Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Resistencia a la compresión del hormigón simple fabricado con agregado grueso reciclado y catalizador agotado de craqueo catalítico fluidizado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Navas Vásconez, Daniela Sthefany; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioToday, the construction industry is looking for more efficient, profitable and sustainable practices. This experimental study investigates the fabrication of plain concrete using recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and spent fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst, a byproduct of petroleum refining, to evaluate its compressive strength and viability as a sustainable alternative. This study combined theoretical and experimental approaches. The theoretical phase included an exhaustive review of the literature to establish testing methodologies. In the experimental phase, 45 concrete specimens with a strength of 240 kilograms/square centimeters were manufactured, using 100 percent recycled coarse aggregate (RCG) and different proportions in replacement of fine aggregate with spent fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst.) at 5, 10, and 15 percent. These specimens were subjected to compression resistance tests at the ages of 7, 14 and 28 days in accordance with the NTE INEN-1573 regulations. Finally, the results showed that the replacement of 5, 10, and 15 percent FCC in replacement of fine aggregate, together with 100 percent AGR, did not improve the compressive strength of concrete compared to mixtures without FCC and did not reach the expected design strength for conventional concrete. This suggests that although the use of AGR and FCC can improve certain concrete properties, mixing proportions and methods need to be optimized to meet the required strength standards.Item Resistencia a la compresión del hormigón simple fabricado con agregado fino proveniente de hormigones reciclados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Salinas Freire, Bryan Paúl; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe integration of recycled materials in the manufacture of concrete is presented as a viable alternative to mitigate the environmental impact of the construction industry. In this study, we seek to determine the optimal percentage of substitution of recycled fine aggregate in concrete in place of natural fine aggregate, focus ing on evaluating its impact on compressive strength. The recycled material was obtained from a crushing process of laboratory specimens, sidewalk debris and curbs; both recycled aggregate and natural aggregates were subjected to analysis according to INEN standards, then the design of concrete dosages of 210 kg/cm2 and 240 kg/cm2 was carried out using the Optimal Density Method developed by the Central University of Ecuador. Subsequently, reference specimens were prepared using natural materials to compare their resistance with specimens in which the natural fine aggregate was replaced by recycled fine aggregate in percentages of 10, 15, 30, 30, 60 and 100 percent. The results show that there is a decrease in the compressive strength as the percentage of recycled fine aggregate increases. However, it is observed that replacement percentages of 10 to 30 percent can provide acceptable compressive strengths. This highli ghts the potential of recycled materials for concrete manufacturing as a promising solution to reduce environmental impact, provided that their limitations are considered.Item Estudio comparativo de la resistencia a flexión de vigas convencionales con vigas reforzadas con resina poliester liquida(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020-10) Chugchilan Chimborazo, Nelson Hermógenes; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioThe present research work consists of working with different conventional concretes and replacing the fine aggregate materials and water with similar amounts of liquid polyester resin. Then, it is expected that with these new polymer concretes the flexural strength will increase. In order to establish the dosages of conventional concrete, the A.C.I. method was used, additionally it was corroborated with laboratory tests for each of the stony materials, the tests carried out were: granulometry test, apparent density, compacted and loose, real density, capacity absorption, real density of the cement and the concrete slump test. With the specimens the compression test was carried out at 7, 14 and 21 days after curing, thus obtaining the strengths of 210, 240 and 280 kilograms per square centimeter. In addition, the resin helps conventional concrete to improve its chemical and mechanical properties, thus forming polymeric concrete. After that, with the new concrete obtained, the flexural strength test was carried out with a load applied to thirds of the span in each of the manufactured beams. Finally, using the Mander and Park method, the calculation of the MomentCurvature diagram of each beam of both normal and polymeric concrete was carried out, to perform an analysis of each of the curves obtained and establish that there is an increase in resistance to the flexion when working with resin since the modulus of rupture is higher compared to that of the other specimens.Item Análisis comparativo de las propiedades mecánicas de un hormigón hidráulico (TIPO GU) de F´C = 240 kg/cm2 con diferentes dosificaciones de silicato de sodio y nanosílice utilizando agregados de la mina Santa Isabel ubicado en la via Shell – madre tierra, ciudad de Puyo – provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020-10) Caiza Yungán, Jefferson Raúl; Suquillo Ronquillo, Betzabeth JesseniaThis paper has been carried out in order to determine the influence of sodium silicate and nanosilica as partial substitutes for cement on the compressive strength of concrete and its performance in the mix design. Initially it was carried out the analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of the stone aggregates from the Santa Isabel Mine located on the Shell - Madre Tierra road in Puyo city, Pastaza Province, from which good results were obtained that comply with NTE INEN and ASTM standards. After an investigation of these two additions, the standard concrete dosage of compressive strength of 240 kilograms per square centimeter was carried out, and it was used as a reference for partially replacing the cement with sodium silicate in concentrations at 4 per cent, 8 per cent and 12 per cent and nanosilica at 1 per cent, 3 per cent and 5 per cent. The respective specimens were prepared with each of the additions and tested for compression at 7, 14 and 28 days. It was determined that the optimum addition of sodium silicate was 8 per cent and of nanosilica was 3 per cent with compressive strengths of 276.58 kilograms per square centimeter and 355.31 kilograms per square centimeter respectively, both measured at 28 days, denoting a considerable increase in compressive strength from the reference value. After analyzing the variables of resistance, settlement, consistency and workability, it was determined that the best performing addition and with economic savings in construction is the addition with 3 per cent of nanosilica.Item La adición de botellas plásticas PET en la elaboración de bloques alivianados para viviendas unifamiliares y su efecto en la variación de temperatura y acondicionamiento acústico en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Paguay Córdova, Edison Andrés; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierThe present investigation has been carried out with the purpose of knowing the influence that the blocks of work with the plastic have with the temperature and the acoustic conditioning in the middle of a hermetic chamber; for what was done and a dosage was elaborated applying the Optima Density Method for the elaboration of Type B blocks according to the NTE INEN 3066 standard, which served as the basis to elaborate the other dosages with the addition of 15, 25, 50 and 75% of PET plastic replacing the coarse aggregate (Chasqui) and later elaborated type walls of 1.00 mx 0.70 m. As it increases the percentage addition of PET material, the resistance to compression decreases by 4, 12, 30 and 50%, however it is still superior to the traditional artisan block; On the other hand, the more the PET material is added, the better the thermal and acoustic variation in relation to a traditional block and block wall, indicating that the correct addition of the PET material has a significant influence on the temperature control and sound insulation in the environments of a dwelling by not allowing the passage of heat and noise from one environment to another; being the best specimen resulting from the thermal tests the wall made with block with 50% PET and the block wall with 75% PET for the acoustic test.Item Análisis de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón al reemplazar parcialmente el agregado fino por escoria siderúrgica de horno eléctrico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Laica Fernández, Darío Javier; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza ElizabethThe objective of the experimental work was to analyze the results obtained through tests of the ZHIMADZU compression machine, model CONCRETO 2000X for specimens of 100mm diameter by 200mm height with partial substitutions of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of fine aggregate by steel slag for ages of 14, 28 and 60 days of age in addition to undergoing death and death by 60 days of age, to determine how it influences the resistance to compression. In order to carry out the concrete tests, the analysis of the aggregates in the elaboration of the concrete for the design of the mixture with a density of 240 kg / cm2 was used, reaching to determine the granulometry, the loose bulk density, the compacted bulk density, Relative density and absorption capacity as described in Standards NTE INEN 696, 858, 856, 857 and 156. Once the appropriate dosage was made, 96 specimens were prepared for their designs. The specimens were processed to perform the compression tests at 14, 28 and 60 days of age, obtaining information on how to influence the steel slag in the compressive strength in cement in its different percentages of magnesium sulfate replacement. MgSO4, under the criterion of ACI318-14, where it was possible to notice the disintegration of the cement paste, the increase in its dimensions, the appearance of microcracks and a great loss of resistance after having been subjected to cycles of immersion, drying and cooling in magnesium sulfate.