Ciencias de la Salud
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Item MEMORIA DE TRABAJO Y COMUNICACIÓN FAMILIAR EN PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD(2025-03-05) Abril Sánchez, Doménica Micaela; Flores Hernández, Verónica Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe objective of this study was to identify the relationship between working memory and family communication in people with disabilities. A sample of 40 people, aged between 20 and 64 years, belonging to a day care center in Ambato, Ecuador, was used. The research adopted a quantitative, descriptivecorrelational, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach. The INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) and the Family Communication Scale (FCS) were used for data collection. The results showed that there is no significant correlation between both variables; the mean score in working memory was 2.20, while the mean score in family communication was 37.3. In addition, statistically significant differences were found in the perception of family communication according to sex (T (38) = 2.43, p < 0.05), with men reporting better communication in the family environment compared to women.Item FUNCIONES EJECUTIVAS Y SATISFACCIÓN CON LA VIDA EN PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD(2025-03-05) Pozo Lascano, Katherin Anahi; Flores Hernández, Fernanda Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe objective of this study was to determine the relationship between Executive Functions and Satisfaction with Life in people with disabilities. We worked with a sample of 40 participants between 20 and 64 years old, belonging to a day center for people with disabilities in Tungurahua. The research presented a quantitative approach, with descriptive scope and a non-experimental design was used. Two instruments were used for data collection: the INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The results revealed that there is no significant relationship between Executive Functions and Satisfaction with Life. However, the low scores in Executive Functions suggested that a large part of the participants could have characteristics of cognitive impairment, on the other hand, regarding the second variable, the majority of the population reported high levels, that is, they were very satisfied with their life. Finally, a gender comparison was made to find out who was more satisfied with their life, but the results did not reveal significant differences.Item PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DEL INSTRUMENTO NEUROPSICOLÓGICO INECO FRONTAL SCREENING (IFS) EN POBLACIÓN CON DISCAPACIDAD(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-09-09) Tipán Llumiguano, Anahi Ibeth; Flores Hernández, Verónica FernandaThe study population with disability characteristics showed physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment, which has triggered environmental and social barriers . These people show limitations to their cognitive capabilities, specifically the execut i v e functions themselves, which are key to addressing challenges and goals, by integrat i n g elements such as inhibition, working memory, cognitional flexibility and planning that will improve the quality of life of this population group. The INECO instrument was applied to 90 adults institutionalized in inclusive centres of Tungurahua – Ecuador, using the instrument evaluated their structure, reliability and comparison of scores by sex, showing high internal consistency (coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.834). The results indicated that the IFS has a single "executive functions" factor, explaining 46.3% of the variance, with each item showing a significant load on this factor, confirming its uniqueness. In summary, IFS is a reliable and useful tool for evaluating executi v e functions in persons with disabilities, highlighting its focus on the executive performa n c e factor and its strong internal consistency.Item MEMORIA DE TRABAJO E INDICADORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS EN PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-09-06) Luna Aguirre, Michelle Estefanía; Flores Hernández, Verónica FernandaPersons with disabilities face limitations in their abilities, which can affect executive functions, including working memory, which allows them to temporarily retain and manipulate relevant information to perform complex mental tasks. The research was aimed at determining whether there is a relationship between working memory and socio-demographic indicators in persons with disabilities, taking into account factors such as age, sex and household sector. A quantitative approach was employed with a non-experimental design and a correlational descriptive scope. Work was carried out with 90 registered persons in disability centres in the province of Tungurahua-Ecuador. Through the application of the Ineco Frontal Screening and the sociodemographic file. The results showed an association between sex and working memory. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between working memory and age, nor was there any association between work memory performance and residence sector.Item Intervención de enfermería en la movilidad física en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermeria, 2024-05-01) Romero Mejía, Daniela Alejandra; Espín López, Valeria Isabel Md. Mg.Induction: Older adults go through a series of physiological changes, making loss of physical, psychological and cognitive functions common in this population, mostly causing dependency to perform activities in basic daily life. This condition makes older adults fragile and prone to any type of fall leading to disability, increased hospitalisation and even death, therefore, exercise is the best prevention tool. Objective: To determine the effect of nursing intervention on the deterioration of physical mobility in older adults. Methods: Quantitative approach, quasi-experimental design with correlational scope. The population consisted of 70 older adults, the sample was chosen by inclusion and exclusion criteria, data collection was by the Barthel index and the battery (SPPB); subsequently data tabulation was carried out using the SPSS statistical programme. The research was framed within the bioethical aspects established in the declaration of Helsinki. Results: Older adults prone to frailty are women, who improved their condition from frail to pre-frail, using the Otago exercise programme. Conclusions: Nursing interventions are of utmost importance as care plans can be designed, ensuring a better quality of life.Item Discapacidad y calidad de vida en adultos institucionalizados por consumo de sustancias(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-03-01) Parra Fauta, Daily de los Angeles; Mena Freire, Marco Antonio Ps. Cl. Mgs.En el ámbito de la salud pública a nivel global, el consumo problemático de sustancias representa una preocupación significativa, particularmente en grupos vulnerables como los adultos institucionalizados. En este contexto, la relación entre discapacidad y calidad de vida adquiere relevancia, ya que ambos aspectos están intrínsecamente ligados a la salud física y psicológica de estas personas. Este estudio, realizado en centros especializados en Ecuador, se propuso determinar dicha relación en adultos de 18 a 50 años. A través de un enfoque cuantitativo correlacional con 101 participantes de género masculino, se identificó una correlación negativa leve entre la calidad de vida y las dimensiones de discapacidad en movilidad y cuidado personal. No obstante, no se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre el total de las variables ni diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos de edad. En conclusión, se evidenció que a medida que la disfuncionalidad en movilidad y cuidado personal aumenta, la calidad de vida tiende a disminuir de manera leve en este segmento de la población.Item Síndrome de sobrecarga y calidad de vida del cuidador de pacientes con discapacidad en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Cárdenas Paredes, Diana Verónica Md.; Garcés Jerez, Katherine Elizabeth Md. Esp.The present research work aims to determine the influence of the overload syndrome on the quality of life of the caregiver of patients with disabilities in the first level of care. The care environment that is provided to a person with a disability demands great responsibility with total use of time to provide care to the dependent patient and with it the consequent work overload that in turn will produce negative effects on the physical, emotional, social and quality of life of the caregiver. The study methodology is quantitative, field, bibliographic and correlational. The study population is 50 caregivers of patients with disabilities belonging to the Pilahuín parish. The research techniques and instruments were the survey based on the WHO SF-36 questionnaire to establish the level of quality of life and the Zarit Test was used to determine which population of caregivers suffers from overload syndrome. The results determined that 76% present a medium- high level of quality of life, also 52% present mild overload, while 32% do not suffer from overload and 16% have severe overload. It is concluded that overload syndrome influences the quality of life of caregivers of patients with disabilities, there is asignificant relationship between the variables. The proposal is the design of a health promotion strategy aimed at caregivers of patients with disabilities for the prevention ofoverload syndromeItem Rehabilitación Cardiorrespiratoria en domicilios para mejorar la calidad de vida de personas con discapacidad física de la parroquia Constantino Fernández(2022-02-01) Sailema Manobanda, Natalia Alexandra Lcda. Ft.; Sandoval Velásquez, Gloria Gabriela MSC.Cardiorespiratory rehabilitation in homes to improve the quality of life of people with physical disabilities, of the Constantino Fernández parish: it allows to establish an approach of co-responsibility before vulnerable groups, who are in a situation of poverty, with disabling diseases and without health care . The theory addressed, contextualizes important variables, for the development of a new modality of physiotherapeutic care, in order to establish scientific antecedents, which generate the interest of a group of health professionals, to make the design of a cardiorespiratory rehabilitation guide feasible. aimed at patients with motor disabilities in their homes; factoring in the issue that it contributes to a continuous improvement of the quality of life of this population group. Being a qualitative descriptive research, with a social interest paradigm that builds knowledge on the part of the professionals involved; that from a systematic review allows to define a check list, in which the non-parametric difference is statistically reviewed, to verify the hypothesis that the design of the components, procedures and incidents of the guide is carried out to enter the Parish GAD Constantino Fernández and being able to apply it once the sanitary conditions of the COVID 19 pandemic allow it, which will provide comprehensive care to patients, influencing social inclusion.Item Cuidador principal y la discapacidad en el Ecuador: un enfoque de revisión(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-04-01) Díaz Cabrera, Melissa Selena; Quenoran Almeida, Verónica Sofía Lic. Mg.Currently in Ecuador it is evident that the main caregiver does not receive the necessary medical assistance, as does the person with a disability; so it develops symptoms such as high levels of fatigue, physical exhaustion, among others. For this article, the objective of analyzing the situation of the main caregiver and disability in Ecuador was raised by preparing a bibliographic review article, where information from indexed journals was compiled, disabilities and their classification, statistics in Ecuador were collected. , including the main caregiver, the type of caregivers, their symptoms, and some scientific evidence of the current problem.Item Calidad del cuidado enfermero en personas con discapacidad en el contexto de America Latina(2021-03-01) Beltrán Espín, Mariela Paulina; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda Lic. Mag.Introduction: Nowadays, the quality of nursing care is gaining more and more importance in Latin America because it is a tool that allows improving treatment and reducing clinical and administrative errors, enabling better patient management. However, this has been little explored in the field of disability due to lack of interest, resources and information about their health conditions. Objective: To determine the quality of nursing care in people with disabilities in Latin America context. Methods: it is a systematic review and a meta-analysis using databases such as: BVS, MEDLINE, PubMed LILACS, SCIELO, through keywords like: disability, nursing care, quality, care, nursing, using the Spanish and English languages, during the period between 2015 to 2020, with the use of PRISMA methods. Results: The initial search provided a total of 1300 records, being eligible 50 of them, excluding 36 that were not relevant, therefore, 14 were chosen. Conclusions: The lack of quality indicators in nursing care for disability, made clear the need to define some of them, in order to improve the care that people with different capacities receive and require, which must include tangible and intangible aspects in both the structuring, the care process and the results.