Ciencias Agropecuarias

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Subject: search.filters.subject.PARASITOSIS

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    Moniezia expansa y Moniezia benedeni una parasitosis en rumiantes: una visión general de sus aspectos vinculados a su taxonomía
    (2024-02) Almeida Caicedo, María Genesis; Borja Caicedo, Byron Enrique
    Moniezia species are a group of globally distributed parasites that cause intestinal diseases in ruminant species characterized by decreased animal production and, in some cases, death of the host. A systematic literature review was conducted under a qualitative approach of narrative design and descriptive scope on an overview of the importance of Moniezia expansa and Moniezia benedeni, as well as some aspects related to their taxonomy, the 2 main species responsible for gastrointestinal infections in ruminants. For the search, the main databases were consulted, including Scopus, Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, Latindex, SciELO, Dialnet, among others, using the Boolean logical operator. According to the review, gastrointestinal parasites constitute one of the main threats limiting the development and profitability of the livestock industry in tropical and subtropical areas. Among the causative agents of gastrointestinal diseases, monieziosis, caused by Moniezia spp., is a pathology with the highest frequency of occurrence among different livestock species. There are limitations in the identification of M. expansa and M. benedeni when only morphological characters are used, so molecular techniques have the potential to overcome the problems of identification of these and other species of the genus. The contributions of molecular biology are useful not only for inferring phylogenetic relationships among cestodes, but also for identifying molecular markers for future studies on diagnostics, population genetics and molecular ecology in Moniezia species. However, more genetic marker studies are required to accurately identify Moniezia species and to provide a basis for taxonomic investigations.
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    Prevalencia de Ancylostoma caninum en caninos domésticos en la comunidad de Sacha Runa, provincia de Pastaza
    (2022-09) Jaramillo Arias, Ambar Solange; Quinteros Freire, Christian Andrés
    Ancylostoma caninum is a hematophagous and histophagous nematode known for its pathogenicity, its characteristic sign is the presence of anemia in infected patients, this worm spreads rapidly in suitable conditions of temperature, soil and humidity, moreover it has a zoonotic character and unfortunately in the communities information on this subject is limited. Due to this, the study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of A. caninum in the community of Sacha Runa in the province of Pastaza. Fecal samples were taken from 83 canines belonging to the community and divided into age and sex categories. Although no significant differences were found mathematically obtained by Chi square between the different categories of the variables studied, by means of the Mcmaster technique it was possible to obtain important degrees of parasitosis, where according to age the puppies have an average of 1166 eggs per gram in feces which in the scale means a high or severe parasitosis, followed by the adults with 510 eggs per gram and finally the young adults with 468 eggs per gram. In the sex category, although males were infected in greater numbers, females exceeded males in the number of eggs per gram in feces, obtaining a value of 531 h.p.g. as opposed to males with 440 eggs per gram. This highlights the importance of this kind of studies, since in this way it will be possible to take preventive measures so that this parasitosis does not cause serious damage to canines and humans.
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    Evaluación de una infestación experimental por Taenia pisiformis en conejos de ceba (Oryctolagus cuniculus)”
    (2018) Sánchez Vargas, Christian Renato; Díaz Sjostrom, Pedro
    The objective of this study was to evaluate an experimental infestation by Taenia pisiformis in fattening rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), the same one that was carried out in the Experimental Farm Querochaca of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato; 48 rabbits weaned (30 to 35 days), without sexed, the same ones that were randomly divided into two experimental groups of 24 each, receiving group I an oral dose of 1ml per animal containing 2000 viable eggs of Taenia pisiformes diluted in physiological solution and a group 0 (control), with placebo solution. The objective was to evaluate the effect of experimental infestation on weight behavior, biochemical and hematological parameters, and inflammatory reactions in postmortem organs. As a result, a decrease in body condition and average daily weight gain were obtained, as well as group I with respect to the control group; the blood measurement showed an anemia, reflected in the decrease of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit for the infested group, in addition a marked elevation of eosinophils and basophils was observed with reference to the control group. The blood biochemistry indicated that liver function (ALT enzymes, increased AST) altered and total proteins decreased, both significantly with respect to the control (p <0.001); It is concluded that the infestation by Taenia pisiformis in rabbits affects the liver and kidneys, interferes with the growth and fattening of the parasitized rabbits, having implications on the blood metric, also showing a significant direct relationship between the number of cysticerci observed and the levels of parasitosis by Coccidia spp.