Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Resistencia antimicrobiana de microrganismos prevalentes en abscesos periodontales en pacientes pediátricos de 6 a 12 años que acuden al consultorio de especialidades odontológicas.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2024-09-01) Velastegui Peñaloza, Teresa Consuelo Licenciada; Moina Veloz Medico Especialista, Álvaro PaulThis research is about antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms prevalent in periodontal abscesses in pediatric patients aged 6 to 12 years who attend the dental Specialties Office. Periodontal abscess is an oral infection caused by bacteria that destroy the connective tissue, encapsulation of the bacterial infection occurs, causing a serious problem. The microorganisms causing periodontal abscess and susceptibility to antibiotics were identified through phenotypic tests, such as selective cultures to isolate microorganisms present in periodontal abscesses, biochemical tests for their identification and antibiogram for the study of susceptibility. The objective is to determine the antimicrobial resistance behavior of microorganisms prevalent in periodontal abscesses. The research is qualitative and quantitative, non-experimental, prospective, non-parametric, the research process goes through the descriptive level because the study was conducted in pediatric children, and in its relationship the research is correlational by establishing a connection between the identification of prevalent microorganisms in periodontal abscesses and antimicrobial resistance patterns and finally it is prospective. From the 110 analyzed samples of periodontal abscesses of pediatric patients, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus viridans Enterococcus spp were isolated by phenotypic methods. An analysis of the accumulation of susceptibility patterns of prevalent strains was performed. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the MRSA resistance pattern, Staphylococcus spp and Streptococcus viridans resistant to MLSB and Enterococcus spp resistant to ampicillin identified by the antibiogram and it was determined that there is a high prevalence of periodontal abscesses in pediatric patients aged 6 and 7 years. An antimicrobial susceptibility card was developed for the cumulative analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus viridans and Enterococcus spp in periodontal abscesses.Item “Prevalencia de las micosis en los miembros superiores e inferiores de las personas que residen en la parroquia rural de Pinguilí Santo Domingo del Cantón Mocha.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2020-01-01) Ramos Bayas, Oscar Enrico; Tabares Rosero, Lourdes GiocondaDra.Fungal agents are found distributed in environment and can affect the human being, when they find all the necessary conditions to survive. There are predisposing factors for its development, among these we have: lack of hygiene, low socioeconomic status, outdoor occupational activities such as agriculture, contact with animals and health status. The objective of this research was to study the prevalence of mycoses in upper and lower limbs in people residing in rural parish of Pinguilí-Santo Domingo from canton Mocha Ecuador. This study was carried out using descriptive cross-sectional method in the period May-August 2019, where the study population was 132 people, between 35 and 85 years of age. For identification, were use techniques such as Optical microscopy, direct KOH examination, lactophenol blue staining, Sabouraud culture, slide Culture and urease. Concluding a prevalence of mycosis in upper limbs of 82.57%, 2.27% corresponding to Trichophyton mentagrophytes, while the 80.30% corresponds to opportunistic fungi. A prevalence in lower limbs of 90.15%, corresponding 35.61% to Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum in a 34.09% and 1.52% respectively, while 54.54% corresponds to opportunistic fungi. In the skin of lower limbs, 16 people positive for lesions were identified, in this group, 75% corresponding to T. mentagrophytes and 25% to opportunistic fungi. Being clear that agriculture and animal husbandry predispose to acquire superficial mycoses, this research helps the population to learn about fungal infections through educational talks and can prevent them by improving their hygiene habits.Item “Determinación de la actividad bactericida del agua de plata sobre ensaladas listas para el consumo humano en restaurantes cercanos a una institución de educación superior”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio, 2017-10-01) San Lucas Coque, Segundo Moisés; Ramos Ramírez, Martha Cecilia Bqf. Mg.The present work had as objective to determine the bactericidal activity of the silver water on salads ready for the human consumption in restaurants located near the Technical University of Ambato campus Ingahurco. Sampling was performed on the total salads sold at the food stalls, and Petrifilm plates were used for contamination indicators: aerobic mesophiles, E.coli / coliforms, molds and yeasts. The first dilution of the samples was processed to determine the initial microbial load present, then it was subjected to a treatment of equal volumes with the concentrations of 5ppm and 10ppm of silver water, at the first minute the first planting was made in the plates for the Contamination indicators and after five minutes the second planting. The cultures were processed according to their requirements and once the incubation time had elapsed, the microbiological count was performed. Aerobic mesophiles had a higher than permissible microbial load in 45% of samples, total coliforms by 35% and yeasts by 12.5%, whereas E. coli and molds showed no higher than permissible microbial loads. For the statistical part we worked with the comparison of the means of the total of the data obtained in the factors in which we can observe the effect that each concentration had on the initial microbial load according to the contact time. The silver water managed to reduce considerably more than 80% of the initial microbial load present in the total of the studied salads, being acceptable for the human consumption. The combination of the highest concentration and time of exposure were effective for the reduction of microbial load except for molds, which, despite being greatly reduced, because of their different structure to that of the bacteria did not present a considerable decrease.Item Determinación de Agentes Patógenos Causantes de Neumonías y su Relación con Resistencia Bacteriana en la Unidad de cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Docente Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-06-01) Dávila Taco, Víctor Hugo; Tabares Rosero, Lourdes Gioconda Dra.This research project's main objective is to determine pathogens causing pneumonia and its relation to bacterial resistance in the Intensive Care Unit of the Teaching Hospital Ambato. The study was conducted by laboratory tests which were the culture and sensitivity by the Kirby Bauer method which is able to verify the hypothesis. The study was conducted in 50 patients with pneumonia in the ICU, which revealed that 39.6% have the bacteria K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae has 37.5%, 14.6% presented S. aureus and 8.3% have P. aeruginosa. It is concluded that K. pneumoniae is resistant to Amoxicillin + ac . Clavulanate with 57.9 % , 47.4 % resistant to imipenem , resistant to Ciprofloxacin 42.1 % , 31.6 % resistant to Piperacillin / Tazobactam , resistant Cefaxitina 26.3% and 10.5% Cefepime and resistant cefotaxime , S. pneumoniae 44.4 % are resistant to clindamycin and imipenem , 38.9 % resistant to Amoxicillin + ac . clavulanic , resistant to cefotaxime 33.3% , 27.8 % resistant to levofloxacin , rifampin resistant 16.7 % and 11.1 % resistant to erythromycin and ceftriaxone , S. aureus 71 , 4 % is resistant to levofloxacin , Gentamicin resistant 57.1 % , 28.6 % resistant to Ciprofloxacin and clindamycin and 14.3 % resistant to Amoxicillin + ac . clavulanate and amikacin and P. aeruginosa 50% is resistant to Gentamicin , cefepime , ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin and 25% resistant to ceftazidime , imipenem and meropenem .