Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS

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    ASOCIACIÓN DE LOS GRUPOS SANGUÍNEOS ABO Y RHESUS A PATOLOGÍAS CRÓNICAS EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE LOS CENTROS GERONTOLÓGICOS VIDA A LOS AÑOS Y SAN JOAQUÍN
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-05) Pinto Demera, Maria de los Angeles; Pérez Laborde, Elena Johanna
    Chronic diseases are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide; Blood groups, ABO and Rh, are biological variables capable of influencing susceptibility to these diseases. The main objective of this research is to relate the ABO and Rh system to the chronic diseases suffered by the residents of the “Vida a los Años” and “San Joaquín” Gerontolog i c al Centers, in the period March – April 2024. The population is made up of 75 older adults belonging to these geriatric centers, the tube agglutination test was used to observe the reaction of the different whole blood samples of the patients, in addition a checklist was applied to their medical records to collect their data and thus Previous and current chronic pathologies were identified and recorded. Of the 75 samples, 46 belong to group O, 19 to group B and 10 to group A, all of which had a positive Rh factor. In determining the association between the variables, a positive correlation was considered between patients with blood type A+ and the development of osteoporosis, with a p value of 0.024 (binary logistic regression), blood group B+ and type 2 diabetes mellitus. with a p value p  0.001 (binary logistic regression), and O+ blood group and arterial hypertension with a p value p  0.05 (binary logistic regression). It was concluded that the ABO and Rh system is related to three chronic diseases already diagnosed among residents of gerontological centers, which were osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure.
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    Determinantes socioculturales relacionados con el desarrollo de depresión en el adulto mayor con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y/o hipertensión arterial
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Molina Vargas, Lucía del Rocío Md.; Cárdenas Naranjo, Vicente Hernán Dr. Esp.
    In Primary Health Care, the Family Physician is the fundamental pillar in the comprehensive care of the individual, family and community in all stages of life. Faced with the increase in older adults worldwide, the WHO affirms that this age group currently represents 11% of the world population and projects that by 2050 they will represent 22% of the total population in the world. Aging is proportional to the appearance of non-communicable chronic diseases in the elderly, generating a real public health problem. Therefore, it has been seen the need to carry out the present investigation in this age group, whose objective was to establish the relationship between sociocultural determinants and depression in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood in 2020. The research had a cross-sectional, analytical, observational quantitative approach. Universe of 103 older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension residing in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood. Sample represented by 100 older adults who met the inclusion criteria. A survey was applied which included questions on the sociocultural aspect, the Batalla, Morisky Green tests and the Yesavage geriatric depression scale. The results were that 81% of the older adults studied have depression; being is more frequent in older adults with DM and HTA together. The determinants that are strongly related to depression were sex, marital status, educational instruction, occupation, coexistence, adequate knowledge of the disease and adherence to treatment. In conclusion, sociocultural determinants have a positive relationship in the development of depression in the elderly with DM and / or HTA.
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    Estrés emocional factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas: caso de estudio parroquia Tanicuchi - Ecuador
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Acosta Gavilánez, Roberto Iván Md.; López Guerrero. Md Esp., Ana Abigail
    The research focused on determining whether emotional stress is a risk factor for the appearance of chronic diseases in the age group between 25 and 65 years old belonging to the Tanicuchi parish in the Lasso neighborhood. The methodology applied in the present investigation has a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach, in addition, it had an inductive and analytical investigation and also had a descriptive scope. For the research, the population registered in the Lasso Health Center was considered, patients between 25 to 65 years old who belong to the Tanicuchi parish, on the other hand, the sample was determined based on the research needs, it was determined to 98 patients from 25 to 65 years old belonging to the Tanicuchi parish. The relationship between chronic diseases and the presence of the stressor is obtained as a result, considering a p value of 0.890, a significance value greater than 0.05, to conclude, it is concluded that there is no significant value between the study variables, thus understanding that emotional stress is not a risk factor for the development of chronic diseases.
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    Estudio de los determinantes sociales en adultos mayores que asisten a los espacios activos en GAD Ambato y su relación con las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Medicina, 2020-10-01) Quiñonez Vivas, Stefania Margarita; Zavala Calahorrano, Alicia Dra. PHD.
    Introduction: Health care institutions are concerned about how economic social and geographical factors could affect living older adults conditions, increasing their susceptibility to chronic non communicable diseases. These living conditions were called "Social Determinants of Health" (SDH). Objective: To identify the SSDs and their association with chronic noncommunicable diseases in the elderly who attend the active spaces in GAD Ambato. Materials and methods: An observational, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out which included 204 people over 60 years of age who attend the GAD Ambato's elderly centres. A statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics V25.0 programme. Results: The social determinants associated to chronic noncommunicable diseases were females, married marital status and living in the urban area. 35% had no educational background and were associated to living in a rural area. 95% of the population studied had no social security and their income was equal to or less than a basic salary. In terms of occupation, 73% of the population studied were engaged in agriculture and domestic work. The population studied was basically urban (80%). It was observed that after the age of 60, 2 out of every 5 older adults had at least one chronic disease, the most frequent being high blood pressure. Conclusions: The appearance of these diseases are influenced by DSS, which makes it necessary to strengthen primary health to reduce the appearance of pathologies.