Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Diseño de un dispositivo médico de asistencia respiratoria no invasiva en humanos para el tratamiento de afecciones causadas por la Covid 19
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Freire Ortiz, Steven Joel; Infante Núñez, Carlos Sebastián; Núñez Núñez, Diego Fernando
    The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the healthcare system worldwide, resulting in a high number of mortalities due to the lack of adequate resources to treat this disease. Although the pandemic has been considered to be over, many people have been left with sequelae and respiratory ailments following COVID- 19, which include pneumonia, chronic lung disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, among others. In order to improve the original device, a prototype has been developed based on the UCL Ventura CPAP model, designed in London. To achieve this, the internal geometry of the device was obtained and various simulations were carried out using specialized CFD analysis software, as well as corresponding functional tests. As a result, the original UCL Ventura device has been optimized, reducing its weight by 45 percent and obtaining a maximum value of 96.3 percent oxygen concentration at the outlet. As for the construction of the prototype, it was made by 3D printing with liquid resin model Tough 2000 used in engineering applications for its excellent physical and mechanical properties. The idea of creating the prototype in 3D printing is due to the ease of making different changes in the model and thus determine an optimal design that meets the respiratory requirements of the patient, however, due to the chemical components of the resin with which the prototype was printed, a medical grade resin should be used for the construction and use in patients with respiratory problems.
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    Diseño y construcción del prototipo de un dispositivo mecánico generador de flujo con presión positiva CPAP como alternativa en el tratamiento de pacientes con covid 19 en el contexto ecuatoriano
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Molina Cabrera, Katherine Victoria; Sánchez León, Christian Vicente; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
    The disease caused by COVID-19 has caused an impact worldwide, changing the daily routine to a completely different lifestyle and requiring a rapid medical response, for this reason, through the research project belonging to the DIDE-UTA called " SAMAY UTA - UCL CPAP” have adapted and innovated, through reverse engineering, the construction of a non-invasive ventilatory support device. For the reverse engineering process, we started with a CAD replica of the original model developed by the University College of London called "UCL VENTURA" that served as an initial pattern to carry out an analysis that includes the analysis of its operation; Then it was determined which components are in order to identify those that must undergo major changes, both dimensional and material. Once these elements had been identified (oxygen inlet and support) by means of the software design analysis, they proceeded with their resizing and calculations of the necessary tightening moment to place the valves and flow inlet and outlet elements. Finally, by means of CAM machining, the prototype was manufactured and through functional tests a more economical, small and easy-to-handle device was obtained, whose oxygen pressure at the inlet is four bars and at its outlet it delivers a positive pressure of up to 20 mmH2O that enters the airways through an oronasal mask, this prototype has similar characteristics to the original device but adapted to the Ecuadorian context
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    Análisis del flujo de fluidos en un dispositivo mecánico generador de flujo con presión positiva (CPAP) usado como alternativa en el tratamiento de pacientes con covid 19 mediante fluidodinámica computacional CFD
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Mamarandi Ángulo, Kevin Xavier; Vargas Pacheco, Lisbeth Alejandra; Núñez Núñez, Diego Fernando
    This research aims to be a solution to the health problem that is occurring nationally and globally, due to the pandemic caused by covid-19, which has caused millions of deaths; thus, a CPAP device called "UCL Ventura CPAP" was developed in the United Kingdom, which is the starting point of the research work. A redesign of the device was carried out using Ansys Fluent software, in which the internal behavior of the device was analyzed to obtain the best operating conditions and also to optimize resources in the final manufacture, but without affecting the correct performance of the device. Once the results of the redesign in Ansys Fluent were satisfactory, the first physical prototype was made in Nylon, which was helpful to take several data that will serve for the comparison of results; then, after correcting the errors in the initial prototype, the final prototype was built in Polyacetal which is a medical grade material. Subsequently, performance tests on a test bench validated the physical prototype with the results obtained in the computational analysis, thus the new device met the performance requirements. The new device proved to be reliable and the results of the performance tests showed that the device will be able to work under the conditions required by the patients, always delivering the correct amount of oxygen.