Ciencias de la Salud
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Item “Intoxicación fatal por órgano fosforado de tipo de profenofos, secundaria a intento autolítico”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2018-10-01) Vargas Arboleda, Paola Estefanía; Sunta Ruíz, Mario Leopoldo Dr. Esp.According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), intoxication by cholinesterase inhibitors is one of the most frequent methods of autolytic attempts, especially in developing countries, where autolytic intentionality is 73%. The WHO has reported that approximately 5 million people suffer from poisoning due to different agrotoxins annually; estimating that about 900,000 people die from this figure; where 99% of those affected live in developing countries. With respect to the countries belonging to South America, Ecuador ranks fourth in the use of cholinesterase inhibiting compounds in Latin America. These compounds are widely used worldwide, both in agricultural and domestic activities; and because they are very liposoluble compounds, they are absorbed by all exposure routes. The oral route is important in voluntary and accidental exposures; the dermal, the conjunctival and the inhalatory, in occupational exposures. The mechanism of action of these substances is the irreversible inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, causing a cholinergic syndrome, with the consequent muscarinic, nicotinic and central nervous system effects. Within this group of compounds is Profenofos, an organophosphorus insecticide / acaricide, whose toxicity is based on the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme, causing the accumulation of acetylcholine in the neuronal and neuromuscular synapses. The present Clinical Case Analysis has been developed through a descriptive investigation based on Epidemiology and Public Health, reviewing the Clinical History of a patient with phosphorus organ poisoning of the Profenofos type, secondary to an autolytic attempt of the Ambato General Teaching Hospital, same that goes to the service of Emergency to receive the therapeutic measures and of necessary handling for the recovery of the picture; despite which the patient dies within a few hours of admission.