Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ANÁLISIS ESTÁTICO

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    Diseño y construcción de una prótesis de mano derecha con amputación de falanges producida mediante impresión 3D
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2025-02) Coba Ronquillo, Emily Anahí; Guerra Chiquito, Karla Abigail; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    The design of a functional 3D printed prosthesis focuses on meeting the specific needs of people with partial amputations of the right hand. To ensure controlled and realistic movement, a four-bar mechanism was implemented, configured in a dual system for the four main fingers and a single mechanism for the thumb, this approach ensures that the prosthesis accurately mimics the natural movements of the human hand, providing a functional and customised solution. Each component of the prototype was developed through a comprehensive process based on position and trajectory calculations including CAD drawing in specialised software, which is based on a graphical synthesis of mechanisms allowing the creation of parts with precise geometries and adjusted to the anatomical characteristics of the user. Subsequently, the design was evaluated by means of finite element simulations through a static analysis under the loads generated in each articulated joint, in which the structural resistance and the correct functioning of the mechanism under different conditions of use were verified. 3D printing, as the main manufacturing method, presented significant advantages in terms of customisation, cost reduction and production times. The selected material, PETG, stood out for its strength, flexibility and durability, essential characteristics to withstand the stresses and repetitive movements of the prototype. This integrated approach combines advanced design and simulation technology with the efficiency of additive manufacturing, achieving a practical, accessible and adaptable device for the end user.
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    Análisis comparativo de una estructura habitacional con diagonales excéntricas y una estructura sin diagonales excéntricas, ante una solicitación sísmica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Salazar Gamboa, Alvaro Napoleón; Frías Torres, Alex Xavier
    The main objective of this research work was the comparative analysis of a housing structure under seismic stress, taking as a reference point the urban area of Ambato, capital city of the province of Tungurahua, where the building under study is located. A specialized software was used for the modeling and design of the structure, as well as the guidelines of the Ecuadorian construction standard NEC-SE-DS 2015 and ANSI/AISC 360 and 341, respectively. The results obtained were satisfactory with respect to drifts and deflections, according to the configuration in columns, beams and diagonals it was not necessary to redesign the sections of the structural elements. Regarding the analysis, it should be noted that both the structure without eccentric braced frame and the structure with eccentric braced frame obtained an adequate behavior, with drifts of less than 2 percent that comply with the stipulations of the standard, but a notable difference was evidenced in the sections of both columns and beams, obtaining a 45.88 percent reduction in the weight of the structural elements. In the structure with eccentric braced frame, the drifts were maintained within the established limits for this typology according to the NEC with the inclusion of some diagonals, which helped to improve the behavior, reducing considerably the different sections of the structural elements, thus lightening the structure, achieving a balance and avoiding torsional effects in the floor plan, as well as allowing compliance with the maximum floor drifts that limit seismic damage. It was concluded that the structure with eccentric braced frame presents a better lateral resistance to the action of an earthquake due to the addition of the diagonals, which are responsible for redistributing the lateral forces within the building, lightening the structure and considerably reducing the weight of the elements and the consumption of materials.
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    Comparación de la respuesta sísmica entre pórticos especiales a momento y pórticos arriostrados excéntricamente, en un edificio de acero de 10 pisos, en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Aleaga Del Salto, Luis Alfonso; Guevara Robalino, Jorge Javier
    Ecuador is a country of high seismic danger; therefore, the calculation of structures will always be a challenge for engineers since every day new advances in science and technology emerge, making it possible to predict the behavior of a building in extreme events such as earthquakes; in this work the Ceinci-Lab Computer System has been used, which allowed to perform analysis and design of structures step by step obtaining clear and accurate results. The objective of this research is to compare the seismic response between special moment frames and eccentrically braced frames in a 10-story steel building. A simple and regular structural configuration was used to obtain a better seismic performance of all the components of the system. Subsequently, the seismicresistant analysis of the frames was carried out with the different structural configurations proposed in the Ceinci-Lab computer program, using the linear modal spectral and static equivalent analysis for its resolution and complying with the guidelines established in the Ecuadorian construction standard and international codes; finally, it was determined that the building composed of eccentric diagonals had a better seismic response than the one composed of moment resisting frames, obtaining lower displacements and floor drifts; It was also verified that the demand versus capacity of each system is optimal, thus ensuring a strong column - weak beamxvii behavior; additionally, a nonlinear pushover analysis was performed to determine the real maximum resistance of the structure and the performance of all its components; therefore, it is essential to consider the use of bracing in the structural configuration of medium-rise buildings, especially with short link elements, since they act as energy dissipaters, improving the stiffness and global response of the system in severe earthquakes.
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    Evaluación estructural estática y dinámica del muelle marítimo ubicado en la Base Naval Sur Guayas, en la ciudad de Guayaquil
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-06) Frías Córdova, Christian Fabián; Cevallos Cabrera, Jorge Washington
    The present qualification work consists of a quantitative evaluation in order to know the behavior of the service pier after the impact received by the vessel M.H. HUALCOPO. Once the field information was collected, it was found that the pier had several damages, being the most dangerous the cracks and fissures in the inverted T-beam and the piles that support it, in the same way it was found that there is detachment of the coating in several areas of the pier and a great amount of rust present in the places where the reinforcing steel is exposed. Once the visual inspection was carried out, a sclerometric test was performed, where it was verified that the resistance of the piles decreased considerably in comparison to the resistance obtained through the studies carried out by the naval entity some time ago. Once all the field information had been compiled, as well as the structural and architectural drawings, the numerical model of the pier was made to perform the corresponding static and dynamic analyses, where it was verified that the structure behaved very badly under seismic stresses, mainly generating excessive periods and drifts. Subsequently, a Pushover analysis of each of the pier's frames was performed based on the displacements produced at the moment of impact by the ship, finding that the performance of the aforementioned frames is higher than the collapse prevention performance, which is consistent with the visual inspection of each of them. The studies carried out showed that the service pier has a very poor performance under dynamic stresses and a reinforcement would result in an excessively high cost due to the level of performance it presents, the poor structural configuration for the site where it is located and the advanced degree of deterioration it ha
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    Análisis estructural del desempeño sísmico del edificio del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la parroquia Picaihua, ubicado en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-01) Tenesaca Palate, Damaris Esther; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes Gabriela
    For the present investigation, qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out in order to evaluate the seismic performance of the building of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Picaihua parish. The qualitative analysis was performed through rapid visual evaluation applying the methodologies proposed by the FEMA 154 and NEC 2015 standards, whose qualification parameters are based on the characteristics of the building, structural system, soil type, irregularity in plan and elevation, and problems of pounding with adjacent structures. The results obtained were 1.5 and 3.3, respectively, which show that the structure has low seismic vulnerability. In the quantitative method, linear analysis and nonlinear static analysis (Pushover) were performed using ETABS 2018 software. With the results obtained from these analyses, it was determined that the structure presents torsion in plan, excessive drifts higher than the maximum allowed of 2 percent, deficient response capacity before the different levels of seismic hazard, especially in the case of a very rare earthquake where the building collapses completely, thus requiring reinforcement. Once the shortcomings of the structure were identified, a global reinforcement was proposed, consisting of the implementation of shear walls to provide greater flexibility, correct torsion and excessive drifts. With the implementation of the shear walls, the linear and nonlinear static analysis was performed again, proving that the reinforcement allowed improving the performance of the structure, obtaining a vibration period of 0.489sec, drifts lower than 2 percent, from the Demand/Capacity check of the columns, values lower than the maximum allowed of 1 were obtained, there is no torsion in plan, thus complying with the checks established by the current standards and reaching a performance level of collapse prevention for a very rare earthquake.
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    Análisis estructural del desempeño sísmico del edificio de la Facultad de Diseño, Arquitectura y Artes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato mediante la medición de vibraciones
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-09) Tamay Tixe, Pamela Estefanía; Suquillo Ronquillo, Betzabeth Jessenia
    In this research project, a qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out to determine the vulnerability of the Design, Architecture and Arts building of the Technical University of Ambato. For the execution of the qualitative analysis, the methodology proposed by the International Standard FEMA 154, and the Ecuadorian Regulation NEC 2015 was used, a quick visual inspection was carried out, and through the matrices, the degree of seismic vulnerability of the structure was determined, where the classified the structure with a high seismic vulnerability, the most relevant parameters for the classification were: the structural system, the irregularities in plan and elevation, the type of soil and problems of knocking with adjacent structures. For the quantitative analysis, the Etabs software was used, with the collected data the linear analysis was performed to know the structural behavior, where it was shown that they do not comply with the current standard, later a non-linear static analysis was carried out with the ATC-methodologies. 40 and FEMA-440, where it was observed that the structure under study does not have sufficient capacity to reach different levels of seismic threat. A proposal for global structural reinforcement using shear walls was made to incorporate rigidity, considerably improving its behavior and complying with the checks established in the NEC 2015 standard, an analysis of environmental vibrations obtained by empirical formulas was incorporated and thus related to the degree of structure vulnerability.
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    Elementos finitos de los análisis por el método de contenedores de residuos, para verificar su resistencia mecánica según los ensayos descritos en la norma UNE-en 12574-2, en la empresa ECUAMATRIZ CIA LTDA
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Pomaquero Pinda, Gustavo Genaro; Núñez Núñez, Diego Fernando
    The present experimental work aims to verify the mechanical strength of the containers manufactured by the company ECUAMATRIZ CIA LTDA. using the finite element method, based on the tests described in the UNE EN 12574-2 standard due to the need to check the criteria established by said regulations. Within the tests examined, the following are mentioned: the ballistic impact, nominal load resistance test, lateral impact test, frontal impact, corners, and fatigue analysis due to the elevation of the container, each of them being governed by the specifications within UNE EN 12574-2. Initially, a simulation model is generated by selecting a material model according to the mechanical properties of galvanized steel A 653. By means of the ballistic test deformation profiles with an average of 1.55 mm were obtained, with which the model validation was carried out. simulation obtaining a maximum error of 11% and a minimum of 7%. For the impact test of faces and corners, an inclined surface was used inside the Ecuamatriz facilities according to kinematic calculations, the impact distances were established so that the speeds corresponded to the required in the norm, obtaining a zero deformation for the real test while in the simulation a maximum plastic deformation of 0.06 was obtained in a time of 0.13 s. For the practical part of the elevation test, the dimensions determined by the UNE EN 12574-1 were used, with which, we can verify the variation of the functional dimensions have a maximum error of 1.18%, within the simulation the container resists 1e6 cycles for both cases of study.
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    Análisis del diseño por el método de elementos finitos de una cuchilla de corte, para la obtención de tiras de caña guadua (bambú)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2016) Vacacela Miranda, Wilmo Marlon; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos Mauricio
    research is based on simulation by the finite element method of a cutting blade for obtain strip of guadua cane (bamboo), through software ANSYS Workbench LS-DYNA, to guarantee if the desing of the cutting blade perform the main features to wich they were made for. When performing dynamic analysis to verify the cutting blade relative to the guadua cane (bamboo), we proceeded to determine the mechanical properties of the guadua cane (bamboo), in order to obtain the main characteristics of such material and to get trustworthy data to be admitted to the software, moreover, data from the cutting blade material were selected from catalog, being a relevant information in the present research. Static simulations were conductec with both materials of the selected cut blade taking into account the angle of the cutting edge, concave and convex geometries in order to get the most feasible model, then a dynamic analysis determined the best desing with this parameters.