Maestría en Medicina Veterinaria, mención en Clínica y Cirugía de Pequeñas Especies

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Author: search.filters.author.Borja Ramos, Alva Tatiana

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    Evaluación de la resistencia de Proteus mirabilis a Quinolonas y Betalactámicos y su relación con factores de virulencia
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato Maestría En Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-07) Borja Ramos, Alva Tatiana; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health, veterinary medicine and food safety. Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacillus recognized for its occurrence in animals, animal-derived foods and environments associated with the food chain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of P. mirabilis isolated from chicken meat to quinolones and β-lactams, and to determine its relationship with virulence factors of clinical, veterinary and epidemiological importance. The study was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive design. A total of 41 P. mirabilis strains preserved at the Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Universidad Técnica de Ambato were analysed. These strains originated from registered and non-registered retail outlets in Ambato canton. Resistance genes were detected by PCR: gyrA and aac (6’)-Ib-cr, associated with quinolone resistance, and blaTEM and blaCTX-M, associated with β-lactam resistance. The amplified products were visualised by agarose gel electrophoresis. In addition, virulence factors were assessed through haemolysis on blood agar and swarming motility. The results showed high frequencies of resistance genes. The gyrA gene was detected in 85.37% of the isolates and aac (6’)-Ib-cr in 80.49%. Regarding β-lactams, blaTEM was identified in 80.49% and blaCTX-M in 58.54% of the strains. These findings demonstrate that chicken meat may act as a reservoir of P. mirabilis carrying genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance. The coexistence of resistance genes with haemolysis and swarming suggests a potential health risk; therefore, strengthening molecular surveillance, food safety measures and the rational use of antimicrobials under the One Health approach is recommended.