Ciencias de la Salud
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Item GENEXPERT, BACILOSCOPÍA Y CULTIVOS EN EL DIAGNÓSTICO DE TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR EN PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN AL HOSPITAL JOSÉ MARÍA VELASCO IBARRA DE TENA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2024-09-03) Coba Cueva, Rosa Guadalupe; Vilcacundo Córdova, Mario FernandoThe World Health Organization recommends the use of rapid molecular kind tests such as Gene Xpert MTB RIF/ULTRA for the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, the same ones that have a high precision, in addition you can perform bacilloscopies and culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that also contribute to the determination of this pathology. In this study, Pulmonary Tuberculosis was identified using Gene Xpert with a quantitative approach, with a descriptive kind of cross-sectional and nonexperimental design employing a non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive design. The bacteria were also detected through Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and records of culture results for the pathogen under study were reviewed, subsequently the analysis was carried out, the description of variables and their interrelation. A total of 33 sputum samples were evaluated, 67% of positive samples were determined according to Gene Xpert, and 33% of negative samples, of which resistance to rifampicin was detected in only 0.33%, which suggests a low probability of finding this type of condition in this population. Furthermore, comparing the other microbiological diagnostic techniques against the use of Molecular Biology, a sensitivity of 100% was obtained concerning Baciloscopy and concerning culture 75%, with a specificity of 84.6% for smear microscopy and 80% for culture. A rapid diagnostic algorithm for pulmonary tuberculosis was also designed. One of the main conclusions of this work is that Pulmonary Tuberculosis was identified in a shorter time, approximately 2 hours, through the use of Gene Xpert MTB RIF/ULTRA, resistance to rifampicin was also detected with this test, concerning culture, although it is true that it constitutes the gold standard, it has the limitation of time since several weeks passed from receipt of the sample to the issuance of results. An algorithm was also designed for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis using this rapid automated test, which indicates this test as the beginning of the evaluation of this type of patient.Item Experiencias de la atención de enfermería a pacientes con tuberculosis utilizando el método Atic(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-21) Allaica Quishpi, Shirley Lizbeth; Fernandez Nieto, Miriam IvonneIntroduction: Nursing needs a professional discipline, a way of proceeding in care, aimed at solving and minimizing the complications or problems of daily life related to health. ATIC contains structuring concepts, helping the nurse to formulate diagnoses with simple terminology. Methodology: The qualitative approach was applied, which allows the description of habits and situations of the human being, the information was obtained by applying the discussion criteria related to each case. Results: It was observed that the nurses of the health Center do not know about the ATIC method. Therefore, the nursing staff should know about it. The care provided by the nursing area to people with this ailment uses the care manual for the same pathology. Conclusions: The nurses are unaware of this procedure called ATIC, however, they show interest in training and updating.Item Revisión de caso clínico de paciente con tuberculosis pulmonar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Guanina Nieto, Helen Angelica; Benavides Rovalino, Esther del Rocio Lic. MgINTRODUCCIÓN: Tuberculosis is defined as an infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Mycrobacterium Tuberculosis (1), that is to say; Bacteria can spread easily from one infected person to another, it develops in a certain environmental, social, health and individual context, the contagion is acquired by inhaling water droplets when sneezing or coughing. The factors that cause susceptibility to infection are malnutrition, overcrowding, various immunosuppressive causes, and genetic factors, among others(2). OBJECTIVE: Analyze the evolution of the user and adherence to antituberculous treatment related to the determinantsof health. PRESENTATION OF THE CASE: 24-year-old patient, onset of symptoms 15 days ago accompanied by a dry cough, suddenly mobilizes secretions, presents night sweats, fatigue, gradual weight loss. The collection of information will be obtained through the review and analysis of the clinical history, function in the Clinical Practice Guide for Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Control of Tuberculosis and the bibliographic review of scientific articles in which relevant information on the evolution will be detailed. CONCLUSIONS: Whenanalyzing the clinical case; We cover a series of procedures according to the pathology presented, this will improve extensive knowledge about the proposed disease, risk factors, adherence to treatment and propose an adequate nursing care process, which have been fundamental tools to carry out the correct analysis and assessment.Item Análisis de caso Clínico de Paciente con Tuberculosis Pulmonar Enfocado en los cuidados de Enfermería(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Enfermería, 2016-04-01) Chango Zumba, Jessica Estefanía; Abril Beltrán, Rosario Elizabeth Licda. Mg.This analysis of clinical case of pulmonary tuberculosis is made taking into account that in recent years has become one of the most worrying in the public health and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide diseases, where one of civil and political rights is the right to life and personal integrity. This work is detailed information of the patient 34 years old, humble, simple, suffering progressive loss of weight and appetite was gradually progressing month, plus an extreme weakness preventing him from performing everyday activities, becoming a dependent on another person. In the same way you try with this study to establish which is the genesis of this condition, to this reality is very important research of this nature generate scientific knowledge that supports and as a basis for future research to achieve deeper into the issue; since these complications not only impairs the quality of life of an individual and his family, but also involve economic and emotional background. Information was collected from the beginning of the disease to date, the disease progression is detailed, complete an evaluation of nursing interventions is proposed to facilitate the care and improvement of quality of life takes place, it has been linked with a nursing theorist to expand knowledge according to the needs. A descriptive methodology was used in this work because it allowed to make contact with reality to observe, describe, and control, the purpose of this is to formulate new approaches and providing quality care and warmth, identifying critical points and factors risk attributed to trigger the disease.