Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Estudio del cáncer de cérvix desde una perspectiva social(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-13) Alvear Acosta, Ana Belén; Analuisa Jiménez, Eulalia IsabelCervical cancer is a pathology that affects women between 35 and 44 years of age, representing an important health problem for families. On many occasions, its incidence is dueto women's limited access to detection services and optimal treatment. Hence, in this work a study on cervical cancer is carried out from a social perspective, and in this way to know the level of knowledge and the type of information that is handled in the social sectors, about study. For the collection of information, a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach is used, specialized, and focused interviews are applied. In such a way, it was possible to identify a low to intermediate level of preventive information on cervical cancer and only 50% perform exploratory cytology after the start of sexual activity and periodically.Item Expresión de las proteínas bax y bcl2 en lesiones preinvasivas e invasivas de cérvix.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Medicina, 2021-02-01) Mestanza Zurita, Jéssica Gabriela; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy Nayghit Dra. PHDIntroduction: Cervical cancer represents 7.5% of female mortality worldwide. Late detection, lack of knowledge about risk factors, about detection tests and their difficult access are the main causes. Neoplastic processes in cervix are triggered by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 and 18, as well as the progression to malignancy whereby the application of costeffective prevention models such as screening and opportune treatment of preinvasive lesions is essential. The mechanisms and factors which determine the progression from preinvasive to invasive lesions remain a matter of debate. However, strategic HPV action points have been identified in the mechanisms of infection persistence, evasion and alteration of the immune system; and the modification of apoptotic pathways, all of these for the purpose of cell immortalization carried out through the alteration of protein 53 (p53) and Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and, therefore, in protein signaling of the BCL2 family, essential proteins in the regulation of cellular apoptosis for tissue homeostasis, as well as in the cellular mechanisms of protection against DNA damage, cellular stress or harmful stimuli, and one of the main targets of HPV so their interaction is the subject of several investigations. Objective: Analyze the expression of BAX and BCL2 proteins in pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions. Methodology: The study population was composed of female patients who met the inclusion criteria, a clinical history, gynecological physical examination, taking Papanicolao samples, colposcopy and biopsies that were later processed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, HeLa cell cultures were performed, from which the RNA was extracted and qRTPCR was performed for BAX and BCL2. Results: BAX presented statistically significant in situ expression when comparing the control vs CIN I, II, III and cancer, but no relationship was found between the progression of the lesions. On the other hand, BCL2 did not show significant expression values. In the relative expression of Bax and Bcl2 by qRTPCR in Hela cells, BAX showed higher expression. No changes were identified in the expression of BAX and BCL2 proteins depending on the HPV positivity infection. Conclusions: BAX and BCL2 are pro-apoptotic proteins whose expression patterns are altered in situ and in peripheral blood lymphocytes due to their interaction with HPV, so these proteins are considered potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, hence the importance of their determination in samples from of patients with different degrees of injury. Recommendations: Carry out quantitative studies on the expression of BAX and BCL2 in pre-invasive and invasive lesions of the cervix and in peripheral blood lymphocytes to determine their predictive value in the progression of carcinogenic processes.Item “Situación actual del virus del papiloma humano (vph) de alto y bajo riesgo asociado a lesiones cervicales en mujeres del ecuador.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2019-07-01) Falcón Córdova, Diana Carolina; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy Nayghit PhDInfection caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted in women, the causative factor of cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death in Ecuador. Information about this casuistry in the country is limited and inconclusive about genotypes and variants of HPV, associated with cancerous cervical lesions. In recent years, insufficient data has been generated that can predict the impact of HPV on women in Ecuador The methodology used to perform the meta-analysis of this bibliographic document was based on a systematic search of all the research carried out in the last 10 years on the prevalence of HPV in Ecuador, through academic search engines using Boolean operators that allowed a more specific search. for data collection and elaboration of analysis tables. The results obtained indicated that genotypes 16.58 and 18 percent are the most prevalent in Ecuador. Noting that there is only research generated in the South and the coastal region of Ecuador and that the data is neither homogeneous nor sufficient to generate statistical data on the current situation. To know the situation of the distribution of HPV in the country, a large-scale epidemiological and phylogenetic characterization should be carried out, establishing study methodologies, sampling and measurement variables that allow a better definition of this problem; since prevention measures taken to counteract cervical cancer in the country would not be the most appropriate, aggravating the situation more due to the migratory movements generated in recent times