Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/898
Browse
48 results
Search Results
Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Quiambe, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Torres Paredes, Kevin Fernando; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroCurrently, developing areas in Ecuador lack sewerage, as only 50.7 percent of Municipal GADs have this service, and this is even more noticeable in rural communities, such as Quiambe, which do not have basic sanitation infrastructure. Therefore, the objective of this technical project is to carry out the design of sanitary sewerage for the area, also including the design of a treatment plant, which guarantees the correct management and disposal of treated water, thus improving the quality of life of its inhabitants and the environmental surroundings. To carry out this objective, first the topographic survey was carried out using an RTK, then the characteristics of the area were obtained through surveys of the population, and the water supply of the sector was also determined by taking readings from 10 homes in the area. Then, the sewerage system design was carried out based on the Bolivian standard NB 688 and the treatment plant using the guidelines for the design of septic tanks, IMHOFF and stabilization ponds, design of municipal wastewater treatment plants: up flow anaerobic filters and the INEN 005-9-1 standard, and as a last point a budget was made that this project will have with its respective items, technical specifications and a schedule of activities to be carried out. Finally, it was found that the sanitary sewer system consists of a network of 3093.73m, 62 wells, 62 pipes that vary from 200 mm in diameter, while for the treatment of wastewater it has a pretreatment, primary and secondary treatment and sludge drying, complying with the established parameters, it should be noted that the cost of the project has a value of 346,798.57 dollars and has a term of 6 months.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para los habitantes del caserío El Pingue, parroquia La Matriz, cantón Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Freire Zurita, Wellington Alexis; Castro Solorzano, Fidel AlbertoAccess to sanitary sewage systems is of vital importance to ensure optimal sanitation conditions and prevent negative impacts on both human health and the environment. In this context, the hamlet of Pingue faces limitations such as the absence of basic sanitation infrastructure, which directly affects the quality of life of its inhabitants. This project was developed in several essential phases, each one focused on fundamental technical aspects. In the initial phase, a topographic survey was carried out, and surveys were conducted to obtain information on the conditions of the community, as well as the needs of the population. Based on this data, we proceeded with the preliminary design of the sewerage network and treatment plant, applying the corresponding regulations, such as Bolivian Standard NB 688, CO 10.7 - 601 and CO 10.7 - 602 and Senagua guidelines. In the next phase, an economic evaluation was carried out, including the calculation of unit costs and the analysis of the financial viability of implementing the project. As a result of this project, a detailed design was prepared for the sanitary sewerage system, which includes 88 wells and 87 pipes, with a total length of 2,353 km. In addition, an existing network was analyzed, which consists of 57 wells and a length of the existing network of 1,299 km. Finally, technical calculations were developed for the wastewater treatment plant, where the processes were analyzed, including pretreatment, primary and secondary treatment. Ensuring that the total flow complies with the parameters required for proper operation. An economic study of the project was also carried out, with a budget of $345,842.12 and its respective specifications to guarantee the improvement of sanitary conditions.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Cóndor Mirador perteneciente a la parroquia El Triunfo de la provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Acurio Sánchez, Jennifer Ivonne; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoThis study was initiated in response to the urgent need to improve the sanitary and environmental conditions of the area, driven by the impact of population growth and the lack of adequate infrastructure for wastewater management. The methodology included a comprehensive diagnosis of the study area, based on topographic surveys, analysis of current and projected population data, and water quality studies. Hydraulic calculations were performed to size the sewer networks and select the optimal components for the treatment plant, considering both national and international technical standards. The design was further enhanced through computational simulations using specialized software to ensure the system's functionality and efficiency. The results revealed that the project would benefit a population of approximately 350 inhabitants, with a projected population growth rate of 4.56 percent over a 30-year design horizon, calculated using the geometric method. The proposed system included PVC pipes with a nominal diameter of 200 millimeters and a total length of 618.44 meters for the sanitary sewer system, designed to handle a maximum flow of 141 liters per person per day. The wastewater treatment plant was designed to process an average flow of 261.79 cubic meters per day. A system incorporating pretreatment, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments, along with sludge treatment, was selected. This choice was based on a BOD5 to COD ratio of 43.91 percent and the high fecal coliform content identified in water analyses, categorizing the wastewater as highly biodegradable. As a result, the proposed design not only improves basic sanitation conditions but also contributes to preserving the region's water resources by reducing environmental pollution. A general budget of one hundred twenty-eight thousand two hundred thirty dollars and seventy-three cents was projected for the implementation of the system.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Hualcanga San Luis, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Lozada López, Darwin Joel; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánIn Ecuador, many developing communities face serious deficiencies in basic infrastructure, including the absence of sanitary sewage systems. This situation not only generates water contamination problems, but also an increase in waterborne diseases and serious damage to the environment. A clear example of this problem is the community of Hualcanga San Luis, where the lack of these essential services highlights the existing gaps in basic sanitation, mainly affecting rural and peri-urban areas, despite the efforts made by local governments to address these deficiencies. In this context, the main objective of this technical project is to design an integrated sanitary sewerage system and a wastewater treatment plant for the community. As a first stage, a detailed topographic survey was carried out using an RTK (Real Time Kinematic) system, which allowed obtaining accurate information of the terrain, ensuring an adequate analysis of the physical conditions of the intervention area. In addition, surveys were conducted with the local population in order to identify their specific needs and ensure that the proposed design responds to their real demands. Based on the information collected, a 3.24-kilometer sewerage network was designed, consisting of 76 inspection wells and 75 sections of pipe with varying diameters, including a 200-mm main pipe. A treatment plant was also designed that includes pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, and sludge drying, ensuring compliance with the country's regulatory standards. The total estimated budget for the project is US$339,461.60, with a completion time of approximately six months. The implementation of this system will not only significantly improve social welfare and reduce the incidence of disease in the community but will also contribute substantially to ensuring long-term environmental sustainability in the region.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y su planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad de Valle del Palmar del cantón Huamboya, provincia de Morona Santiago, para mejorar la calidad de vida de los moradores del sector.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Benavides Manjarrés, Jennifer Anahí; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánThe Huamboya canton lacks sanitation systems in several communities, which affects the health of its inhabitants; therefore, it is very necessary to have an adequate sewerage system to improve their living conditions. This project includes several stages to ensure an adequate design, starting with a topographic survey to determine slopes and elevations. Subsequently, design parameters were estimated in order to determine the sizing and layout of the pipes, the strategic location of the wells, compliance with hydraulic gradients and flow velocities by applying engineering methods based on current standards such as Bolivian Standard NB-688 and SENAGUA, surveys were also conducted to learn about the characteristics of the population and a study of water consumption patterns in the canton, the design of the treatment plant considering its proper operation and environmental impact, under an analysis of the quality of local wastewater. An economic study was included with a detailed analysis of unit prices, technical specifications and the corresponding schedule. The sewage system design was obtained with a total number of 29 wells, of which 4 are skip wells and 31 pipes, and the referential budget is USD 255,830.37 ctvs. In this work the results and products obtained are shown in detail in the technical drawings elaborated in the following pages.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de las aguas residuales del sector Cruz Huayco de la parroquia Juan Benigno Vela del cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Caiza Caiza, Israel Tupak; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Cruz Huayco sector is intended to determine its efficiency and compliance with environmental regulations. The current infrastructure shows signs of deterioration, with treatment capacity close to its limit. The treatment processes have demonstrated acceptable effectiveness, although areas for improvement were identified. Keywords: treatment plant, wastewater, environmental pollution, sludge operation, Cruz Huayco. The maintenance and operational status of the WWTP need immediate attention to ensure its long-term functionality. Studies were observed and carried out regarding environmental regulations, especially regarding contaminant removal levels. Waste and sludge management could be optimized to improve environmental sustainability; Despite these challenges, the WWTP largely complies with environmental regulations. Specific improvements are suggested to optimize operating costs and ensure long-term functionality. In summary, the WWTP demonstrates efficiency, but requires immediate attention in some areas vital to its operation. Detailed recommendations are provided to address identified issues, prioritizing actions to improve operational efficiency and comply with environmental regulations.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector condesan de la parroquia Quisapincha del cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Campaña Ávila, Génesis Betsabé; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe treatment plant under study is designed for the treatment of domestic wastewater; however, despite the fact that the WWTP is operational, its operation causes inconvenience to the inhabitants of the surrounding areas and those who pass through the sector, since it emits bad odors, causing environmental pollution. This research was carried out in three stages: the first was a topographic survey of the plant area, which is 586.15 square meters, and data was collected on its components and system (distribution tank, valve box, revision boxes, septic tank, upflow anaerobic filter, sludge drying bed, outlet well). In the second, the maximum wastewater flows of the influent and effluent of the treatment plant for 30 days for 8 hours per day were estimated using a quantitative method, as well as the analysis of the composite sample that was tested in the Quality Control Laboratory of the Public Company EP-EMAPA-A, using qualitative methodology, in order to verify whether the pollutant load of the WWTP complies with the parameters of the TULSMA 2015 regulations, Book VI: Table 8. Discharge limits to the public sewage system and Table 9. Discharge limits to a freshwater body. As a result, an operation and maintenance plan was proposed for the WWTP. It is worth mentioning that the efficiency of the treatment plant is favorable, even though there is no adequate maintenance and cleaning of the area in question.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de agua potable Santa Rita de la parroquia San Andrés del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Toalombo Pacheco, Eva Doménica; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThe present experimental work focuses on the evaluation of the Santa Rita drinking water treatment plant, in which theoretical guidelines, objectives, justifications and current regulations were used. This service benefits three sectors, making it the largest plant in the canton. In the first place, information was collected: the location, field visits and data from reports generated in the Píllaro GAD was collected, as well as a diagnosis of the operational status of the treatment units; the measurement of the influent and effluent flows was carried out during seven consecutive days; Analyzes of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the inlet and outlet water were carried out, for these analyzes all the collected water samples were carried out following the NTE INEN 2 176:1998 regulations, and for the transfer to the laboratories the regulation NTE INEN 2 169:1998, in a qualified laboratory. With the results obtained by the water analysis, we proceed to compare with the guidelines established in the TULSMA regulations and in the INEN 1108 regulations; and, also with a technical analysis on the dimensions in accordance with the regulated parameters, finally, viable alternatives are proposed, which generate a solution to the water treatment system, such as a sand removal tank and the dosage of coagulant material that is aluminum sulfate. and as well as the chlorine-gas dosage. The purpose of this evaluation is to protect the health of the people who receive the service, mitigating any disease and ensuring that the staffing is adequateItem Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Gamboa perteneciente al cantón Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Galarza Lalama, Oscar David; Castro Solórzano, Fidel AlbertoThe location of the wastewater purification system in the tourist area of Gamboa, in the Pelileo canton of Tungurahua province, has raised concerns about public health safeguards and environmental preservation. Thus, an examination was conducted to verify whether the cleaning procedures were functioning properly and fulfilling their purpose of purifying the wastewater. To carry out this examination, a topographic study was conducted to facilitate the measurement of the functional units of the treatment plant and the development of a general building design with "as-built" plans. Data on inflow and outflow rates were also collected using the volumetric method to determine the maximum flow and perform laboratory analysis based on a composite sample to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of the untreated wastewater (influent) and the treated wastewater (effluent), comparing the obtained values with those established by the TULSMA 2015 regulations. The analysis confirmed that the operational effectiveness of the wastewater treatment system was within acceptable limits. However, an opportunity to improve the efficiency of sludge treatment was identified, leading to the need to install a cover to facilitate proper dehydration of the solid waste produced in the septic tank. Additionally, an operation and maintenance manual was developed to ensure the longterm optimal performance of the plant and secure the service life of the hydraulic infrastructure.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Valle Hermoso Artezón perteneciente al cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Atiencia Gavilanez, Javier Mateo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe Wastewater Treatment Plant from Valle Hermoso Artezón community, surrounded by houses and extensive crop fields, has generated inconvenience to residents due to bad odors and lack of maintenance. Although the plant has shown favorable efficiency in its treatment process, its maintenance has been found to be insufficient. The study of the plant began with the collection of data corresponding to its components (Distributor Tank, Catchment Tank, Septic Tank, Biological Filter, Descending Filter, Sludge Drying Bed). The maximum flows of wastewater were estimated both at the entrance and at the exit of the plant. A composite sample of the influent and the effluent was made, which was tested in the quality control laboratory of the EMAPA Public Company, which allowed determining the pollutant load treated in the plant and was compared with the parameters established in the TULSMA 2015 standard. The analysis of the wastewater treatment procedure at the plant confirmed that it was operating correctly, since the efficiency obtained for each parameter analyzed in the laboratory was positive, indicating that no changes should be made to its treatment train. Additionally, an operation and maintenance plan was established to improve various aspects of the plant, the construction of a cover for the sludge drying bed was proposed, with the aim of guaranteeing its function of dehydrating the sludge that is discharged from the Septic Tank.