Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de agua potable Santa Rita de la parroquia San Andrés del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Toalombo Pacheco, Eva Doménica; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThe present experimental work focuses on the evaluation of the Santa Rita drinking water treatment plant, in which theoretical guidelines, objectives, justifications and current regulations were used. This service benefits three sectors, making it the largest plant in the canton. In the first place, information was collected: the location, field visits and data from reports generated in the Píllaro GAD was collected, as well as a diagnosis of the operational status of the treatment units; the measurement of the influent and effluent flows was carried out during seven consecutive days; Analyzes of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the inlet and outlet water were carried out, for these analyzes all the collected water samples were carried out following the NTE INEN 2 176:1998 regulations, and for the transfer to the laboratories the regulation NTE INEN 2 169:1998, in a qualified laboratory. With the results obtained by the water analysis, we proceed to compare with the guidelines established in the TULSMA regulations and in the INEN 1108 regulations; and, also with a technical analysis on the dimensions in accordance with the regulated parameters, finally, viable alternatives are proposed, which generate a solution to the water treatment system, such as a sand removal tank and the dosage of coagulant material that is aluminum sulfate. and as well as the chlorine-gas dosage. The purpose of this evaluation is to protect the health of the people who receive the service, mitigating any disease and ensuring that the staffing is adequateItem Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Chinintahua parroquia de San Andrés, cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Rodas Segarra, Pablo Junior; Castro Solorzano, Fidel AlbertoThe main problem in society is water contamination, for this reason, in the present experimental work information was presented to determine the operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant located in the San Miguel de Chinintahua sector, said information gave to know if throughout its useful life the efficiency in the removal of contaminants within the wastewater has decreased or has been maintained. First, a topographical survey was carried out, in which all the hydraulic units were dimensioned; The measurement of the inlet and outlet flows of the WWTP was carried out by means of the volumetric method. Subsequent to this, composite samples were taken in the influent and effluent of the WWTP and a characterization analysis was carried out; then, the results were compared with the current regulations (TULSMA 2015), and the levels of pH, COD, BOD5, ST, SST, TDS that are below the limits allowed for the discharge of wastewater in bodies of water were obtained. sweet. A visual diagnosis was made to each hydraulic unit to detect failures that affect the treatment of wastewater. Finally, an operation and maintenance manual was implemented to comply with the correct operation of the WWTP, which included a metal cover for the sludge drying bed, and thus, increase the dewatering of residual sludge. Cleaning and maintenance measures were also incorporated for each hydraulic unit in the WWTP.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Jesús del Gran Poder de la parroquia Píllaro del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Galarza Mantilla, Elian Marcelo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoCurrently, one of the most important environmental problems and of great interest to society is wastewater without prior or adequate treatment, therefore, an experimental work was carried out to evaluate and determine whether the Wastewater Treatment Plant of the sector under study works optimally and meets the minimum parameters for removal of pollutants and pathogens. The evaluation of the WWTP was carried out with a field survey, in which the maximum inlet and outlet flow rates were determined, resulting in 1.27 lts/sec in the influent and 1.26 lts/sec in the effluent, in addition, the different hydraulic units were measured and diagnosed, responding correctly and complying with the parameters established in the design guides and manuals. With the results obtained, the physicochemical characteristics of the wastewater were analyzed, where it was verified that the basic parameters: pH, COD, BOD5, Suspended Solids and Total Solids comply with the established in the regulations, however there is the presence of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate that are not being removed, for which it is recommended the implementation of the species of Lechuguín "Eichhornia carssipes" in one of the upflow anaerobic filters, with the purpose of absorbing the excess nutrients through the roots of these plants. Finally, the use of an operation and maintenance plan and the implementation of a metal cover are recommended in order to better maintain the operation of the PTAR.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del barrio Cuicuno de la parroquia Guaytacama perteneciente al cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi – Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Arias Meneses, Jazmín Sthephany; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoThe evaluation of the Cuicuno neighborhood treatment plant is necessary because the WWTP presents an evident deterioration of the infrastructure, lack of functionality and odor problems, this is a fundamental process to ensure its operational efficiency, regulatory compliance and environmental sustainability. This periodic review will make it possible to identify areas for improvement, optimize processes and guarantee the quality of the treated effluent before it is discharged into the environment. The evaluation began with a detailed analysis of the plant and its infrastructure, including a review of the treatment equipment and systems that make up the WWTP, such as sand traps, biological filters, and septic tanks. Treatment capacity was evaluated based on current and projected demand to ensure that the plant is adequately sized. In addition, the efficiency of the treatment process was analyzed by measuring key parameters, laboratory tests and online monitoring are carried out to assess the performance of the WWTP. The assessment also included an analysis of compliance with local and national environmental standards and regulations. Compliance with various parameters such as BOD, COD, pH and heavy metals were obtained within the results, these results ensure that the effluent does not cause negative impacts on the receiving environment. In conclusion, it was possible to corroborate that the WWTP does work, but only partially. The results of the assessment will provide a roadmap for implementing improvements, ensuring that the plant continues to be a vital part of protecting the environment and public health.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales comunidad Pilco parroquia Rumipamba, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Villacís Miranda, Marco Antonio; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioThe present evaluation project was carried out to the Wastewater Treatment Plant of the sector under study, built in 2015, with the objective of verifying its efficient, adequate and quality operation in the treatment of wastewater. The technical-theoretical verification of the dimensions and physical elements of each of the units that make up the WWTP was performed, finding oversizing in the septic tank. With respect to the decontamination train, simple and composite samples were taken in situ to determine the physicochemical aspects of the wastewater entering and leaving the WWTP, these being indicators of the percentage of pollutant removal efficiency, the following being the highest pollutant load and non-compliance with the TULSMA 2015 regulations: BOD5, COD, Ammonia Nitrogen and Sulfides. In the land where the WWTP is located, an improvement plan was implemented for the conservation of the treatment units with maintenance, cleaning, and safety elements such as fences and signage. In addition, the construction of a metal structure cover is proposed to improve the processes in the sludge drying bed. In conclusion, to improve the efficiency of the Pilco community’s WWTP, it is necessary to carry out adequate maintenance, with the necessary frequency, on each of the treatment units, with the septic tank being the one most in need of control because it is oversized and poorly operated. This produces high emissions of pollutants into the water and the environment.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector La Merced de la parroquia Píllaro perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Amaguaña Moreta, Ronald Fabricio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoAn experimental study was carried out with the objective of determining whether the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is functioning adequately or whether its effectiveness in removing pollutants has decreased throughout its useful life. The evaluation of the WWTP began with the collection of information on the dimensions of the hydraulic units and the plant's inlet and outlet flow rates. Water samples were taken at the inlet and outlet of the WWTP and analyzed in an authorized laboratory. The results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the BOD5 and COD levels exceeded the limits allowed for wastewater discharge into freshwater bodies. Subsequently, each hydraulic unit was diagnosed and it was determined that they comply with the parameters established in the design guidelines and manuals for wastewater treatment plants. Finally, it is suggested to implement an operation and maintenance plan to guarantee the correct operation of the WWTP, which includes the implementation of a cover for the sludge drying bed and measures for each hydraulic unit.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad de Andahualo, perteneciente al cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Barros Manotoa, Klever Leonardo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoAn inadequate operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (PTAR) of the Andahualo community, in the Píllaro canton, causes the environment where the treated water is discharged to become contaminated, putting public health at risk and affecting the flora and fauna. fauna of the sector, it is for this reason that in the present experimental work the operation of the installation was evaluated, to determine if the WWTP purifies the residual water in optimal conditions. Through documentary research, the current status of the WWTP was verified and through field work, the inlet and outlet flow were measured for a month, additionally, samples of residual water from the influent and effluent were taken and sent to a qualified laboratory. For the analysis of the physical-chemical parameters of said samples, the results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 standard. In addition, a technical diagnosis of each stage of treatment of the plant was made, which includes screening grid, sand remover, UASB reactor, upflow biological filters and sludge drying, which made it possible to verify that the treatment plant is in optimal conditions to treat wastewater from the sector. Finally, recommendations were proposed that will allow the plant to improve its operation.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Cardo Santo de la parroquia San Andrés perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Ortega Liquinchano, Oscar Vinicio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoAn experimental work was carried out with the objective of determining if the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is working properly or if its efficiency in the removal of pollutants has decreased throughout its useful life. The evaluation of the WWTP began with the collection of on-site information on the dimensions of the decontamination hydraulic units and the plant's inlet and outlet flow rates. Wastewater samples were taken at the inlet and outlet of the WWTP and a characterization analysis was performed in an authorized laboratory. The results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the levels of pH, COD, BOD5, Suspended Solids and Total Solids are under the maximum limits allowed for wastewater discharge into freshwater bodies. Subsequently, each hydraulic unit was diagnosed, determining that they comply with the parameters established in the design guidelines and manuals for wastewater treatment plants. Finally, it is suggested to implement an operation and maintenance plan to maintain and optimize the correct operation of the WWTP, which includes a cover for each sludge drying bed in order to increase its dehydration and final disposal of the residual sludge, in addition, it includes cleaning and care measures for each hydraulic decontamination unit.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Quebrada Callate de la parroquia Presidente Urbina del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Altamirano Nuñez, Jaime Fabricio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoIn order to evaluate the state of operation of the Callate wastewater treatment plant in the Presidente Urbina parish in the Píllaro canton, inaugurated 6 years ago, it continues to comply with the parameters for the removal of contaminants and pathogens. The evaluation of the WWTP was carried out in 5 stages where information was collected using a documentary method to obtain information on the location, social and economic activity of the sector, the dimensions of the existing treatment units, a volumetric measurement of the inflow and outflow during a period of 30 days and a chemical analysis that evaluated the characteristics of the wastewater. Based on the data obtained, it was diagnosed that the Quebrada Callate sector WWTP currently receives an inflow of 4.67 lts/s, and that all of its treatment train units are well sized. It was evaluated that the plant is not working optimally because the COD and suspended solids parameters exceed the limits established by the TULSMA standard. For this reason, measures were established so that the WWTP can operate effectively. An improvement plan was implemented, including a detailed manual for maintenance and operation, as well as the implementation of an additional wastewater treatment unit and a cover for the sludge drying bed. A reference budget of $20582.60 was obtained for the measures implemented.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia Quisapincha, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Toro Silva, Valeria Patricia; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierIn order to determine whether the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the Quisapincha parish is currently working properly or whether its efficiency in the removal of pollutants has been reduced over the years, a survey of information was carried out to measure the units of the treatment train, the volumetric capacity of the plant's inlet and outlet tanks, the analysis of physical-chemical parameters in the laboratory and the technical diagnosis of each process. The operation of the plant's unit processes was evaluated, which are: Screening, sedimentation and flow sharing tank, biological filter of “lechuguines”, upflow anaerobic filter and sludge drying tank, demonstrating that they work correctly in comparison with guides and manuals for the design of treatment plants; and the outflow affluent complies with the TULSMA standard for discharges into freshwater bodies. After analyzing the information, it was concluded that it is not necessary to implement new processes within the WWTP; however, recommendations were proposed for the system to work better.