Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.LÍMITE DE FLUENCIA

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    Evaluación de la capacidad estructural resistente al fuego del edificio de carrocerías Cepeda.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Alvarez Salguero, Alex Santiago; Ramírez Cabrera, Wladimir José
    Fire has represented a problem in steel structures, in addition, the NEC does not establish loads or time that the structures must withstand this phenomenon, therefore, this research was developed, which analyzes the susceptibility to fire with international standards such as the Eurocode of Carrocerías Cepeda, a company dedicated to the manufacture of car bodies in which the elements involved in its production are highly flammable and have a high probability of causing a fire. The research was developed through three phases, the first one where the linear analysis of the structure was carried out considering the aspects of the NEC, thus identifying the critical profiles under normal conditions. During the second phase, the temperature reached by the profiles that make up the structure was analyzed, reaching high temperatures, which directly affected the properties of the steel such as the modulus of elasticity and yield strength, decreasing its structural capacity and increasing the probability of collapse. For the third phase, Gypsum material was implemented as a protective measure, which improved the fire resistance of the structure. The results show that Gypsum is an excellent fire protection material as it significantly reduces the temperatures in each of the profiles from 713.82 to 168.12 degrees Celsius, in the case of the most critical profile. The structural capacity after the fire will depend on the amount of material placed inside the structure.
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    Diseño y análisis del parqueadero central de la ciudad de Ambato de hormigón armado y estructura metálica con el uso de elastómeros en la cimentación
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022) Sánchez Tenesaca, Estefanía Jacqueline; Fiallos Condo, Jéssica Tatiana; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego Sebastián
    In the present research work several factors are taken to determine the seismic safety of buildings, materials such as elastomers have been used for structural protection. The design and analysis of the central parking lot of the city of Ambato of reinforced concrete and metal structure with the use of elastomeric insulators in the foundation helps to improve seismic behavior. A modeling was carried out using software analyzing each of the structural elements, especially the behavior of the foundation. Structural and economic analysis shows that a structure equipped with elastomeric insulators in the foundation reduces its initial investment in the structural system since these are responsible for dissipating much of the energy that enters the system so the sections of the structural elements are reduced which implies savings. Its benefit is given in the long term reflected in the performance that the structure can achieve. In the analysis torsional distortion was visualized, we did not find the use of prequalified connections, factor of importance of the structure equal to one, vibration modes insufficient for a minimum mass participation of 90 percent, so we performed a verification through a linear analysis and a static nonlinear analysis with a factor of importance I = 1.5, , additionally, we must analyze the essential structures by means of a non-linear analysis for a return period of 2500 years as stipulated in the NEC SE DS 15. Therefore, this research determines the level of structural performance, as stipulated in the Ecuadorian Construction Standard in force, in the chapter of seismic design thus deducing that it was necessary to implement a structural reinforcement system, which at least allows the structure to remain at a level of (Life Safety) LS which is what the standard requires us.
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    Caracterización de elementos estructurales de acero que hayan sido expuestos a diferentes tiempos y temperaturas debido a un incendio
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-03) Guamanquispe Vaca, Fernanda Patricia; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    In the present investigative work, different structural elements such as columns, beams and steel straps ASTM A 36 exposed to flagella were characterized, considering different times and temperatures of exposure; For the experimental part, the conditions were simulated by using a conventional furnace in which several samples of steel and combustible material were placed, trying to simulate a real scourge, after which samples were taken at temperatures of 600, 800 and 1000 degrees celsius and exposure times of 30, 45 and 60 minutes, to which hardness and macroscopy tests were carried out in the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering and to be able to determine the mechanical properties of the material subjected under these conditions and compare them with those of the unexposed material; By means of the hardness it was possible to determine the ultimate resistance of the material and from the percentages of Ferrite and Perlite it was also verified that the ultimate resistance toxvi traction increased by 9-10 percentage since the samples were cooled by means of a cold water jet, a condition that occurs when a fire is extinguished; Although it is true that the mechanical properties of the specimens did not vary significantly, from the bibliographic review it was possible to determine that in real time of the flagellum, the resistance to creep decreases in inverse proportion with the temperature, so it is possible that the structure collapses. At that time, from the aforementioned, it can also be said that if the structure does not collapse during the fire and is still standing and without deformations in the structure, it can continue to provide service; Finally, after the analysis, it was possible to conclude that the mechanical properties of the structural steel elements at the time of the fire depend on the time and temperature of its exposure.