Ciencias de la Salud

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Author: search.filters.author.León Panoluisa, Heydi GabrielaHas files: Yes

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    COMPLICACIONES MATERNO-FETALES DE LA DIABETES GESTACIONAL
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) León Panoluisa, Heydi Gabriela; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivonne
    Introduction. Gestational diabetes, a metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy, is crucial in obstetrics because it affects the health of the mother and the fetus. Caused by high glucose levels, it is linked to poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. It is common in 90% of pregnant women and its early detection is vital to prevent complications. Objective. To evaluate the maternal-fetal complications of gestational diabetes. Method. The study is a retrospective review. Databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar were used, selecting studies using specific search terms and the PRISMA methodology. The inclusion criteria for the selection of documents were those that contained the terms “diabetes”, “gestational diabetes”, “complications in the pregnant woman”, “complications in fetuses” and “newborns”. Articles without language and free access restrictions, published between 2019 and 2024, were accepted. The exclusion criteria included documents in difficult to translate languages and studies that lacked relevant information. Results. Studies indicated an increase in maternal and neonatal complications in women with gestational diabetes, highlighting the prevalence of fetal macrosomia and type 2 diabetes. Obesity, maternal age > 30 years, history of diabetes are important risk factors. Conclusions. Gestational diabetes manifests more in the second trimester, requiring early detection and intervention. It was found that it is associated with fetal complications such as macrosomia, hypoglycemia and obesity, highlighting the importance of adequate follow-up and management.