Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la reacción frente al fuego de un mortero CSIII-W0 elaborado con polietileno de baja densidad triturado(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Ortiz Sánchez Roberto David; Viscaíno Cuzco Mayra AlexandraThe growing pollution from plastic waste and the high environmental impact of the construction sector are driving the search for sustainable solutions. This project proposes to reuse low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as a substitute for fine aggregate in interior plaster mortars, promoting the circular economy and reducing the extraction of natural aggregates. Given the thermal risk of plastic, its reaction to fire was evaluated to ensure safety in buildings. The materials used were analyzed, meeting the technical requirements for the elaboration of mortars, and three LDPE replacement proportions were established: 5%, 10% and 15%. The granulometry of LDPE was comparable to that of coarse sand, which entailed an adjustment to form an adequate particle size curve of the fine aggregate. A CS III type control mortar was developed with a cement:sand dosage of 1:5 and a water/cement ratio of 1.13, achieving a compressive strength of 82 kg/cm², according to the standard. The results indicated that, as the percentage of LDPE increases, the compressive strength, the density in the fresh and hardened state, and the water absorption of the mortar decrease. Finally, the flammability test according to the NTE INEN ISO 11925-2 standard showed that the mortar with 15% LDPE increased the flame propagation speed by 15.70% and the temperature reached by 50.81% compared to the control mortar, in addition to generating higher emissions of polluting gases.Item Análisis de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón simple con agregado grueso reciclado y craqueo catalítico fluidizado en reemplazo del agregado fino(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Espinoza Castro María José; Navarro Peñaherrera Carlos PatricioThis experimental study evaluates the compressive strength of plain concrete by incorporating recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst as a replacement for fine aggregate. This research responds to the growing need to promote sustainable practices in construction, optimize resources, and reduce the environmental impact generated by the extensive use of natural materials. The methodology was developed in three phases: characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of recycled aggregates, comparison of the compressive strength of traditional concrete versus concrete with RCA and FCC, and an analysis of economic feasibility. Concrete mixtures with 100% recycled materials and 100% natural aggregates were prepared following regulatory techniques such as NTE INEN and ASTM and were evaluated using standardized tests. The results show that the use of RCA and FCC affects the workability and strength of concrete, but within acceptable ranges for certain structural uses. After 7 days, the concrete with natural aggregates reached a strength of 171.45 kg/cm², while the mix with recycled aggregates reached 37.75 kg/cm². After 14 days, the strengths were 196.55 kg/cm² and 47.47 kg/cm², respectively, and after 28 days, values of 239.74 kg/cm² were obtained for natural aggregates and 74.17 kg/cm² for recycled aggregates. These figures show that, although there is an approximately 70% decrease in the strength of recycled concrete compared to conventional concrete, it can meet structural parameters for certain non-critical applications. Furthermore, the use of recycled materials is considered not to significantly reduce the cost of concrete: the cost per cubic meter increased from $100.90 (traditional mix) to $291.77 (mix with recycled materials), which represents a significant contribution in economic terms. The study's conclusions indicate that incorporating AGR and FCC is not feasible from a technical or economic perspective, even if the proportions in the mix are optimized or the project's structural requirements are considered. However, for other uses, this approach contributes to reducing environmental impact, fosters the circular economy, and promotes responsible resource use in the construction sectorItem Evaluación de asfalto modificado mediante la incorporación de grano de caucho reciclado (GCR) y asfalto reciclado (RAP)(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Padilla Núñez Michelle Nicole; Bayas Altamirano Myriam MarisolEconomic development has generated demand for road infrastructure, along with the increase in waste derived from disused tires, leading to an environmental problem that requires sustainable solutions. In this context, this research aims to evaluate the incorporation of Recycled Rubber Granules (RRG) and Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in asphalt mixtures as an ecologically and technically viable alternative for the design of flexible pavements. The reuse of these materials seeks to reduce resource use, lower production costs, and mitigate the environmental impact associated with road construction. The study includes the production of 45 asphalt briquettes: 9 conventional briquettes and 36 modified briquettes with different dosages of RGR and RAP. The mixtures used asphalt contents in the following percentages: 5.5%, 6.0%, and 6.5%, with four recycled additions of 4% GCR and 7% RAP, 10% GCR and 15% RAP, 15% GCR and 20% RAP, and 20% GCR and 25% RAP. Through volumetric and mechanical characterization tests, the behavior of the mixtures was analyzed with respect to parameters such as stability, flow, voids, and bulk density. The results showed that only the mixtures with 4% GCR and 7% RAP met the minimum requirements established by the MOP-001-F 2002 standard. However, all modified mixtures presented flow values outside the regulatory range, indicating a greater tendency toward plastic deformation. This is mainly attributed to the thermoplastic and absorbent properties of recycled rubber. From an economic perspective, the production cost of the modified mix was determined to be USD 72.58/m3, practically the same as the traditional mix of USD 72.52/m3, reinforcing the viability of this alternative. It is therefore concluded that the use of GCR and RAP, in controlled proportions of less than 20% and with an optimal AC-20 content of 6.0%, can be an effective strategy for producing more sustainable asphalt mixes without significantly compromising their structural performance or cost.Item Diseño de un sistemas de abastecimiento de agua de lluvia (SCALL), para el abastecimiento de aparatos sanitarios del edificio de educación física de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato campus Huachi Chico(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Medina Paredes Bryan Alexis; López Arboleda Alex GustavoIn our country, the development of ecological projects is vital, as we have already experienced an energy and wáter crisis. the design of this type of element (scall) is a clear solution for tge utilization of natural resources. implementig this device allows for the collection storage, and subessequent distribution of wáter for various needs. Additionally, this system acts as a preventive measure agains cetain problems sucha as flooding and encourages the proper use of natural resourc. The objetive of this Project is to design the SCALL system to take advantage of the wáter collected in the Sanitary facilities of one of the buildings at the Technical University of Ambato, Huachi Chico campus, with the aim of utilizing natural resources such as rainwater an the Project includes multiple phases to ensure a proper design, using a qualitative methodology, wich involved gathering bibliographic and fiel data. This was complemented by a quatitative methodoly, which involved calculating each component of the system to achieve a correct design. Detailed system plans were also developed, showing the characteristics of each componet, and finally, a budget was prepared. The technical design was carried out using both national and international standards, verifying their applicability under the specific conditions of the Project site. Additionally, modeling software was use the results show that our collection system meets its goal, which is to supply the building`s sanitary appluances throghout the year. It is important to note that although the initial investment is high, it is justifiably offset by wáter savings, as it promotes the sustaintable use of natural resorces. Therefore, it can be concluded that the SCALL system is a technical solution that can be adapted to pther buildings in any location sithin the country, under various conditions, promoting ecological practices and the responsible use of natural resources.