Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Implementación de un protocolo de control de calidad para la esterilización de desechos biocontaminados producidos en el laboratorio de microbiología del Hospital General Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-10) Ñacato Anchaluisa, Byron Rafael; Guangasig Toapanta, Víctor Hernán Bq.F. Mg.The correct disposal of biocontaminated elements is a responsibility that cannot be taken as a minor problem and even worse considering that the management of these wastes can be done without the respective considerations, the impact that the incorrect disposal of waste has several consequences, it can affect both the personnel who work in the institution, as well as the other people who come to the HGDA for any other reason, as well as the environmental impact becomes irreversible. There are regulations issued by the Ministry of Health, the same ones that are not carried out due to various factors, or due to ignorance of these regulations, despite the fact that they are documents available to officials and that they should only be compliance compliance, notwithstanding the This work points out the issue of sterilization of biocontaminated waste before its final disposal, with which we will be able to reduce the chances of causing cross-infection, between the waste produced in the microbiology area and the personnel who work in this department. The protocol to be implemented will allow us to carry out an effective, controlled and verified process of sterilization of biocontaminated waste, thanks to the verification and monitoring of physical controls (temperature, time, pressure), chemical (control tape) and biological (thermostatic bacteria). resistant). A critical point that was denoted when conducting a brief survey of the personnel involved, is that many do not know the correct way to eliminate or handle these contaminated elements, which is why this work will allow us to identify the shortcomings to correct them and promote the actions that are done correctlyItem Evaluación de los requisitos técnicos de los servicios prestados por los laboratorios clínicos privados del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2022-09-01) Ortega Barrionuevo, Jonathan Daniel; Galárraga Pérez, Edison Arturo Dr. Mg.The technical requirements contemplated in a reference standard such as ISO 15189 for clinical laboratories in charge of analyzing biological samples are defined as topics to be fulfilled by clinical laboratories aspiring to achieve true quality management and their acceptance demonstrates that a laboratory is technically competent and capable of issuing technically valid results. The present investigative work is of a descriptive, qualitative and bibliographic nature which, through the consultation of bibliographic sources and information collection instruments in the form of surveys of technical managers of 80 private laboratories in the Ambato canton, showed in the form of percentages the answers that The respondents provided each question related to each technical requirement required by the ISO 15189 standard, in addition to making a detailed interpretation of each question relating the theoretical knowledge and the importance that the technical managers of the laboratories give to each requirement. The continuous search for quality and mechanisms that facilitate its real implementation to issue results that are clinically useful for patients and clinical professionals constitutes the importance of this study.Item “Intoxicación fatal por órgano fosforado de tipo de profenofos, secundaria a intento autolítico”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2018-10-01) Vargas Arboleda, Paola Estefanía; Sunta Ruíz, Mario Leopoldo Dr. Esp.According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), intoxication by cholinesterase inhibitors is one of the most frequent methods of autolytic attempts, especially in developing countries, where autolytic intentionality is 73%. The WHO has reported that approximately 5 million people suffer from poisoning due to different agrotoxins annually; estimating that about 900,000 people die from this figure; where 99% of those affected live in developing countries. With respect to the countries belonging to South America, Ecuador ranks fourth in the use of cholinesterase inhibiting compounds in Latin America. These compounds are widely used worldwide, both in agricultural and domestic activities; and because they are very liposoluble compounds, they are absorbed by all exposure routes. The oral route is important in voluntary and accidental exposures; the dermal, the conjunctival and the inhalatory, in occupational exposures. The mechanism of action of these substances is the irreversible inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, causing a cholinergic syndrome, with the consequent muscarinic, nicotinic and central nervous system effects. Within this group of compounds is Profenofos, an organophosphorus insecticide / acaricide, whose toxicity is based on the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, causing the accumulation of acetylcholine in the neuronal and neuromuscular synapses. The present Clinical Case Analysis has been developed through a descriptive investigation based on Epidemiology and Public Health, reviewing the Clinical History of a patient with phosphorus organ poisoning of the Profenofos type, secondary to an autolytic attempt of the Ambato General Teaching Hospital, same that goes to the service of Emergency to receive the therapeutic measures and of necessary handling for the recovery of the picture; despite which the patient dies within a few hours of admission.Item “Accidente cerebrovascular isquémico: infarto de tallo cerebral”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2018-05-01) Carrillo Bayas, Andrés Daniel; Córdova Peñaloza, OpilioDr. Esp.The Ischemic Stroke represents the third cause of death, the first cause of physical disability and the second cause of dementia in adults. Annually an estimated 15 million people in the world suffer a stroke, of these, five million die and another five suffer a permanent disability, which has a very significant impact on families and society. Ischemic stroke is the clinical syndrome that is characterized by symptoms and / or focal signs that develop rapidly, sometimes with global loss of brain function, lasting more than 24 hours, with no apparent cause other than a vascular origin due to obstruction or occlusion arterial. The probable reasons for this deterioration include the extension of the thrombus, the failure of the substitution of collateral circulation, and the progression towards arterial occlusion. The presence of hypotension due to cardiac compromise, or the increase in blood viscosity due to dehydration, can aggravate ischemic stroke and increase patient deterioration. The adequate initial care of these patients allows reducing the morbidity and mortality and sequelae associated with this pathology. Two clear phases are distinguished: 1) Prehospital and 2) Hospitable during the first hour. The knowledge of Controllable or treatable Risk Factors and the non-treatable ones; This starts from the daily practice in hospitals and primary care centers, as well as patients with neurological sequelae due to a Stroke caused by the lack of adequate control. xii The present Clinical Case Analysis was developed through a descriptive investigation based on Epidemiology and Public Health, reviewing the Clinical History of a patient with Ischemic Stroke: Cerebral Stem Infarction of the General Ambato Teaching Hospital of the Intensive Care Unit.Item Factores que influyen en el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad del proceso control prenatal en el Centro de Salud de Lasso(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Guanochanga Collaguazo, Rita Paulina Md.; Fajardo Rodríguez Dr. Esp., OtonielWith the objective of determining the factors that influence the compliance with the quality standards of the process prenatal care at the Health Center Type C of Lasso in the period January-March 2016, proceeded to perform a qualitative-quantitative study, field, observational, documentary, descriptive-correlational study. The universe was constituted by the whole of doctors and midwives and the total number of pregnant women with 5 or more prenatal controls, were surveyed to professionals and pregnant women, and was conducted documentary review of the clinical histories, the data were entered into an Excel database and processed in the program SPSS statistical, applying the Chi square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The 26 per cent of pregnant women are adolescents, 42.9% have bachelor fulfilled and illiteracy did not exceed 2.4 per cent and half of them are housewives. The 30% perceived an regular and bad treatment, while statistical significance between the treatment with the level of instruction. The 50 per cent of the professionals are not considered important to the registration of the standards, and the same percentage not the recorded completely in the medical histories. The 86.6% considered insufficient time for consultation and 66.7% are unaware of the existence of the Manual of Standards indicators and instruments for measuring the quality of Maternal and Neonatal. It was concluded that there is a high incidence of teenage pregnancy, the level of schooling is high, one third of the patients reported a treatment between bad and regulate, half of the professionals consider not important and therefore do not record the prenatal control process standards. Three quarters of the professionals consider insufficient time for consultation and are unaware of the existence of the manual of standards.Item Conocimiento sobre tratamiento y complicaciones con Influencia en la meta de control de la presión arterial en personas adultas hipertensas del subcentro de salud la Vicentina 2016.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Castillo Borja, Gabriela Fernanda Md.; Torres Torres Dr., Johny MauricioArterial Hypertension (AHT) is a multicausal disease that requires multiple interventions to control it. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the influence of knowledge on treatment and complications of hypertension in the control of hypertensive adults who attended the outpatient Health Center Vicentina during 2015, from different sociodemographic such as sex, age, educational level and socioeconomic status. There was a predominance of females with 70%, those over 65 years of age with 56.20% and primary schooling 56,20% and low socioeconomic status 51,20%. The 73.80% of the population had knowledge about treatment and complications of hypertension and 61,25 % did meet the goal of control. It is concluded that existed in the patients studied showed significant frequencies influence of knowledge about treatment and complications of hypertension in meeting the goal of control. It is recommended that additional research in the future be conducted with emphasis on risk factors and other relations with hypertensive patients such as the body mass index and stages of the disease to analyze meeting the goal of control of the disease. The application of the proposed guide of prevention of hypertension to be presented in health centers of primary care.Item Estilos Parentales y su Influencia en el Autoconcepto en Adolescentes de los quintos cursos del colegio María Natalia Vaca de la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Psicología Clínica, 2016-09-01) Rojas Torres, Carmen Lorena; . Ponce Delgado, Águeda del Rocío DraThis research is aimed at analyzing whether or relationship between parental and styles self-concept in adolescence, for which assessments have been conducted to 115 adolescents of the Colegio María Natalia Vaca city of Ambato, in order to measure the perception of adolescents regarding the parenting style that is used by parents aging process, and determine the existence of relationship between parental and styles self-concept, this being an aspect of vital importance in the evolutionary development of the human being, for purpose of this research contextualization of the problem at the level of Europe, Latin America and Ecuador was deemed appropriate to place in order to adequately study, after analyzing the information through the SPSS statistical program. 20 which allow obtaining accurate statistical Square Chi could conclude that if parenting styles influence self-concept, especially the authoritarian and permissive style that generates medium and low levels of self-concept.