Ciencias de la Salud
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Item VALORACION DE LA CAPACIDAD FUNCIONAL Y FISICA EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE UNA COMUNIDAD ECUATORIANA(2025-06-17) Pumasunta Pumasunta Evelyn Gissela; Espín López Valeria Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Aging is a natural process that entails physical, biological, social and psychological changes, resulting in a gradual deterioration of physical and functional capabilities, as well as an increased risk of loss of autonomy over time. Objective: To assess the functional and physical capacity in older adults in an Ecuadorian Community Methods: A quantitative study, with a cross-sectional, correlational design and descriptive scope, was carried out in the “Unidad Santa Anita de Adultos Mayores” in the province of Cotopaxi in the community of Ilimpucho, the sample was 20 older adults. Sociodemographic characteristics, inclusion and exclusion criteria were evaluated. The Lawton and Brody Scale and the Bateria de capacidades fisicas (BCF) were used. Informed consent was obtained and SSPS version 27.0 was used for analysis and comparisons. Results: The minimum age was 67 years and the maximum was 81 years. It was identified that 63% of the older adults evaluated have a satisfactory physical condition with a slight dependence on their functional capacity. When analyzing the relationship between functional and physical capacity, we found that 63.6% of participants with satisfactory physical capacity presented a slight dependence on their functional capacity. Conclusions: Older adults with better physical condition tend to have less functional dependence, which highlights the importance of promoting adapted physical activity to preserve independence and quality of life for healthy aging.Item Programa de Rehabilitación Cardiaca Domiciliaria para mejorar la funcionalidad en adultos mayores con hipertensión(2025-03-17) Guanoluisa Chávez, Cynthia Patricia; Campos Moposita, Angela Priscila; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosHome-based cardiac rehabilitation has become a fundamental strategy to improve the health and functionality of older adults, especially those with high blood pressure. The main objective of the research was to determine the effects of a homebased cardiac rehabilitation program on the functionality of hypertensive older adults. To do so, a quasi-experimental study was carried out in which the Senior Fitness Test was applied to evaluate the functional physical condition of the participants before and after the intervention. The program consisted of an aerobic exercise regimen (continuous and interval sprint) that consisted of stretching, joint mobility and breathing exercises, carried out for 14 weeks, with supervised sessions three times a week. The most significant results showed a notable improvement in the functional capacity of older adults, evidenced by the increase in the Senior Fitness Test scores. In addition, a decrease in blood pressure levels was observed, indicating that the program not only improved physical functionality but also contributed to the control of hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of regular physical activity in the cardiovascular health of older adults. In conclusion, the home-based cardiac rehabilitation program proved to be effective in improving functionality and reducing hypertension in older adults. The continuation of this type of program and the training of health professionals for its implementation in other communities is recommended. The proposal includes the development of similar initiatives that promote physical activity and healthy habits in the older adult population.Item La funcionalidad familiar y su relación con la ansiedad en adolescentes de bachillerato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-03-01) Caguana Sopa, Mishel Elizabeth; Tobar Viera, Andrea Susana Ps. Cl. Mg.Family functionality is known as a system where there are inter-family and interpersonal relationships that facilitate satisfaction within the home. In addition, due to the changes that adolescents undergo, the family should be the pillar of support for the formation of their behavior. Likewise, it facilitates the development and growth of each member of the household, respecting their personal space, privacy and freedom. It contributes as a means of protection in situations of risk and problems that are typical of adolescence. In this sense, if the family dynamics are altered, the family members generate several psychological alterations, among them anxiety. Anxiety in adolescents is presented through exaggerated worry, behavioral changes, traumatic experiences and fears generated by specific objects or in situations of social interaction. The study consisted of 141 adolescents aged 14 to 17 years with a mean of 14.9. The FF-SIL Questionnaire was used to evaluate the first variable and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale for the second variable. The results of the research show that adolescents identify with a moderately functional family is 44.0% and 48.9% have mild anxiety. It was shown that anxiety does not differ according to sex and it can be concluded that having an adequate perception of family functionality is related to anxiety in adolescents.Item Funcionalidad familiar y su influencia en el consumo de substancias psicoactivas en adolescentes de la parroquia Quisapincha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Achachi Meléndez, Darío Xavier Md.; Dávalos Barzola, Cindy Grace Dra. Esp.The consumption of substances at the level of the population of Latin America has undergone changes, over the years the percentage of consumption has increased now, the consumption of psychoactive substances by women being greater, the consumption of marijuana increased notably, mainly in countries Like Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, in adolescents, as they are modifying their behavior, the consumption of these substances achieves an addictive effect 10 times more. In Quisapincha there is great consumption of alcohol by the adolescent population, in addition there is great migration of the economically productive population, leaving families broken and dysfunctional. It is of interest to relate family functionality to the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents of the Quisapincha parish. Carrying out a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study. (1) Applying the FF SIL test to determine family functionality and the ASSIST test to determine the risk of consumption of psychoactive substances. In a sample of 105 adolescents, it was determined that family dysfunction is not related to the incidence of consumption {x2 (1, N = 105) = 1.414, p <0.234}, but functionality is a protective factor for substance use OR: 0.579. Conclusions: the consumption of psychoactive substances in the adolescent population is constantly growing, it was not possible to determine whether family functionality has a statistical relationship with substance use, but family functionality was a protective factor for substance use. equal incidence in both mestizo and indigenous populations. Recommendations An adequate intervention in the health system can improve the use and quality of preventive clinical services, it is important to control each priority population.