Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Evaluación de dos bioestimulantes en la producción del forraje verde hidropónico de maíz (Zea mays)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Carrera de Agronomía, 2025-01) Acuña Cabrera, Jayller Manuel; Pérez Salinas, Marco OswaldoThe main purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of Maxi-grow and Biozyme biostimulants on the development yield of hydroponic green forage (HGF) from corn (Zea mays) of the yellow morocho variety. A completely randomized design was implemented with three treatments, including the control, each with three replicates, evaluating variables such as seedling height, root mat height, fresh weight, dry matter, protein content, and fiber content. The doses of biostimulants applied were as follows (1.25 cc/l for Maxi-grow and 1.15 cc/l for Biozyme). The results showed that both biostimulants helped in the growth of FVH, with Maxi-grow standing out because it obtained the highest values in seedling height with 17.12 cm and in root mat with 4.39 cm. In turn, a higher fresh weight was evident in the treatments with biostimulants, demonstrating their effectiveness in increasing biomass. In terms of nutritional analysis, no significant variations in protein or fiber content were observed between treatments. The research concluded by demonstrating that the use of biostimulants is a favorable alternative for improving FVH yield, especially when seeking to increase biomass production. However, their influence on nutritional quality was limited. For future research aimed at improving the nutritional quality of forage, it is recommended to supplement the use of biostimulants with high-nitrogen nutrient solutions, while also evaluating different doses and application frequencies.Item Evaluación de la biomasa de los desechos agrícolas del cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum) como potencial recurso energético(2022-03) Llamuca Manzano, Fernando David; Santana Mayorga, Rita CumandáSustainable development today needs advanced tools such as renewable energy mainly from the generation of biomass from agricultural by-products, taking into account the care of the environment in its production process. Throughout the planet, the types and diversity of waste of vegetable origin, such as forestry, agricultural or agri-food residues; allows its transformation into products with energy potential in the form of biomass and expresses the need to both evaluate and analyze these resources as energy sources. The research presented below evaluates energetically the biomass product of agricultural residues of potato crops (Solanum tuberosum) obtained in the Province of Tungurahua and which have the characteristics of a renewable resource. The energy characterization of this potato residue shows an average value of 15571.67 MJ/tn, which allows calculating the energy potential of the same residue, which corresponds to 0.03 GWh. Likewise, the results of the proximal analysis are presented with humidity values of 9.85%, ashes 14.66%, volatile content with 71.62%, fiber content 44.58% and fat contentin 046%. The evaluation of the results obtained from the calorific power and the amountof biomass show that the agricultural residues of the potato crop have energy potential whose characteristics convert this resource into renewable energy, which allows us to reduce the use of fossil fuels and improve the care of our environment.Item Producción de metano a partir de biomasa residual pecuaria enriquecida con desecho de cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa) en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias(2020-10) Miranda Quitiaquez, Silvia Ximena; Muñoz Espinoza, Manolo SebastiánThe objective of the research is to determine the production in vitro of biogas, methane and AGVs by adding strawberry residues in pig and sheep manure at different concentrations, the experiment was carried out in the Ruminology laboratories of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, a completely randomized block design was applied, and the Tukey comparison test at 5% through the statistical system Infostat version 2019; the studied treatments were made with a standard raw material of pig herd manure , in combination with different proportions of fresh macerated strawberry and sheep flock manure as follows: T1 60% + 40% strawberry macerated; T2 Cerdaza 60% + 30% macerated strawberry + 10% sheep flock manure; T3 Cerdaza 60% + 20% macerated strawberry + 20% sheep flock manure; T4 Cerdaza 60% + 10% macerated strawberry + 30% sheep flock manure and T5 Cerdaza 60% + 40% sheep flock manure . The results observed in relation to the biogas production was higher (P = 0.0001) in the treatment T4 (201.2 mL / kg) and T5 (193.56 mL / kg), as well as the methane production was higher (P = 0.0001) in T4 (6.8 mL / kg) and T5 (7.0 mL / kg), referring about volatile fatty acids, a higher (P = 0.0001) production of acetic acid was observed in treatment T1 in relation to the other treatments. While for propionic acid the highest (P = 0.0001) production was observed in T3 and in butyric acid there weren't observed differences (P = 0.9807) between the evaluated treatments. Concluding that the strawberries was not decisive to increase the formation of biogas such as methane, however it was at the time of the formation of volatile fatty acids, which is verified as the best treatment T1 with the highest percentage of strawberry added to pig manure.Item Cuantificación de la biomasa residual y caracterización del Chaguarmishqui(2018) Villacrés Padilla, Paúl Omar; Pomboza, Pedro PabloThe Agave represents an important part of the historical and cultural legacy in the Salasaca community, currently represents an important source of employment and generation of resources. However, the lack of studies of daily volume of chaguarmishqui harvest, brix degrees, pH and biochemical profile significantly affects the economic potential of the product. In the present investigation the influence of the extraction methods in the volume of Chaguarmishqui was determined and the residual biomass of the American A. was quantified. Having thus the following results: the maximum daily production of chaguarmishqui was 1723 ml. The brix degrees reached the highest value in the first month of harvest whose value was 13.64 degrees. The total residual biomass of the three plants were 507.9, 165 and 171.6 liters, respectively and with an average of 281.5; The agave plant has a density of 0.838 gr / cm3. The research will benefit the TZAWAR MISHKI AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION from the Salasaca community because they need as much information as possible to make the Agave liquor. It should be mentioned that the analysis of sugars and the entire biochemical profile that was made in the quantification of the chaguarmishqui is delivered to said entity.Item Cuantificación de la biomasa residual y caracterización del Chaguarmishqui(2018) Villacrés Padilla, Paúl Omar; Pomboza, Pedro PabloThe Agave represents an important part of the historical and cultural legacy in the Salasaca community, currently represents an important source of employment and generation of resources. However, the lack of studies of daily volume of chaguarmishqui harvest, brix degrees, pH and biochemical profile significantly affects the economic potential of the product. In the present investigation the influence of the extraction methods in the volume of Chaguarmishqui was determined and the residual biomass of the American A. was quantified. Having thus the following results: the maximum daily production of chaguarmishqui was 1723 ml. The brix degrees reached the highest value in the first month of harvest whose value was 13.64 degrees. The total residual biomass of the three plants were 507.9, 165 and 171.6 liters, respectively and with an average of 281.5; The agave plant has a density of 0.838 gr / cm3. The research will benefit the TZAWAR MISHKI AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION from the Salasaca community because they need as much information as possible to make the Agave liquor. It should be mentioned that the analysis of sugars and the entire biochemical profile that was made in the quantification of the chaguarmishqui is delivered to said entity.Item Comportamiento productivo y cuantificación de la biomasa residual disponible en un sistema cavícola.(2017) Núñez Núñez, Carina Beatriz; Barros Rodríguez, MarcosThe project was developed at “Técnica de Ambato University” in the Agricultural Sciences Faculty (Ciencias Agropecuarias) during 75 days. In this document is described the Productive Behavior and Quantification of Available Residual Biomass in a Cavia System. The aims of the research were: rate the productive behavior and quantify the available residual biomass in guinea pigs that were fed with Italianryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) with a balanced nutritious formulaand alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) with a balanced nutritious formula. Sixty guinea pigs were used as males as females, they were from 15 to 17 days old approximately, they were separated in two groups of 30 guinea pigs for each treatment. For the treatments were used two kinds of forage: Treatment 1: Italian ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) with a balanced nutritious formula. Treatment 2: alfalfa or Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) with a balanced nutritious formula. Each treatment was given 6 times with 5 repeated animals. The principal obtained results were the next: in animals that were fed with Lolium Multiflorum and a balanced nutritious formula ate 65.86g/MS per animal per day their weight increased 8.18g per animal per day by the other hand the other groupof animals that ate Medicago Sativa and a balanced nutritious formula ate 50.93g/MS per animal per day and won weight 7.54g per animal per day. In the nutritional conversion Lolium Multiflorum and a balanced nutritious formula obtained 8.06 while Medicago Sativa plus a balanced nutritious formula got 6.85. For the digestibility of dry material Treatment 1 got as result 62.55% while Treatment 2 got 61.-03%. For length and thorax perimeter at the end of the research Lolium Multiflorum plus a balanced nutritious formula obtained showed values of 6.43 cm and 6.2 cm per guinea pig respectively: on the other side Medicago Sativa plus a balanced nutritious formula got 6.86 cm for length and 5.73 cm pf thorax perimeter. Finally, biomass factor showed important differences obtaining as results 54.06g/MS per guinea pig per day in Treatment 1 and 48.38g/MS per guinea pig per day in Treatment 2.According to the results in Treatment 2 Medicago Sativa plus a balanced nutritious formulawould be the best food chooses for feeding Guinea Pigs.Item Efecto de la fertilización orgánica sobre la calidad nutricional de Lolium multiflorum (RYEGRASS) en el cantón Cevallos(2017) Garcés Pico, Santiago Fernando; Pérez Salinas, Marco OswaldoThe objective of this research was to evaluate the nutritional quality of Lolium multiflorum (RYEGRASS) , fertilized with different organic fertilizers. Using a male bovine of about 120 kg. ruminal degradation in situ MS was determined., using the technique of the nylon bag in the rumen and digestibility. The results show that T4 corresponding to treatment Blend fertilizer has a yield of forage biomass greater than the other treatments (1101.1 kg DM / ha), crude protein T4 treatment corresponding to treatment mix fertilizers has the higher value than the other treatments (12.9). Acid detergent fiber takes its highest value in the treatment T2 corresponding to treatment of chicken manure and has the value of (35.65). Contrary to the results of the acid detergent fiber, the fiber neutral detergent has the highest value treatment T1 corresponding to the control (70.23), the potential for Degradation Ruminal Dry Matter, has the highest value in the treatment T2 corresponding to treatment of chicken manure (76.7), indicating that the more organic fertilizer nitrogenous contributed to growing Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) the greater the amount of acid detergent fiber result in the ruminal debrability is faster and can include in the diet of bovines improving rumen functions and reducing GHG emissions. Descriptors: organic fertilizers, biomass, nutritional quality, ruminal degradation, digestibility, fertilization, fodder, hens, sheep, pastures.Item Evaluación de tres abonos verdes, mezclas de leguminosa más gramínea, crucífera y amaranthaceae, en los suelos agrícolas degradados del cantón Bolívar(2016) Aguilar Aguilar, Manuel Eraclio; Villacís Aldaz, Luis AlfredoThis research work was to identify the potential of herbaceous plant species (Domesticated and wild), in the production of biomass, the purpose of recovering degraded soils in the in the area of influence of the irrigation system Montúfar, canton Bolivar, Carchi province. Investigative plots were located the area of San Joaquin, parish Bolivar, located at 2510 meters above sea level. The treatments were: association of forage oat (Avena sativa, L., more Vicia (Vicia hajastana, C.); Wild Radish (Raphanus sativus, L.); Pigweed (Amaranthus dubius, L.); and the absolute control with weedy plants. Planting is done volley and the witness not sowed seeds were born propagated plants on the site. Design Randomized Complete Block (DBCA) with four treatments and three replications. The evaluated variables were subjected to deva and Tukey test at 5%; high significance in determining the variable dry matter production; the highest yield obtained treatment one 5.4 t/ha, the witness with wild turnip obtained 4.03 t/ha. The greatest contribution of green matter was obtained T1, 4,5t/ha followed by T2, 1,5t/ha. The largest increase in organic matter in the soil, 30 days built the green material was obtained with T4, with 1,4 % and T3, with 1,31%. Keywords: Association, Vicia, pigweed, volley, domesticated, weeds, ADEVA, Tukey, dry matter, organic matter, biomassItem Rendimiento de biomasa y valoración nutrimental de residuos pos cosecha de cacao (Theobroma cacao L)(2016) Salazar Moyota, José Alberto; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos AntonioThe objective of this investigation work is guided to the determination of the yield of biomass and valuation nutrimental of residual search crop of cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L), The rehearsal was carried out in the sectors of the Island enclosure the marvels and in the enclosure the Guaiacs canton Marcelino Mari owner county of the Guayas to 17 km of the canton Marcelino Maridueña and to 21 km of the canton Cumandá. In the properties of property of Mr. Enrrique Castle with an extension of the total cultivation of 4 has of variety CCN 51, of 4 years while the property of the seños Luis Salazar with a surface of 1 has of national variety, the cultivation is 7 years of age old they are located to 98 msnm. With a curve of established production and an average of (0.77 and 0.54 tm/año respectively). Yield of biomass was determined of it cracked it of the ear of cocoa (CMC), nutritional Value of biomass (CMC). The results showed difference (P=0.0001) among treatments being that of adult numbers of ears T1 (53.3 kg/ha) with regard to T2 (6.1 kg/ha). While for the weight of the ear, weight of the maguey, and total weight of the biomass was observed difference (P=0,0001) among tratamienros, being observed that the biggest weight in the ear, of the maguey and the total weight of the biomass obtained it T1 (33.8, 2.0 and 35.9 kg/ha) respectively. With relationship to the chemical composition of it cracked it of the ear of cocoa significant difference it was not observed (P=0.0001) among treatments for none of the parameters in study (MS, MB, PC, FDN, FDA and Ashy). You can conclude that the yield of the biomass of the residuals of search crop of cocoa of the variety CCN-51 is the one that contributes the biggest quantity in available residuals, with a nutritional content that can be utilized for the animal feeding, compost elaboration.Item Cuantificación y logística de la biomasa disponible del cultivo de tomate riñón (Lycopersicum esculentum)(2015) Amaguaña Supe, Carlos Alberto; Curay, Segundo; Villacís, LuisEl objetivo del proceso de medida es determinar la biomasa que contiene una planta entera. La cubicación del tallo resulta aplicando métodos plenamente desarrollados en mensura forestal, determinando diámetros a distintas alturas del tallo y longitud total. Medición del fuste principal aplicando métodos dendrométricos tradicionales, con los que se obtiene el volumen del mismo. 1. Medición de la biomasa de la planta entera en las cinco variedades de tomate riñón fue necesario un estudio dendrométricos de los tallos. Se determinó el coeficiente de forma de cada variedad, consecuentemente fue calculado el volumen real de todos los tallos existentes en cada variedad. Se determinó el volumen real de la planta entera de cada variedad, representando cuadros y gráficas que muestran la distribución de biomasa por cada una de las variedades estudiadas. Se confeccionaron gráficos y tablas que ayudan a la visualización de esta supuesta concentración de biomasa. La biomasa media de las plantas de tomate riñón de la variedad Daniela fue de 0.02 kg de materia seca por planta. Este valor supone un biomasa potencial disponible de 1380 kg (1.3 ton/ha) de materia seca por hectárea. En cambio la variedad Dominique fue de 0.01 kg de materia seca por planta. Este valor supone una biomasa potencial disponible de 690 kg (0.69 ton/ha) de materia seca por hectárea.La variedad Fortuna fue de 0.02 kg de materia seca por planta, este valor supone una biomasa potencial disponible de 1380 kg (1.3 ton/ha) de materia seca por hectárea. La variedad Micaela fue de 0.03 kg de materia seca por planta, este valor supone una biomasa potencial disponible de 2070 kg (2 ton/ha) de materia seca por hectárea. Y por ultimo de la variedad Nemonetta fue de 0.03 kg de materia seca por planta, este valor supone una biomasa potencial disponible de 2070 kg (2 ton/ha) de materia seca por hectárea. Teniendo en cuenta que el marco de plantación más común de todas las variedades fue de 0.12 x1.20 m