Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Análisis de parámetros para la mejora de eficiencia en quemadores de tubo radiante de dos pasos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2025-02) Dávila Zúñiga, Cristian Andrés; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    The presence of challenges related to energy efficiency losses, thermal non-uniformity, heat utilization, and increased pollutant emissions leads to limited operation, thus affecting its performance. This research proposes an analysis of thermal and technical parameters influencing the efficiency of a two-pass radiant tube burner through an experimental and analytical approach. Various relevant thermal parameters were analyzed to improve the energy performance of the two-pass radiant tube burner. These parameters include heat transfer mechanisms, flame behavior, air-fuel ratio, preheating of the mixture, and temperature distribution, the latter of which was analyzed using advanced thermal analysis software. The description of technical features to enhance thermal performance was linked to the analysis and evaluation of the experimental prototype. An air-to-air heat exchanger was incorporated while maintaining the same pressure settings for air and fuel. Measurement tools such as thermographic cameras and anemometers were used to support the evaluation of alternatives. Thermodynamic calculations, heat transfer, performance, and efficiency analyses were conducted for two configurations: with ambient temperature oxidant and with preheated air. As a result, the two-pass radiant tube burner’s performance increased from 8.66 to 17.15 percent, and the air temperature inside the heat exchanger rose from 20 to 40 degrees Celsius. Additionally, the flame behavior improved from being irregular and elongated with oscillations to becoming a uniform, compact, and controlled flame.
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    Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de quemador a gas de tubo radiante de doble paso sin regeneración para uso semi-industrial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-08) Cortez Palma, Anderson Steeven; Torres Tierra, Kevin Javier; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    In the present research, due to the problems that arise in the combustion deficiency of LPG in burners, the initiative was taken to design and build this prototype, to analyze and perform functional tests, for the collection of data necessary in the determination of the energy use of the burner. Information was collected on the various types of existing radiant tube burners, the characteristics of the materials they are manufactured, the design parameters, in such a way that the most appropriate option was selected based on criteria such as performance, cost, characteristic of the flame and the combustion mixture that exists between LPG and air, the prototype was made using advanced 3D design software, which allowed modeling its main components, in which the gas injector stands out. , the radiant tubes and the support structure for the prototype. The prototype was built with equipment such as GMAW welding, GTAW, plate bending machine, drill, cutter, among others, which allowed the union of the tubes, elbows and others. accessories for support. To measure the temperatures and gases in the radiant tubes in the operation tests, technological equipment was used such as: the thermographic camera, Bacharach Insight gas analyzer, pressure gauges and air velocity meters. As a result, thermodynamic calculations, heat transfer calculations, mechanical calculations and performance and efficiency calculations of the system were carried out, as well as its subsequent assembly.
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    Análisis de un sistema energético alternativo para el calentamiento de agua sanitaria en la compañía de economía mixta hotelera y turística Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-02) Gamboa Vargas, Luis Alberto; Gavilanes Martínez, Sebastián Raúl; López Velástegui, Jorge Enrique
    The experimental work is focused on mitigating the emission of greenhouse gases from the burning of Liquefied Petroleum Gas, while operating a Solar Thermal System (SST) that is nearing its useful life, since its installation dates back to 2013, so it is appropriate to consider new alternatives to reduce the environmental impact and supply the energy demand of 59,533.43 (kWh/year). For sanitary water heating, the operational percentage was calculated, the main system is (SST) same that covers 57 percent and the auxiliary system comprises the use of 4 heaters that cover 43 percent, in this sense, the historical data survey was performed during the period (2018-2023), because the hotel demand was directly affected by the pandemic of COVID-19, the data obtained were essential to raise the real situation of the hotel and as a result the study of the different alternatives of thermal generation for Sanitary Hot Water (SHW) was carried out. In order to mitigate the consumption of LPG, different alternatives were established to cover the energy demand: Solar Thermal Collectors, Condensing Gas Boilers and Heat Pump. Based on different configurations, it was determined that the most viable option is the Mixed System between Heat Pumps and Solar Thermal Collectors, because it meets the previously established energy demand and at the same time its operating cost is lower compared to the other proposals.
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    Análisis del suministro de energía para el calentamiento de agua sanitaria del hospital general Ambato (IESS)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Medina López, Patricio Camilo; López Velástegui, Jorge Enrique
    In the first phase of this study, the equipment that is part of the process for the heating of sanitary water in the machine room of the Hospital General Ambato IESS was identified. These components were classified according to their function, whether for the generation and distribution of steam and the exchanger, which is responsible for taking advantage of this fluid in order to add heat to the water that is then distributed to all the blocks of the institution. For the heating of the hospital's sanitary water, 35.526,152 gallons of Diesel No. 2 are required per year for steam generation. Calculations were made of the system losses during the most current period (April 2022 - July 2023) in order to identify any anomalies affecting the operation of the system, by analyzing numerical and quantifiable data. This resulted in an exchanger effectiveness of 41.46 percent. Thermal generation alternatives for sanitary hot water were proposed with the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuels, establishing four possible systems to cover the energy demand, which are: solar thermal collectors and heat pumps; solar thermal collectors and steam; heat pumps and finally the recovery of sensible heat from the dry gases of the boiler chimney, determining that the most viable option are heat pumps because they cover the calorific consumption required per year, additionally its return on investment is shorter compared to the other processes, because approximately in a year and a half the financing will be recovered.
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    Determinación de la eficiencia energética del sistema térmico de la casa de máquinas del Hospital General Ambato (IESS) usando la metodología propuesta por ISO 50001
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Salazar Aguilar, Jairo David; López Velástegui, Jorge Enrique
    For elaboration of this investigation, at first stage, components in machine room of the entity were identified. These elements are classified according to their sector: in generation, distribution and heat utilization equipment. Based on this, technical information about equipment installed in the place was collected. System losses were estimated according to the most recent period (December 2021 - March 2022), allowing to know anomalies that interfere in the operation of the environment in relation to numerical and quantifiable data. Similarly, financial costs were established about losses, reaching a value close to ten thousand dollars. The efficiency of the steam generator was evaluated at 84.67 percent (useful heat), distribution at 83.75 percent (harnessed heat) and heat exchanger at 42.43 percent. Improvement proposals were suggested that involve equipment cleaning based on maintenance periods, replacement of insulating materials and application of coating on specific surfaces, with the aim of raising the performance of the environment. Thus, the efficiency of the steam system would increase to 84.79 percent (harnessed heat) based on the recalculation with the suggested improvements. In addition, an annual saving of three thousand dollars was determined with a discount rate of 12 percent, with which the associated investment would be recovered in two years.
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    Auditoria energética en las instalaciones de la empresa mecánica Sánchez Hnos.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Ortíz Lescano, Alvaro Hernán; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos Mauricio
    The present technical project is focused on the energy study of the facilities of the company "Sánchez Hnos.", Taking into account rules and regulations that govern both in the country and in the international arena, which regulate and propose the limits for an efficient use of energy; analyzing points of interest such as: the quality of energy, the levels of lighting in the work environment, and the technology to be implemented to solve the problems related to energy consumption presented by the company. The project was carried out, with the lifting of information on machinery, lighting, electrical distribution and the energy situation represented by the installed loads, in addition the condition of the machinery was evaluated; the analysis of the quality of energy made evidenced the problems of the mechanics being the greatest concern the power factor of 0.4 registered, for which corrective measures are proposed for optimal performance. The data obtained after conducting inspections and measurements of the energy used, were useful to make proposals in favor of energy savings, with the adaptation of the energy management system, the selection of the capacitor bank to correct the power factor, implementation of the electric distribution board, the adaptation and replacement of luminaires in each section, you want to achieve energy efficiency, have a pleasant work environment and reduce the cost of electricity demand.
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    Auditoría energética de los laboratorios de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Velastegui Valdiviezo, Christian Germán; Paucar Samaniego, Mayra Alejandra
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    Auditoría energética de los edificios administrativo y docente de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, para disminuir el consumo de energía eléctrica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2015) Figueroa Barrionuevo, Edgar Antonio; López López, Germánico Adán
    El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, en donde se desarrolló el análisis energético de las instalaciones con el apoyo de normas técnicas ecuatorianas e internacionales para el control de los niveles de eficiencia energética en las instalaciones, calidad del suministro de energía eléctrica y niveles de iluminación. Para el diagnóstico del mismo, se realizó inicialmente una inspección visual de las instalaciones para conocer las condiciones técnico eléctrico y arquitectónico de las instalaciones, en donde fue necesario realizar el levantamiento de cargas instaladas en los edificios y el levantamiento de planos de instalaciones eléctricas de iluminación y tomacorrientes. Del análisis realizado se encontraron varias oportunidades de mejora, en donde para reducir los consumos de energía eléctrica, se propuso la instalación de un banco de capacitores en las acometidas de red para mejorar el factor de potencia del servicio eléctrico, readecuación del espacio físico de la Biblioteca, redistribución de los circuitos de iluminación, reemplazo de luminarias, instalación de sensores para encendido de luminaria, etc.
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    Estudio de parámetros de combustión en quemadores a gas de uso doméstico aplicando termografía y su incidencia en la eficiencia energética
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2015-02) Núñez Galarza, Diego Javier; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    La presente investigación se refiere al estudio de los parámetros de combustión en quemadores de GLP de uso doméstico, específicamente presión y caudal sobre la eficiencia energética aplicando termografía para utilizarlos en procesos útiles. El principal objetivo de nuestra investigación es analizar el efecto que provoca tanto la presión y caudal de GLP, en relación con la eficiencia energética aplicando técnicas termográficas para mediantes espectros visualizar una correcta área de trabajo. La investigación que comprende este proyecto es de nivel experimental y de tipo exploratorio; dentro de la misma se realizaron ensayos experimentales de variación de presión de GLP y variación de caudal de alimentación de GLP. Los datos recopilados se encuentran en tablas y están representadas gráficamente con puntos de dispersión entre todos los parámetros de estudio, a presiones de combustible de 1, 2, y 0,5 Psi donde se verifica en las imágenes termográficas que al tener mayor presión la llama se distorsiona provocando una caída de energía térmica. Finalmente en la propuesta se realizó el balance energético y tener un dato analítico de la eficiencia del sistema en conclusión se pudo verificar que el estudio termográfico realizado en el quemador de GLP disminuye tiempo y dinero, además se aprendió como realizar un análisis termográfico que es de vital importancia ya que son técnicas nuevas que se utilizan actualmente en la empresas para disminuir tiempos muertos.