Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis de resistencia a la compresión en columnas de hormigón armado elaborado con materiales reciclados(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Matías Sebastian Shambi Ortiz; Wilson Santiago Medina RobalinoThis experimental study aimed to evaluate the structural behavior of reinforced concrete columns incorporating recycled materials, specifically by partially replacing fine aggregate with 5% spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC) and coarse aggregate with 20% recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). The performance of these columns was then compared to columns made with conventional aggregates. A quantitative approach was developed through three main phases: physical characterization of the materials (sand, gravel, RCA, and FCC), design and fabrication of reinforced concrete columns with three types of mixtures (conventional, with RCA, and with FCC), and compression testing of the columns. The specimens were designed as columns measuring 15×15×100 cm, reinforced with four longitudinal steel bars of 7 mm diameter and 4 mm stirrups. The design considered the 20-ton capacity limit of the testing machine under axial compression. The characterization results indicated that the natural aggregates met normative requirements, whereas the RCA showed a lower density (2241.99 kg/m³) and higher water absorption (2.64%), attributed to its porosity. The FCC also presented high porosity but with acceptable particle size distribution. To ensure the quality of the concrete, control cylinders were prepared and tested at 7 and 28 days. These samples reached an average compressive strength of 252.74 kg/cm², within the expected experimental margin (±5%) for a target design strength of 240 kg/cm². The nominal axial strength of the designed column section was calculated at 53.37 Tn, with a design strength of 27.30 Tn, indicating that failure would not occur during testing due to equipment limitations. Under testing, the maximum load applied by the compression machine was 20 Tn. The measured strain values were 0.005 mm/mm for the natural aggregate columns, 0.003 mm/mm for those with 5% FCC, and 0.002 mm/mm for those with 20% RCA. These results show reduced ductility for the recycled material columns, as lower strain corresponds to more brittle behavior. It was concluded that the incorporation of FCC and RCA tends to reduce ductility despite increasing strain capacity. Therefore, further research using more robust testing equipment is recommended to validate the feasibility of applying recycled aggregates in reinforced concrete columns with greater reliability