Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Determinación de la dosificación para la elaboración de adoquines en la planta de adoquines de la parroquia San Isidro de Patulu, cantón Guano, utilizando los materiales de las minas del sector, incluyendo un manual de procedimientos.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Barrionuevo Brito, Anthony Javier; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe utilization of local materials is presented as an efficient alternative, facilitating the production of high-quality pavers that play an essential role in urban development. This strategy contributes to establishing a technical foundation, enabling the development of solutions in the construction sector, fostering economic growth, and enhancing the social well-being of the communities involved. The research was conducted using an experimental approach, evaluating the physical and mechanical properties of the materials based on the INEN 872 standard. In this phase, key characteristics such as granulometry and density were analyzed to ensure their compatibility in mixtures. Subsequently, a procedural manual was developed, detailing guidelines for executing the activities. Next, the mix design for the paver production was carried out based on the ACI method, where test cylinders were subjected to compression tests, yielding results of 60.77 MPa and 60.99 MPa at 28 days, indicating that the mix design is optimal. Following this, the paver mix design with a tensile strength of 30 MPa was developed, and as part of quality control, tests were performed according to the NTE INEN 3040 standard, yielding satisfactory results. Finally, it was concluded that the mix design was successful, as the average results for the indirect tensile strength of the pavers reached 3.604 MPa, demonstrating that this experimental work promotes an efficient construction model.Item Resistencia a la compresión del hormigón simple fabricado con agregado grueso reciclado y catalizador agotado de craqueo catalítico fluidizado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Navas Vásconez, Daniela Sthefany; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioToday, the construction industry is looking for more efficient, profitable and sustainable practices. This experimental study investigates the fabrication of plain concrete using recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and spent fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst, a byproduct of petroleum refining, to evaluate its compressive strength and viability as a sustainable alternative. This study combined theoretical and experimental approaches. The theoretical phase included an exhaustive review of the literature to establish testing methodologies. In the experimental phase, 45 concrete specimens with a strength of 240 kilograms/square centimeters were manufactured, using 100 percent recycled coarse aggregate (RCG) and different proportions in replacement of fine aggregate with spent fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst.) at 5, 10, and 15 percent. These specimens were subjected to compression resistance tests at the ages of 7, 14 and 28 days in accordance with the NTE INEN-1573 regulations. Finally, the results showed that the replacement of 5, 10, and 15 percent FCC in replacement of fine aggregate, together with 100 percent AGR, did not improve the compressive strength of concrete compared to mixtures without FCC and did not reach the expected design strength for conventional concrete. This suggests that although the use of AGR and FCC can improve certain concrete properties, mixing proportions and methods need to be optimized to meet the required strength standards.Item Evaluación superficial y de la estructura del pavimento de la vía Quero – Mocha abscisa 0+000 - 4+300, ubicada entre los cantones Quero y Mocha de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Tipantasig Cacuango, Lizbeth Estefanía; Moreira Cedeño, Fricson LutgardoThe Quero-Mocha Road is a vital link between two cantons with prominent agricultural, dairy, and textile production. In order to preserve essential connectivity for the local economy and minimize negative impacts, the implementation of a robust maintenance plan is proposed. An evaluation was conducted, considering key factors such as traffic volume, Pavement Condition Index (PCI), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and a reference budget. The analysis of the Annual Average Daily Traffic (TPDA) classified the road as a two-lane Class II. The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) was crucial in determining maintenance needs, including rehabilitation, reconstruction, periodic, and routine maintenance. Similarly, deflection studies using the Benkelman Beam method revealed Type I and Type III deflections. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR), assessed in the field and laboratory, demonstrated values between 13 and 28 percent, categorizing it as very good and excellent for the subgrade. Additionally, the base was characterized as Class 4, with CBR exceeding 80 percent, deeming it excellent for the base. Further analyses, such as particle size distribution and Atterberg limits, supported the soil's suitability as a subgrade. An abrasion test indicated wear of 35.5 percent, below the acceptable limit of 40 percent, confirming the good condition of the base. As a result of these findings, a structural design projected for approximately 20 years was developed, supported by a reference budget of $341,639.34 for the Maintenance Plan.Item Implementación de un plan de conservación y mantenimiento de la vía Artezón Valle Hermoso, desde la abscisa 0+000 hasta la abscisa 4+100, ubicado en el sector Artezón, cantón Pelileo de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Pérez Jinez, Kathalina Aracelly; Moreira Cedeño, Fricson LutgardoThe implementation of a conservation and maintenance plan for the Artezón Valle Hermoso stretch of road was carried out because it presented several physical (potholes, cracks) and structural (pavement) problems, and also affected the mobility of the inhabitants of the sector, which is a productive sector. In order to carry out this technical project, soil samples were taken every 1000 m along the road under study and different properties of the road were determined, such as: granulometry, liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, soil bearing capacity, etc. In addition, a visual inspection was carried out using the pavement condition index, the result of which determined that the physical condition of the road was in a bad range, in addition to this, the deflections of the road were analyzed using the Benkelman beam, with these the behavior of the wearing course was obtained, which was also bad. Having made these calculations, and based on laboratory tests, it was concluded that the most appropriate maintenance for the road was a reconstruction, and we proceeded with the design of the pavement structure in which we obtained an asphalt layer of 5 cm, a class III base of 15 cm and a class III subbase of 15 cm. Finally, a referential budget was made to carry out the proposed reconstruction according to the maintenance plan, which was $411,936.34.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de la parroquia Pilaló del cantón Pujilí de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Trávez Vargas, Saúl Alejandro; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThis experimental work arises from the need to expand the database of soils that represent the areas of the Cotopaxi province to serve as support in the preliminary studies of flexible pavements, for which the main objective is to analyze the correlations between the laboratory CBR, DCP, and the index and mechanical properties in soils of the Pilaló parish of the Pujilí canton of the Cotopaxi province. For the present work, 4 third-order roads were chosen around the entire surface of the parish where 12 soil samples were taken, making pits of 1.50m x 1.50m and 1m deep, taking in each pit more than 30 kg of altered soil. of subgrade. Field and laboratory tests were developed to know the properties of the soils obtained, once their results were known, they were analyzed and 25 correlations were obtained where their R^2global correlation coefficient is between 56% and 99% What we want to argue that moderate to very strong correlations were obtained. The equations obtained from the correlation of the different properties serve as a guide for preliminary pavement designs since the tests with which the correlations were obtained serve primarily to evaluate the conditions of the subgrade of roads, bases and subbases, in addition to providing in the expansion of the database of the Ecuadorian territory with the zoning of the different soils found in the Pilaló parish of the Pujilí canton of the Cotopaxi province.Item Análisis comparativo de la resistencia a compresión en adoquines de hormigón estructural y hormigón permeable reforzado con fibras de polipropileno(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-02) Reinoso Bonilla, Carla Alexandra; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlCurrently, due to the growing development of the construction sector in society and the consequences of this demand in the environmental sector, it is necessary to resort to new construction systems in which nature is protected and, at the same time, population demands are met without increasing additional costs. It is known that pervious concrete has low resistance due to the volume of voids it contains, consequently it was proposed to reinforce the pervious concrete with polypropylene fibers to increase the resistance to compression with different percentages of application, and later find the dosage related to the requirements of a concrete applied to pedestrian crossings. As a result, the product dosages of the implemented methods obtained 156 specimens, tested at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of age, which achieved a maximum result against the compression test of 152.34 kg/cm2 which contains a reinforcement. of 0.075 percent polypropylene fiber, it should be noted that the minimum resistance required was 180 kg/cm2, categorizing pervious concrete as deficient compared to conventional concrete.Item Diseño y construcción de una cámara de inflamabilidad para productos de construcción para el Laboratorio de Investigación de Ingeniería Mecánica LIM UTA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Vargas Cordovilla, Ronnie Efrain; Castro Miniguano, Christian ByronNowadays it is important to comply with the quality requirements of construction products since their application involves the safety and life of people, it is essential that these products are fire resistant and in case of an adverse event such as this, it can be guaranteed that the spread of flame in the basic building materials is avoided. For this reason, the possibility of implementing the flammability test of construction products in the Mechanical Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato has been proposed. This technical project is based on the design and manufacture of a flammability cabinet under the requirements of the NTE INEN - ISO 11925-2: 2010 standard that focuses on the testing of construction products, for this the equipment was designed considering the regulatory provisions and the equipment was built in AISI 304 steel using cutting processes and TIG welding with filler material and shielding gas, finally, the equipment was validated by testing three different materials such as: vinyl flooring, MDF and ceiling, with the test results under the criteria of NTE INEN - ISO 11925-2: 2010 it was determined that the equipment meets all the requirements.Item Influencia de las microaleaciones (SNAM MG9011 y SNAM MG9033LA) en el proceso de obtención de fundición nodular (NTE INEN 2499-2009) para determinar las propiedades mecánicas, en la empresa Fundi Laser(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Villagran Ortiz, Jairo Fabricio; Paredes Salinas, Juan GilbertoIn thisexperimetal work, the nodular iron specimens were modeled, cast and mechanized with percentages of 1.1, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 percent SNAM MG9011 and 0.77 percent SNAM MG9033LA to perform the tensile test under ASTM E-8 and NTE INEN standards. -ISO 6892-1 and hardness tests under ASTM E-10, once the results were evaluated, the groups of 1.1 percent SNAM MG9011 and 0.77 percent SNAM MG9033LA were classified in grade 65-45-12. Spectrometry tests were performed in the 1.1 percent SNAM MG9011 and 0.77 percent SNAM MG9033LA groups, to verify their chemical composition under the parameters established in different bibliographies. Metallography tests were performed on all groups of SNAM MG9011 and SNAM MG9033LA specimens, to observe the effects produced on the microstructure. A tensile strength of 693.23 Megapascals, fluency limit 395.72 Megapascals, elongation percentage 12.23 percent, Brinell hardness of 187.36, large nodular grain size 148 micrometers, average 113 micrometers and small 53 micrometers were obtained for SNAM MG9011 1.1 percent and for 0.77 percent SNAM MG9033LA a tensile strength of 678.61 Megapascals, fluency limit 404.61 Megapascals, elongation percentage 15.78 percent, a Brinell hardness of 228.20, large nodular grain size 153.5 micrometers, average 128 micrometers and small 70.50 micrometers. In both cases, the graphite is shown in its microstructure, perfectly forming nodules.Item Análisis del proceso de ranurado del material compuesto de matriz polimérica con resina epoxi y poliester reforzado con fibra de abacá(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Flores Jácome, Walter Giovanni; Pérez Salinas, Cristian FabiánThe following research has as an objective to study the behavior that the material composed by the polymeric matrix with epoxy resin and polyester reinforced with abaca fiber has, at the moment to be subject of a grooving process, changing mechanization process parameters such as the cut speed and the advance speed, as well as the kind of tool to use. It is based on the surface response method to design the experiment, obtaining 52 combinations, each with its respective replica, giving a total of 104 grooves with cut-off speed values between 25.13 and 75.4 m/min, and an advance between 0.08 and 0.12 mm/rev, it is also applied the use of two different milling tools; the first tool 103-S (Super Acabado “Plexiglas”) and the second 107-M (Diamond serrate with front cut), the obtained results were entrance delamination factors, exiting factors and rugosity, allowing to know the superficial quality of the mixture. At the moment to develop a simultaneous optimization of the parameters used in the machining with a combination of a 85.81 m/min cut speed, advance of 0.12828 mm/rev, kind of tool 103-S, and a polyester resin matrix, entrance and exiting delamination factors are obtained similar to 1.0281 and 1.0707 respectively, and a rugosity of 2.3460μm; such values could be the best surface quality for this mixture. To complement the research, UV degradation essays were elaborated with 50, 100 and 150 exposure hours, concluding as the maximum effort traction capacity for the epoxi resin which is in the 100 hours and the polyester one to the 50 hours.