Ciencias de la Salud
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Item ANALISIS DE LAS COMPLICACIONES MATERNO FETALES ASOCIADAS A LA PREECLAMPSIA. REVISION DE LA LITERATURA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-29) Tubón Tite, Lenny Mishelle; Rojas Conde, Luis GeovannyIntroduction: Preeclampsia is a medical condition that affects pregnant women and raises significant concerns in relation to maternal-fetal complications, which makes the analysis of these relevant to the health and well-being of both the maternal and newborn during pregnancy. Objective: Identify maternal-fetal complications associated with preeclampsia. Method: the research was developed through a documentary review, a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach around maternal-fetal complications due to preeclampsia. It was investigated in high-impact databases such as: PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, Dimensions and the Google Scholar search engine. Inclusion criteria will be applied such as articles from the last 5 years, between 2018 and 2023, original articles in Spanish and English. The bibliographic review was developed with ten bibliographic sources. Results: It was identified that young women, especially between 20 and 34 years old, face a higher risk of preeclampsia, therefore, early detection is key and could be implemented in settings with limited resources. Furthermore, attention to risk factors, such as chronic hypertension, is vital, and the combination of acetylsalicylic acid and calcium is suggested in high-risk women as a pharmacological approach. Conclusion: It is revealed that there are significant maternal-fetal complications, such as high blood pressure and proteins in the urine, with serious consequences for the health of mother and child.Item Proyecto de intervención al uso de antibióticos en pacientes adultos del servicio de hospitalización del Hospital Básico el Puyo.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrado, 2022-09-01) Défaz Miranda, Silvana Marisol, Lcda.; Inca Torres, Alberto Renato, BqF. PhDThe inappropriate and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, the poor control of nosocomial infections increases the development of resistance mechanisms, reducing therapeutic possibilities and increasing hospital stay. Infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost of treatment, triggering the appearance of outbreaks at the hospital level. Due to this, in the present study it was proposed to rationalize the adequate use of antibiotics in the Puyo Basic Hospital in adult patients. This was done using a scientific methodology with a quantitative and quasi- experimental approach, through which the database was reviewed in the SPSS program and the entire population of hospitalized patients aged between 20 and 40 years was studied in a period of January until June 2021. It was obtained that Staphylococcus presents resistance against the antibiotic oxacillin with 76.2%. 100% of Gram-negative microorganisms are resistant to ampicillin, 88.8% are resistant to ampicillin sulbactam, 77.8% are resistant to cephalothin and 61.1% are resistant to sulfatrimetropim. Escherichia coli 27.7% are ESBL-producing bacteria. Finally, the factors that predispose to the inappropriate use of antibiotics were evaluated, it was proposed to adopt timely corrective measures, especially in those antibiotics that exceed 30% in relation to resistance.Item Complicaciones en pacientes diabéticos con covid-19(2021-03-01) Barrionuevo Mejía, Jenny Alicia; López Pérez, Grace PamelaIntroduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the diabetic population has been considered vulnerable and at high risk as they are more prone to acquiring respiratory infections due to deterioration of the immune system and alteration of glucose levels. Objective: To describe the complications in diabetic patients with COVID-19. Methodology: meta-analysis of articles published until September 14, 2020 in databases such as: Medline, PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Redalyc, Elsiever, BVS and academic Google. The search was carried out in 4 phases; the first for search, the second for selection, the third for information extraction and the fourth for analysis. Results: The main complications of diabetic patients with COVID-19 are: severe respiratory distress syndromes and extrapulmonary systemic hyperinflammation syndrome, shock, vasoplegia, respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary collapse, severe pneumonia, myocarditis, acute kidney injury, pancreatic damage, this due to immunological and hypoglycemic mechanisms that lead to an increased risk of death. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes do present greater complications in COVID-19 pictures, since when there is inadequate glycemic control, there is a greater susceptibility to developing a severe septic picture due to a failure in the body's response to pathogens.Item Hallazgos clínicos y tomográficos de covid-19, en pacientes sintomáticos tratados en el hospital básico clínica santa Cecilia(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Ayala Quishpe, Noemi Patricia; Costales Coronel, Blanca GeorginaLcda. Mg.Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, computed tomography is essential in the diagnosis because of the important findings show in the image. Objective: To analyze the clinical and tomographic findings of COVID-19, classify them, tabulate them and create a statistical data bank of morbidity of symptomatic patients treated in the basic Hospital “SANTA CECILIA CLINIC”. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, documentary and cross sectional study based on the review of 96 medical records of positive COVID-19 patients treated during May-October 2020. A data collection sheet was used as a technique, with a descriptive statistical analysis. Establishing the morbidity rate, based on the cumulative incidence formula. Results: 96 medical records were included, 62 with a Computed tomography. Of which 9,38% presented comorbidities with a predominance of arterial hypertension. Common symptoms were cough (80%), fever (73%), dyspnea (63%) and fatigue (54%). The predominant tomographic pattern was bilateral tarnished glass with involvement of all lobes and subpleural distribution. Morbidity was 25,6%. Conclusions: The main symptoms of COVID-19 were cought, fever, dyspnea and fatigue, with pulmonary involvement, with the predominance of tarnished, bilateral, multilobular and subpleural glass. In this population, a worrying mortality rate was given, therefore, it is important to have adequate clinical and tomographic assessment of the patient suspected of COVID-19 to avoid unnecessary exposure to health personnel and family membersItem “Factores asociados a la Morbimortalidad en prematuros nacidos en el Hospital Provincial Docente Ambato período Enero 2010- Septiembre 2011”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2012-04-01) Morales Cisneros, Diego Alejandro; Paredes Lazcano, Patricia Dra.