Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ALUMINOSILICATOS

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    Estudio de la correlación de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de aluminosilicato de la cordillera Chongón-Colonche como sustituto parcial del cemento
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Viteri Acosta, Alvaro Daniel; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza Elizabeth
    The cement industry is responsible for producing tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and is one of the industries that generates the most pollution on the planet. Currently, supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) have been studied to help reduce this problem, one of them are aluminosilicates, better known as natural zeolites. In this work, data was compiled from previous works done by authors of the institution of characterization of physical properties such as density, fineness, specific surface and also morphological and chemical properties such as microscopy, determination of elements and oxides present in GU and IP cement, and some samples of the Chongón-Colonche mountain range aluminosilicates which are ZA, ZZ, ZI, ZV, ZX, ZCr, ZC, ZR and ZCa. Data was also collected at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days and mechanical properties such as compressive strength, indirect tensile strength and water penetration under pressure of concrete specimens with partial substitution of ZZ aluminosilicate in percentages of 10, 15 and 20 per cent were tested at 267 days, for the preparation of dynamic tables and graphs that serve us for a better analysis of the properties. The best aluminosilicate ZZ partial substitution is 15 per cent for concretes that don't require high strengths because at 28 days the compressive strength reaches 18.6 MPa and for concretes that need impermeability because at more aluminosilicate substitution the depth of water penetration decreases, at more time lapse mechanical properties are better.
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    Análisis de aluminosilicatos como material de sustitución parcial del cemento tipo GU en la construcción
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-02) Yanchaguano Toapanta, Doris Verónica; Coello Fiallos, Diana Carolina
    In this work, the study of physical, chemical, and mechanical properties was carried out, mainly encompassing density and fineness, applying the INEN 0156 and INEN 0489 standards respectively with Natural Zeolite samples: ZR, ZC collected from rock of the Mina Zeonatec and ZCa obtained from the Calmosacorp S.A. processor, as well as from the CGU cement. The results obtained from the tests carried out with respect to density show values of 2.304, 2.330, 2.339 and 3.075 grams per cubic centimeter, in the same way the results of finesse 99.83, 99.71, 99.87 and 99.95 percent with zeolites ZR, ZCa, ZC, and CGU respectively are presented. With chemical characterization morphology was obtained by SEM, where in the analysis they showed similarity between samples, especially when analyzing SEM images of the CGU and ZC samples, where the shape of the crystals are angular polyhedral with superficially fine sizes and mostly flat grains. The EDS analysis is also known for the concentration of chemical elements that make up each of the samples studied and the silicon-aluminum ratio contained in such samples, thus outstanding the Si/Al ratio of ZCa with a value of 4.52 dimensionless which represents better concentration than the same CGU with 3.4. Zeolites with better properties were compared, concluding that zeolite ZC presents conditions suitable for replacement by CGU since both density, fineness and morphological characterization showed results close to cement.
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    Análisis comparativo de las propiedades físicas de aluminosilicatos en relación con el cemento puzolánico tipo IP
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-02) Ramos Peñafiel, Ramiro Fabian; Medina Robalino, Wilson Santiago
    The present investigation was initiated with the acquisition of natural zeolite in rock and sprayed in different deposits, for this investigation the classification of zeolite was determined according to ASTM C 618, the material used is a natural puzolana. Subsequently, manual and mechanical crushing of this mineral was continued until the desired fineness was obtained; The tests necessary for the characterization of the physical properties of IP-type cement and natural zeolite were then carried out, and the determination of the actual density of cement and zeolite was started as indicated in ASTM C 188 - NTE INEN 156. The test was then carried out to determine the fineness of these materials by dry sieving using the 150 microns sieve (No. 100) following the procedure of NTE INEN 489. To perform the chemical analysis Electronic Scanning Microscopy and X-ray scattering spectroscopy (SEM, EDS) of IP-type cement and natural zeolite, powder samples were taken from each material, This allows me to determine its morphology and components at an energy of 15 kilo electron boy (keV) with a level in detail of 2000 increases and in high vacuum mode (HV). The results obtained from the physical and chemical properties show the feasibility of this mineral (aluminosilicates) as a material with interesting cementing characteristics to partially replace cement.
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    Estudio comparativo de las propiedades físicas de aluminosilicatos del cantón Guayaquil para sustitución parcial del cemento portland IP
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-01) Fernández Álvarez, Ramiro Paul; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza Elizabeth
    Since cement is a natural or artificial material present in almost all the buildings in the world, it is normal to say that it is the consumer of large amounts of natural resources and emitter of carbon dioxide, so there is a need to find a substitute of cement for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. In the Civil Engineering laboratories, the physical (morphology, density, grain size, fineness) and chemical properties of the aluminosilicates ZA, ZI, ZZ (zeolites) of the canton of Guayaquil were compared with those of Selva Alegre IP cement. Apply the density test using the NTE INEN-156 standard, obtaining values of ZZ equal to 2,514, ZI equal to 2,485, and ZA equal to 2,445 grams on cubic centimeter by pycnometer calibration and other values of ZZ equal to 2,353, ZI equal at 2,233, and ZA equal to 2,408 grams per cubic centimeter at room temperature, which indicate that the density of the zeolite is very variable. I present the final percentages of fineness according to NTE INEN-489 of the samples of ZZ equal to 99.51, ZA equal to 99.04, ZI equal to 99.35, which are optimal in constructions and are compared with the percentage of IP cement equal to 99.72, grinding and granulometric graphs are also presented as an additional contribution to the investigation. On the other hand, the morphological and chemical characterization is indicated, by microscopy, the EDS showed a homogeneous distribution of elements of the zeolites with respect to the cement, but a heterogeneous quantity in percentages of each element. Defined cubic crystalline structures and other amorphous forms with dimensions from 1 to 20 microns were observed in the SEM of IP cement, differing from ZZ, ZI, ZA that presented crystals with irregular surfaces and undefined, elongated and polyhedral structures with dimensions ranging from 1 to 50 microns. The final results of the physical and chemical tests show the feasibility of using these aluminosilicates as a material with potential cementing characteristics to be a substitute for Selva Alegre IP Portland cement.