Ciencias Agropecuarias

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    Valoración del conocimiento de los productores de hortalizas sobre el manejo sustentable de plagas agrícolas en la parroquia Izamba
    (2023-03) Quiña Telenchana, Jessica Gabriela; Vásquez Freytez, Carlos Luis
    Agricultural production constantly faces phytosanitary problems, such as pest attacks, which put crop productivity at risk. Therefore, one of the most commonly used practices for pest management is the use of chemical pesticides despite the well-known negative effects on human health and the ecosystem. In the present study, an attempt to assess the knowledge of vegetable producers about the management of agricultural pests was made in the Izamba parish. For the study, a structured survey with open and closed questions was applied to the producers. A high percentage of farmers considered that, although there are benefits derived from the use of chemical pesticides, they also pointed out negative aspects such as the need for training for their management and that they are also potentially dangerous when handling them and harmful to the environment. Also, it was evidenced that farmers know about other control alternatives, since 71% of the respondents said they applied some other pest management alternative, among which they indicated the use of cultural practices, biological control practices and/or traps with pheromones, as well as the use of homemade botanical extracts. Given the importance of evaluating the level of knowledge of farmers about the risks of the use of chemical products in the management of agricultural pests, it is suggested to develop similar investigations in different agricultural items in the province of Tungurahua in order to develop strategies of education on the best use of this strategy.
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    Evaluación de diferentes sustratos comerciales sobre la viabilidad de semillas de cebolla (Allium cepa L.)
    (2021-04) Montúfar Villacís, Klever Arturo; Vásquez Freytez, Carlos Luis
    Onion (Allium cepa L.) is among the most consumed vegetables worldwide and popular for its extensive health benefits, however, some factors such as lack of investments to improve cultivation and irrigation methods have caused discouragement in production. Therefore, among the strategies to be evaluated are studies on seed production that allow improving crop’s production and productivity. In this study, the effect of different commercial substrates (Terracult, Pindstrup Plus and Floragard) on the viability of Burguesa variety onion seeds was evaluated and then compared with a conventional substrate used as control treatment. In each substrate, the percentage and speed of germination were evaluated for 5 days, in addition root length, bulb diameter, fresh and dry weight of bulb were evaluated at 15 and 30 days after emergence. According to the results, both the germination percentage and the germination speed were affected by the type of substrate, being superior to the control treatment in all types of substrates. Additionally, root length and bulb diameter (pseudostem) and fresh and dry weight of seedling were significantly higher in seedlings obtained from commercial substrates. All substrates shown to have a positive effect on the production of onion seedlings, however, field studies are required to validate the results obtained in the present investigation.