Ciencias de la Salud

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    Trombosis Venosa Profunda más Insuficiencia Respiratoria secundaria A Tromboembolia Pulmonar
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-06-01) Aguilar Acosta, Fernanda Maribel; . Garzón Carrera, Karina Soledad Dra
    Thrombosis is a multigenic disease that is increasingly seen most often associated with multiple risk factors, knowledge of them have established staging criteria in order to provide the best preventive and therapeutic measure in patients who may have thrombosis. Scientific evidence in multiple clinical studies shows that the presence of a thromboembolic event is the sum of risk factors, although there is also the presentation of thrombosis without apparent cause. The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) based solely on their symptoms and clinical examination is of little use because of its low sensitivity and specificity. However, proper combination with the presence of risk factors and the existence of an alternative diagnosis, can be used to classify patients according to clinical prediction model of DVT of Wells in two categories: high or low probability of be exposed. Emergency use in conjunction with the determination of D-dimer (DD) will indicate whether or not currently perform an echo-Doppler, the complementary test of choice. Heparins low molecular weight has displaced unfractionated in the treatment of disease, due to the number of drawbacks: bleeding complications, thrombopenia, need for hospitalization and biological control. It is possible, that in a more or less near future new antithrombotic such as fondaparinux substantially change the treatment of DVT. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a relatively common cardiovascular emergency. Pulmonary arterial occlusion bed may cause acute right ventricular failure is potentially reversible but endangers the patient's life. The diagnosis of PTSD is difficult and can be overlooked because no specific clinical presentation. However, early diagnosis is critical because immediate treatment is highly effective. Depending on the clinical presentation, initial treatment is primarily aimed at restoring the flow through the occluded pulmonary arteries or prevent potentially fatal early recurrences. Both the initial treatment and long-term anticoagulation is required for secondary prevention they must be justified in each patient according to an appropriately validated diagnostic strategy. PE and DVT are two clinical presentations of venous thromboembolism and share the same predisposing factors. In most cases, the TEP is a consequence of DVT. Among patients with DVT, about 50% have a TEP which is usually clinically asymptomatic. In about 70% of patients with pulmonary embolism, you can be found DVT in the lower extremities when sensitive diagnostic methods are used. The risk of death related to the initial acute episode or recurrent pulmonary embolism is higher in patients with PTSD than in those with DVT. According to prospective cohort studies, the rate of acute mortality varies from 7 to 11%. In addition, recurrent episodes in the form of TEP have a chance about 3-fold after an initial PE than after a DVT (about 60% after TEP compared with 20% after DVT).