Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.PESTICIDAS

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    DETERMINACIÓN DEL PERFIL HEPÁTICO Y COLINESTERASA SÉRICA EN AGRICULTORES EXPUESTOS A PESTICIDAS EN EL CASERÍO QUITOCUCHO DEL CANTÓN PELILEO
    (2025-02-25) Taipe Masaquiza, Carmen Marilyn; Ron Mora, Álvaro Sebastián; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico
    The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of liver enzymes and serum cholinesterase in farmers exposed to pesticides in the Quitocucho hamlet of the Pelileo Canton. Pesticides are essential for pest control in different agricultural crops, but their cumulative toxicity can generate negative effects on the health of farmers, including liver damage, neurological disorders and respiratory problems. A cross-sectional, descriptive, observational and prolective study was used, where 90 blood samples were analyzed from women and men. The quantification of liver enzymes was performed on the Auto-Chemistry Analyzer CS-T180 and serum cholinesterase on the Erba Mannhein spectrophotometer. Through an evaluated survey, the risk factors associated with the inadequate handling of pesticides were identified through nonparametric tests, such as Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi square. The results indicated slightly elevated levels of AST in 34.4% (31 farmers), ALT in 24.4% (22 farmers), GGT in 20% (18 farmers), ALP in 16.7% (15 farmers) and decreased serum cholinesterase in 8.9% (8 farmers). To establish whether there is a relationship between liver enzyme alterations and exposure to pesticides, the Chi-square test was used. The results showed that there is no significant relationship, which suggests that the alterations in liver enzymes could be associated with other factors.
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    IMPACTO METABÓ LICO DE LOS PESTICIDAS EN EL DESARROLLO DE OBESIDAD Y DIABETES
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-07) Barona Freire, Selene Isabel; Recalde Navarrete, Ricardo Javier
    Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent chronic patholog ic a l entities with increasing global incidence, whose etiology is multifactorial, ranging from lifestyle to environmental factors. Among the latter, exposure to pesticides has aroused notable scientific interest, suggesting a potential association with metabolic alterations. Objective: To evaluate the available evidence in the scientific literature regarding the metabolic impact of pesticides on the developm ent of obesity and T2DM. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, selecting observati on a l studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses from biomedical databases up to the year 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised studies in humans and animal models evaluating the effect of pesticide exposure on metabolic parameters related to obesity and T2DM. Results: Synthesis of the evidence indicated that pesticide exposure is associated with endocrine disruption, promoting adipogenesis and insulin resistance. Epidemiolog ic a l analyses correlate the presence of pesticide residues with increases in the prevalence of obesity and T2DM. Animal models support these findings, showing alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism following pesticide exposure. Conclusions: Pesticides emerge as significant environmental risk factors for metabol i c dysfunction, enhancing the development of obesity and T2DM. This association highligh ts the need to establish stricter regulatory policies and develop intervention strategies to minimize pesticide exposure in at-risk populations.