Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis de desempeño sísmico del edificio COAC San Martín ubicado en el cantón Tisaleo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Yugcha Rumiguano, Christian Sebastián; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaEcuador is located in the Ring of Fire, so it is subject to stochastic phenomena such as earthquakes, since buildings must be governed according to the current NEC 15 standard to ensure that the design meets earthquake resistance criteria. The purpose of this research work is to determine the seismic performance of the building under study. A qualitative analysis was carried out using the NEC 15 standard, in which the parameters were evaluated according to the characteristics of the structure, obtaining a score of 2.0, demonstrating that it has a medium degree of vulnerability. In the quantitative section, the linear and nonlinear static Pushover analysis of the structure was carried out using engineering software. In the linear analysis, it was determined that the structure in current conditions presents torsion, and that elements such as beams and columns are not designed to withstand the demands. In addition, through non-linear analysis, the capacity curve of the structure was calculated together with the performance levels and it was determined that the construction does not meet the seismic performance objectives according to VISION 2000. Once the evaluation of the structure was completed, three more floors were designed, according to the specifications of the calculation report, and with the requests of these, the structure was reinforced, both locally in the elements such as columns and beams using criteria from the ASCE 41-13 standard, in which the concrete screed method was used for the columns and the steel casing method for the beams, and globally with the implementation of shear walls to control torsion and comply with the vibration period of the structure. Finally, with the implementation of the reinforcement and the addition of 3 more floors to the building, the linear analysis was carried out again, to verify that the calculations and design were in accordance with the NEC 15 standard, checking that the elements had the necessary amounts of steel to generate ductility. After that, the non-linear analysis of the structure was carried out, in which the performance objective was determined, complying with what was established in VISION 2000.Item Análisis del desempeño sísmico del edificio cooperativa de ahorro y crédito Chibuleo ubicado en el cantón Machala(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Pintag Quitio, Esau Ernesto; Ramírez Cabrera, Wladimir JoséThrough scientific research, it is understood that a linear static analysis was not enough to understand the behavior of a structure, hence the need to analyze it under a non-linear regime. The present experimental work for its development was carried out in 4 phases: Initial phase, consisted of collecting all the necessary data of the building, structural and architectural plans, destructive tests of concrete and steel, determining the mechanical properties of the material with their respective control reports. quality, for verification, with the purpose of implementing a three-dimensional mathematical model in engineering software. For the first, the structural response was analyzed through linear seismic analysis, verifying: vibration period, participatory mass, plan torsion, static basal shear, dynamic basal shear, floor derivatives, structural elements (beams, columns) and seismic resistance criteria according to per NEC-SE-DS-15. For the second, the capacity curve was calculated using Pushover analysis and the behavioral objectives proposed by the VISION 2000 committee for a frequent, occasional, rare and very rare earthquake were evaluated using the ASCE 41 coefficient method. 13. As a result, in phase 3, an optimal strengthening method at the structural element level was proposed, according to the data of linear seismic analysis and nonlinear static seismic analysis, and the analyzes of phases 1 and phase 2 were carried out again. .in order to check if the reinforcement was optimal for the building.Item Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificaciones de estructuras metálicas de la parroquia La Península, Ambato, Ecuador: Propuesta de reforzamiento estructural de una edificación representativa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2024) Pérez Castro, Víctor Hugo; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThe parish of La Peninsula in the city of Ambato is located in an area of high seismic hazard in Ecuador. This parameter, together with the vulnerability of the buildings and the level of exposure, represents the level of risk that could occur in the face of these events. Seismic vulnerability is a magnitude that allows quantifying structural damage, failure modes and resistance capacity under the action of an earthquake, based on the characteristics of the building such as the type of structural system, irregularities in the floor plan, elevation, frequency of maintenance, application of regulations, construction codes and other parameters that are controllable, to provide an overview of the degree of vulnerability and seismic risk index of the buildings. The first step was to identify the buildings in which the main component was the metal structure, and from there, with the help of the forms proposed in the FEMA P-154, NEC 15 and FUNVISIS standards, it was finally possible to establish the degree of vulnerability of these buildings. For the interpretation of the results, the NEC 15 and AISC 360 criteria were used because the buildings found in the area were of traditional moment frames. A representative building in the area was selected to evaluate in detail the seismic vulnerability, in this case a linear static and spectral modal analysis was performed,Item Análisis de vulnerabilidad sísmica y reforzamiento estructural del edificio Colineal, ubicado en la parroquia Atocha-Ficoa, cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Romero Guamanquispe, Jorge Roberto; Núñez Aldas, Galo WilfridoIn this degree work, as an initial part, a seismic vulnerability analysis of the metal structure buildings in the Atocha-Ficoa parish is carried out through quick visual inspections using the forms established by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard NEC-2015, FUNVISIS as well as by the Federal Emergency Management Agency of the United States FEMA P-154, since through this study it was determined that the houses in this parish present a medium-high vulnerability, Thus, the most representative building was selected, the Colineal company building, which presents technical-constructive observations of structural order such as fissures, cracks, detachment of plaster on walls and floors, which has caused a premature deterioration of the infrastructure. For this reason, an analysis was carried out by means of mathematical models through the ETABS computer program, where a linear analysis was performed to verify structural parameters such as drifts, displacements, and vibration periods. Subsequently, a non-linear static analysis (Pushover) was performed to determine the capacity of the structure and its performance level in the presence of a seismic event, to finally determine, based on the performance obtained, a structural reinforcement system by means of concentric diagonals, which will provide greater stability, ductility and resistance to the building and through this constructive alternative improve its seismic performance level and adequately meet the technical criteria for life safety.Item Evaluación de vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificaciones de estructuras metálicas en la parroquia Quisapincha, Ambato, Ecuador: Propuesta de reforzamiento estructural de una edificación representativa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Chango Palate, Mercedes Maribel; López Velástegui, Jorge EnriqueAs part of the analysis of seismic vulnerability in metal structure buildings in the city of Ambato, the study was carried out in the Quisapincha district. The Quisapincha district is an area of agricultural production; due to the characteristics of economic development and geographic location, it is considered a rural area. In the study area, 17 metal structure buildings were found, however, the characteristic typologies of the area were reduced to cold-rolled steel frames and steel frames with masonry block walls. The results of the vulnerability of the buildings studied in the parish were of high vulnerability since aspects such as the inadequate application of building codes and irregularities in plan and elevation were evident. The building selected for the detailed vulnerability analysis was the Quisapincha market, which corresponds to an industrial building with cold-rolled steel truss systems; however, since it is a public sector administration building, it was considered to be of greater importance than ordinary portal frame systems. For the detailed evaluation of the building, a linear static and spectral modal analysis was performed to identify deficiencies in seismic performance and to identify strengthening mechanisms to improve the performance of the structure. The strengthening system included the application of a truss at the ridge between the spans in the central zone of the structure, application of San Andres cross bracing and stiffening through the application of brackets. The strengthening system improved the seismic performance of the building.Item Evaluación de vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificaciones de estructuras metálicas en la parroquia Izamba zona 2, Ambato, Ecuador: Propuesta de reforzamiento estructural de una edificación representativa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Torres Palate, José Antonio; López Velástegui, Jorge EnriqueDue to the fact that Ambato is an area of high seismic danger, a vulnerability analysis of the buildings was carried out. In this research, the Izamba Zone 2 parish was covered, in this sector are located the companies destined to the industry, so when the inventory was carried out, 45 buildings of different typologies of steel structural systems were found. For the vulnerability analysis, the standardized FEMA P-154, NEC 15 and FUNVISIS forms were used to determine vulnerability by building and by zone in general. These forms allow the application of a quick visual inspection methodology that allows verifying the conditions of the building and its susceptibility to earthquakes. Subsequently, a detailed analysis was performed, using the evaluation criteria of NEC 15 to identify the seismic behavior of the selected building, in this study the linear static and spectral modal analysis was applied. The reinforcement proposal specified the elements that were added to the structural system and that allowed improving the behavior of the industrial building. It was determined that the selected building is vulnerable, however, with the application of the strengthening system, it could significantly improve the periods, displacements and resistance of the load-bearing elements.Item Análisis del desempeño sísmico del edificio de laboratorio Clínico Ochoa - Matriz(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Galarza Flores, César Joel; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThis research aims to know the structural behavior of the Ochoa-Matriz Clinical Laboratory Building located on Av. Gonzales Suarez of the Ambato Canton in the province of Tungurahua. This experimental work complies with the requirements established in the NEC SE CG, NEC SE DS and NEC SE RE standards, from which a survey was carried out of architectural and structural information to perform a mathematical model in a specialized calculation software. Through this program it was determined translational and rotational movements, drifts, design period, behaviour of structural elements such as beams and columns, In addition, with the help of the calculation program, the evaluation of seismic performance in the building was applied based based on ASCE/SEI 41-13 to determine the levels of performance before requests of a frequent, occasional, rare and very rare earthquake. Thus, the plastic ball joints were also analyzed to know the displacement and cutting of these to categorize their level of performance. Based In the calculation and therefore it was necessary to use a concrete cladding reinforcement to improve its structural behavior.Item Análisis de vulnerabilidad sísmica y medición de vibraciones en losas de entrepiso para el reforzamiento estructural del edificio del Centro de Idiomas, campus Huachi Chico de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Caiza Changoluisa, Jhofre Wilfrido; Cevallos Cabrera, Jorge WashingtonEn el presente proyecto se determinó el grado de vulnerabilidad sísmica del edificio a través de las siguientes metodologías: La primera abarca las metodologías cualitativas: FEMA P-154 que indica un valor S= 2.4 (probabilidad de colapso de 1/251); otra es expuesta en la NEC 2015 que indica un puntaje S= 2.4 (vulnerabilidad media) y la de la Secretaría Nacional de Gestión de Riesgos que presenta un puntaje de 3.2 (vulnerabilidad baja). La segunda abarca las metodologías cuantitativas en las que se realizaron el Análisis Modal Espectral con la configuración de secciones y cargas actuales, obteniendo que no se cumple con los parámetros requeridos por la normativa vigente NEC-SE-DS 2015, por lo que se plantea una propuesta de reforzamiento de la estructura mediante el empleo de arriostramientos en pórticos definidos y el encamisado de columnas específicas de la planta baja, logrando así cumplir los parámetros normativos. Para evaluar la propuesta de reforzamiento se realizó el Análisis Estático No Lineal (Pushover) de donde se obtuvo el punto de desempeño para cada espectro de demanda sísmica empleado (Determinista, NEC 475 y NEC 2500) con lo que se determinó que el edificio reforzado cumple con los requerimientos normativos. Adicionalmente se realizó la medición de vibraciones en losas de entrepiso utilizando la herramienta Walking Vibration de Etabs, donde se definieron senderos críticos para determinar las mayores aceleraciones verticales mediante un análisis lineal tiempohistoria que al comparar con el valor límite que presenta la Guía 11 del AISC se determina que no hay problemas de vibración.Item Análisis estructural del desempeño sísmico del edificio de la Facultad de Contabilidad y Auditoría de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato mediante la medición de vibraciones(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-06) Laura Guerrero, Edwin Humberto; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioTo determine the seismic performance of the structure in its current state, a vulnerability analysis was performed by applying a qualitative and quantitative method. In the vulnerability analysis of the qualitative method, the rapid visual inspection technique described by FEMA 154 and NEC 2015 was used, taking into account the most relevant characteristics of the structure, the type of structural system, irregularities in plan and elevation, year and construction code, presenting a high vulnerability degree according to Fema 154 and a low vulnerability degree according to NEC 2015. In the quantitative analysis, a linear analysis was performed to know the structural behavior, where it was shown that they do not comply with the NEC 2015 standard, subsequently a non-linear static analysis was performed with the ATC-40 and FEMA-440 methodologies and where it was proven that the structure does not have enough capacity to reach the expected performance level according to the NEC 2015. With the results of the two methodologies, it was proposed the reinforcement at a global level with shear walls and at a local level with steel jacketing for beams and columns in order to ensure compliance with the performance levels. Finally, a comparison was made between the vibration periods obtained by the NEC-SE-DS methods and the period obtained by the empirical formulas based on environmental vibration studies, in order to relate the degree of vulnerability of the structure with the vibration periods.Item Reducción de la vulnerabilidad sísmica de estructuras ocupacionales de acero en el cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-03) Jiménez López, Geovanny Gabriel; López Villacis, Gonzalo EduardoIn this degree work, a seismic vulnerability study is carried out for two representative structures that constitute the typical occupation given to steel buildings constructed within the urban area of Ambato Canton. These buildings, according to the NEC-2015, are categorized as essential and special type structures respectively. As an initial part, a preliminary design check was performed using the design spectrum prepared according to the standard for this sector, where compliance was reviewed in terms of floor drifts, soft floor and torsion in plan. Subsequently, by means of a nonlinear pushover static analysis, the capacity of the structure and its performance level in the presence of moderate and extreme earthquakes were determined. Likewise, certain influences of the infill masonry used in this type of structures were determined, and finally, according to the performance obtained, a reinforcement was proposed through the use of concentric diagonals and energy dissipaters in order to improve their performance level and avoid their collapse.