Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Desarrollo de una metodología para el análisis del flujo del viento en terreno complejo en Los Andes Ecuatorianos mediante CFD(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-08) Mera Zúñiga, Javier Alejandro; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThe objective of this work is to capture a detailed procedure that allows the approximate CFD simulation of the behavior of wind flow in complex terrain, as well as the evaluation of different wind variables in a given area. For this process, the data acquired in the previous research called “Study of wind flow in complex terrain using CFD computational fluid dynamics for the location of a wind turbine in the Chimborazo National Park” was taken as a starting point, in addition to the Wind Atlas of the Ecuador generated by the Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy, which allowed the identification of the areas with the greatest wind potential in the country. Once the work area was established, the contour lines were generated for the creation of a closed solid surface where a meshing process was established, in addition to assigning the necessary boundary conditions to proceed with the setup configuration where they were assigned. variables such as: the state of the simulation, the fluid viscosity model, the program calculation method, among others. Finally, it was possible to visualize the results obtained on the variables assigned by the user within the processing section, from the simulation of the program. At the conclusion of the CFD simulation of the computer program, each of the activities carried out in the course of this project, were placed in a general and detailed manner within a procedure format that consists in addition to the tasks, the responsible, resources, evidence and verification of the activity, as well as were generated records of activities to maintain the control of the same.Item Diseño de un dispositivo médico de asistencia respiratoria no invasiva en humanos para el tratamiento de afecciones causadas por la Covid 19(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Freire Ortiz, Steven Joel; Infante Núñez, Carlos Sebastián; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThe Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the healthcare system worldwide, resulting in a high number of mortalities due to the lack of adequate resources to treat this disease. Although the pandemic has been considered to be over, many people have been left with sequelae and respiratory ailments following COVID- 19, which include pneumonia, chronic lung disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, among others. In order to improve the original device, a prototype has been developed based on the UCL Ventura CPAP model, designed in London. To achieve this, the internal geometry of the device was obtained and various simulations were carried out using specialized CFD analysis software, as well as corresponding functional tests. As a result, the original UCL Ventura device has been optimized, reducing its weight by 45 percent and obtaining a maximum value of 96.3 percent oxygen concentration at the outlet. As for the construction of the prototype, it was made by 3D printing with liquid resin model Tough 2000 used in engineering applications for its excellent physical and mechanical properties. The idea of creating the prototype in 3D printing is due to the ease of making different changes in the model and thus determine an optimal design that meets the respiratory requirements of the patient, however, due to the chemical components of the resin with which the prototype was printed, a medical grade resin should be used for the construction and use in patients with respiratory problems.Item Estudio del flujo del viento en terreno complejo mediante fluido dinámica computacional Cfd para el emplazamiento de una turbina eólica en el parque nacional Chimborazo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-01) Freire Lescano, Jorge Andrés; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThe present study shows simulations of wind Flow using CFD computational fluid dynamics using the finite volume method, in order to determinate the location with the least turbulence within analyzed area and together the wind potential it presents. For this research process, it was start from previously obtained wind data, such as speeds, standard deviation, pressure, temperatures, etc. First, two study areas were selected to determine the appropriate location taking into account criteria for its sizing, whit this we proceeded to discretize the data for subsequent analysis and determine the conditions of entry and exit of the wind flow, followed by the parameters that represent the study area such as the roughness of the ground, intensity of turbulence and air density. Once the analyzes had been carried out in ANSYS Fluent software with their designated post-processed in VisIt 3.1.4 software, areas with high intensity of turbulence were determined in which the surface did not have wind flow obstructions, determining in this way as a wind site the study area 1 that has a plant capacity factor of 25 percent.Item Diseño de un sistema de bombeo mediante ariete hidráulico para la comunidad “Chilcapamba” del cantón Mocha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-01) Chicaiza Palacios, Kevin Ernesto; Escobar Luna, Luis EduardoIn this technical project a single-impeller ram pump is designed using Krol's mathematical model, each of the parts are modeled according to the calculations previously made. It is based on the available flow of the community of Chilcapamba, taking into account the unevenness of the terrain, the most optimal design is sought. In the design of the pump, maximum pressure values of approximately 0.3 MPa, dynamic pressure of 8.2 Kpa and speed in the impulsion valve of 2.87 m/s were found. The modeling is done in a CAD program, where each of the parts is detailed, especially the discharge valve, after this the simulation of the pump operation is performed in order to corroborate the data calculated analytically, the simulation is carried out with boundary conditions according to your requirement, where the mesh metric had a value of very good with this ensuring valid results and very close to reality. As for results, the most important parameters were simulated where the results of velocity in the valve, dynamic pressure in the valve and maximum pressure in the body of the ram were obtained obtaining values of 0.382 m/s, 8107 Pa and 380453 Pa respectively, also reflects a result where the areas of greater turbulence is observed. These values were compared with those mentioned above by means of a relative error study where values from 0.01 to 0.29 were found. With this it could be observed that 3 of the 4 analyzed values comply with the requirement of having a percentage lower than 0.16 to be validated, while one of them is out of phase, but not considerablyItem Análisis del flujo de fluidos en un dispositivo mecánico generador de flujo con presión positiva (CPAP) usado como alternativa en el tratamiento de pacientes con covid 19 mediante fluidodinámica computacional CFD(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Mamarandi Ángulo, Kevin Xavier; Vargas Pacheco, Lisbeth Alejandra; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThis research aims to be a solution to the health problem that is occurring nationally and globally, due to the pandemic caused by covid-19, which has caused millions of deaths; thus, a CPAP device called "UCL Ventura CPAP" was developed in the United Kingdom, which is the starting point of the research work. A redesign of the device was carried out using Ansys Fluent software, in which the internal behavior of the device was analyzed to obtain the best operating conditions and also to optimize resources in the final manufacture, but without affecting the correct performance of the device. Once the results of the redesign in Ansys Fluent were satisfactory, the first physical prototype was made in Nylon, which was helpful to take several data that will serve for the comparison of results; then, after correcting the errors in the initial prototype, the final prototype was built in Polyacetal which is a medical grade material. Subsequently, performance tests on a test bench validated the physical prototype with the results obtained in the computational analysis, thus the new device met the performance requirements. The new device proved to be reliable and the results of the performance tests showed that the device will be able to work under the conditions required by the patients, always delivering the correct amount of oxygen.Item Diseño por elementos finitos de una roto bomba accionada con una turbina Pelton para riego de cultivos en los sectores vulnerables(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017-10) Valencia Chávez, Cristian Javier; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos MauricioThe present work of investigation is about the design of a Pelton turbine that works with conditions of net jump of 45 m and flow of 0.05 m3 / s, was realized with the module CFD to determine the conditions of operation like pressure, speed, turbulence. In the design of the turbine consists of the geometry of the spoons, the dimensions of the impeller, injector, injector needle and mechanical dimensioning of the turbine shaft. The CFD analysis was performed taking into account the considerations that the turbine works with biphasic flow, ie there is presence of water and air, was used rotating mesh to rotate the impeller, stationary mesh for injectors and part of the Case. A study was carried out on the convergence of the mesh and its influence on the results, as well as the different models of turbulence available. These results were validated by calculating the efficiency of the turbine and the triangle of velocities at the exit of the turbine spoons, obtaining errors of 12.19% and 8.43%, respectively.Item Diseño por CFD de una Roto Bomba accionada con turbina Michell-Banki, para el bombeo de agua de riego en sectores vulnerables(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017-10) Moreno Duarte, Marlon Santiago; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos MauricioThe present experimental work is based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of a Michell Banki turbine to be able to pump water without the use of electric energy and without the use of fossil fuels as is the general tendency. The aim of this study is to analyze the correct functioning of the turbine. This study is based on the analysis of the pressure inside the turbine, the velocity of the fluid at the exit of the injector and through the rotor blades, the volumetric fraction of the fluid to determine if it meets the operating conditions of the turbine indicating that it is cross flow and the turbulence that is inside the turbine to be able to determine if the proposal of this design is appropriate and is not wasting too much energy in sectors that are not of greater influence. The study has been exposed to several modifications until the proper configuration of the turbine and through the simulations in the ANSYS SOFTWARE with the FLUENT module it has been possible to conclude that the design that is exposed is suitable for the operation of the Turbo-Pump.