Ciencias Agropecuarias

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    Evaluación de la resistencia de Proteus mirabilis a Quinolonas y Betalactámicos y su relación con factores de virulencia
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato Maestría En Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-07) Borja Ramos, Alva Tatiana; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health, veterinary medicine and food safety. Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacillus recognized for its occurrence in animals, animal-derived foods and environments associated with the food chain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of P. mirabilis isolated from chicken meat to quinolones and β-lactams, and to determine its relationship with virulence factors of clinical, veterinary and epidemiological importance. The study was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive design. A total of 41 P. mirabilis strains preserved at the Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Universidad Técnica de Ambato were analysed. These strains originated from registered and non-registered retail outlets in Ambato canton. Resistance genes were detected by PCR: gyrA and aac (6’)-Ib-cr, associated with quinolone resistance, and blaTEM and blaCTX-M, associated with β-lactam resistance. The amplified products were visualised by agarose gel electrophoresis. In addition, virulence factors were assessed through haemolysis on blood agar and swarming motility. The results showed high frequencies of resistance genes. The gyrA gene was detected in 85.37% of the isolates and aac (6’)-Ib-cr in 80.49%. Regarding β-lactams, blaTEM was identified in 80.49% and blaCTX-M in 58.54% of the strains. These findings demonstrate that chicken meat may act as a reservoir of P. mirabilis carrying genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance. The coexistence of resistance genes with haemolysis and swarming suggests a potential health risk; therefore, strengthening molecular surveillance, food safety measures and the rational use of antimicrobials under the One Health approach is recommended.
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    Evaluación de la sensibilidad a los antibióticos y factores de virulencia de bacterias Gram negativas aisladas de la carne de pollo que se expenden en el cantón de Ambato (Comamonas kerstersii, Aeromonas veronii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
    (2024-02) Ramírez Pérez, Juan José; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    The following research work was developed in the Laboratories of the Technical University of Ambato, with the objective of evaluating the sensitivity to antibiotics and virulence factors of the following bacteria: Comamonas kerstersii, Aeromonas veronii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from meat of chicken that is spent in the Ambato canton. We worked with 6 samples, carrying out the management of the experiment in three phases. The statistical method used was the Kolmogorov Smirov method to determine if there is a normal distribution. Demonstrating the results, the following data: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Comamonas kerstersii have greater sensitivity to the antibiotics used, while Aeromonas veronii showed resistance. The molecular mechanisms of resistance vary according to the type of bacteria and the antibiotic. Finally, as a defense mechanism, bacteria develop virulence factors to evade the response of the body's immune system. Keywords: Comamonas kerstersii, Aeromonas veronii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, sensitivity, resistance, antibiotic, bacteria, virulence factors.