Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Análisis térmico del proceso de secado de gelatina para determinar su eficiencia en la empresa Prodegel S.A.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Acosta Castro, Wendy Elizabeth; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    This project was born because in the company PRODEGEL S.A. It is necessary to obtain the efficiency of a tunnel-type gelatin dryer since at the moment it presents problems of humidity in the product, presenting on some occasions of the day a humidity greater than that required and on others a lower percentage of humidity. The experimental method was used and the parameters with which the dryer worked were collected, where the humidity value was obtained at 10.3 percent at the exit of the equipment, this corresponding to days in which the dryer worked with an approximate load of 12 kg/min in wet product, according to the data collected it is estimated that the equipment removes 57.2 percent of moisture from the gelatin noodle, that is to say that more than half of the input product was water, obtaining a flow of gelatin of 5.14 kg/min of dry product, the dryer band worked with a speed of 9.5 cm/min, using a total of 3 hours and 32 minutes to leave the noodle to be crushed. As a result, a yield of the noodle drying process corresponding to 56.31 percent was obtained. When analyzing the gelatin noodle according to the quality department, the noodle should have a humidity percentage of 11 percent at the exit of the dryer, and this percentage was obtained by raising the speed of the belt from 9.5 cm/min to 11 .5 cm/min, obtaining satisfactory results.
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    Análisis térmico para el proceso de secado de fideo tipo Regin en la empresa Industrias Catedral S.A, para determinar su eficiencia
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Goyes Guerrero, David Nicolás; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    The experimental work begins due to the need to have an updated energy study regarding the evaluation of thermal efficiency levels in the noodle drying process of tunnel 1 in the company Industrias Catedral S.A; based on the need to quantify the heat used in a typical drying chamber, as well as the most representative energy losses generated in the production of noodles. In the experimental process of calculating the thermal efficiency, it began with the identification of the thermophysical parameters of the raw material, as well as the evaluation of the standard noodle production. The data collection and measurements of normal operating temperatures of the radiator, temperature in the trays, air speed at the outlet of the fans, speed in air outlets, heat used for the drying of noodles, fundamental factors that intervene in the analysis of heat transfer and utilization within a static drying chamber of type trays. As a result, the supplied heat was analyzed in a type chamber, for region noodles, the regin noodles take advantage of 4,067
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    Análisis térmico de un prototipo de cámara de secado estática por convección y radiación de 1000 W para uso semiindustrial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-04) Criollo Camacho, William Rene; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    The present research work is focused on the temperature distributions inside the drying chamber with a radiation heat source that in this case four infrared lamps of 250 W each are used. In order to obtain these temperatures, experimental analyses are carried out in the prototype of the chamber and also with a modeling of the dryer simulations were obtained in the software, in a transient state with time intervals of 180, 240 and 688 seconds. The methodology proposed for the study was software simulation, first verifying the modeling of the chamber, then proceeding with the steps for data entry such as: parameters for the type of analysis, type of fluid (air), initial conditions, selection of materials, boundary conditions, amount of heat and radiating surfaces, also through calculations of the parameters of heat transfer inside the chamber by natural convection, forced and radiation, with their combinations reaching 771 W, also obtained the variation of stored energy for the air of 15.65 W. Applying energy balance, the losses by convection to the outside are determined, which reach 25 W. The combined results of the heat transfer methods help to calculate the efficiency of the chamber in vacuum (without load) and considering only the heating of the air inside gives us 6.4 percent. In the experimental and simulated time intervals analyzed, the temperature distributions in the middle and lower part of the chamber reach maximum values of 47 and 58.75 degrees Celsius, respectively.
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    Análisis térmico en tubos de calor experimentales aplicando termografía en el laboratorio de energía de la FICM
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020) Medina López, Edwin Fabricio; Escobar Luna, Luis Eduardo
    The present experimental work consists in the elaboration of heat pipes that will be used for the study and analysis of heat flows, which will allow the researcher to have a better conceptualization of how these devices work; because they are highly conductive elements, since they can be formed inside by different types and forms of materials, called "wick", through which the working fluid is conducted. Experimental heat pipes were made, selecting each one of the materials for its elaboration, as well as the appropriate percentages of copper powder and urea beads to be subjected to the compaction process, and thus obtain the appropriate porosity, performing tests in the FICM laboratory; applying thermography techniques, in the experimental heat pipes, both in the boiler chimney, as well as in the burner that has 3 rings that provide the heat source. For its elaboration, equipment was used such as: electronic balance to measure the exact quantity and weight of the materials that were used, manual press where the specimens were compressed applying the appropriate pressure, oven with refractory walls that supports up to a temperature of 1200˚C , where the heat pipes were entered to obtain the sintering technique, and thermal imager that provided with different temperatures both in the evaporator, condenser and adiabatic zones, according to the variation in the configuration that was made with the heat pipes
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    Análisis térmico para evaluar eficiencia en un calderín Pirotubular de 2 BHP del laboratorio de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Sánchez Mendoza, Alejandro Sebastián; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    Was evaluated efficiency by applying techniques of thermography in a 2BHP boiler of the career of mechanical engineering of the Technical University of Ambato. The data were taken using technological equipment: thermal camera, thermocouple, thermometer digital, bimetal thermometer, combustion gas analyzer and volumetric meter of GLP. Was obtained thermograms, temperature of gases, temperature of steam pipes, composition of gases, volumetric composition of products and consumption of GLP.Analysis was performed using the indirect method, was calculated losses caused by heat transfer (convection and radiation) 17.4%, combustion 5.17%, unburnt 8.7% and not quantified losses 10%. Was determined an efficiency of 59%. Finally, was proposed four proposals to improve the functioning of the boiler and was executed maintenance cleaning of tubes and burner due to time a financial resource, obtaining a fuel-saving of 0.12 kg/h and the reduction in the temperature of the combustion gases.
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    Análisis térmico para el proceso de secado de madera laminada de hasta 5 mm de espesor en la empresa Arboriente S.A. en la ciudad de Puyo, para determinar su eficiencia
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017-09) Hernández Cuenca, Walter Wladimir; Cabrera Anda, Santiago Paúl
    Once the operating conditions were stabilized, the necessary data and measurements were made, namely temperature, main components of the continuous dryer chambers, average ambient temperature; the components and the structure of the dryer were modeled in order to obtain the mass of each of them, fundamental parameters for the calculation of heat losses. Once the thermodynamic and physical properties of the components were determined, the calculation of heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation was developed. Depending on the mass flow of steam, it was obtained that the heat supplied to the dryer has a magnitude of 474.46 KW. The efficiency of the process was obtained as the quotient between the heat consumed by the processed wood 257.82 KW and the heat flow supplied by the cauldron 474.46 KW, obtaining a value of 54.34%.
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    Análisis térmico en el cabezal de la máquina de extrusión de PVC rígido y su efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de probetas normalizadas de tubería de desagüe 110 mm según norma NTE 1374 en la empresa Tumilsa S.A.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2013-07) López Paucar, Diego Fabián; Escobar Luna, Luis Eduardo
    La empresa TUMILSA S.A. perteneciente al GRUPO MIL nace por el compromiso de Víctor Hugo Navas, preocupado por el desarrollo de la región, vinculado al medio económico e industrial de la provincia de Tungurahua, y sin dejar de lado el cuidado por el medio ambiente. En la Empresa TUMILSA S.A. de la ciudad de Ambato, siendo una empresa nueva que cuenta con maquinaria y tecnología de punta, basados en el compromiso de aportar con la protección del medio ambiente, produce para el país tuberías de PVC de ventilación, presión y desagüe con sellos de calidad INEN. Teniendo en cuenta el proceso de extrusión y el desgaste al cual están sometidos los componentes de la extrusora la Empresa ha visto la necesidad de implementar planes de mantenimiento y estudios en cada área del proceso de producción de tubería; por lo que se realizó el análisis térmico en el cabezal de la máquina de extrusión de PVC rígido y su efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de probetas normalizadas de tubería de desagüe 110 mm según norma NTE 1374. El desarrollo del análisis nos proporcionó un enfoque directo sobre cuáles son las temperaturas más adecuadas para la fabricación de la tubería de desagüe 110 mm, para obtener excelentes propiedades mecánicas. La propuesta se basó en diseñar y construir un cono (pin) para la fabricación de tubería de PVC de 110 mm con la finalidad de mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de la tubería en la empresa TUMILSA S.A. Utilizando las temperaturas encontradas en el análisis realizado y usando el cono nuevo se obtuvo los resultados de los ensayos destructivos los cuales nos indican que existe una mejora considerable; Siendo el más sobresaliente el ensayo de reversión longitudinal obteniendo como resultado 2.03 % con respecto al 2.6% que se obtuvo al inicio de la propuesta, siendo uno de los objetivos disminuir el porcentaje promedio de este ensayo.