Maestría en Laboratorio Clínico Mención Microbiología Clínica
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Item Resistencia antimicrobiana de microrganismos prevalentes en abscesos periodontales en pacientes pediátricos de 6 a 12 años que acuden al consultorio de especialidades odontológicas.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2024-09-01) Velastegui Peñaloza, Teresa Consuelo Licenciada; Moina Veloz Medico Especialista, Álvaro PaulThis research is about antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms prevalent in periodontal abscesses in pediatric patients aged 6 to 12 years who attend the dental Specialties Office. Periodontal abscess is an oral infection caused by bacteria that destroy the connective tissue, encapsulation of the bacterial infection occurs, causing a serious problem. The microorganisms causing periodontal abscess and susceptibility to antibiotics were identified through phenotypic tests, such as selective cultures to isolate microorganisms present in periodontal abscesses, biochemical tests for their identification and antibiogram for the study of susceptibility. The objective is to determine the antimicrobial resistance behavior of microorganisms prevalent in periodontal abscesses. The research is qualitative and quantitative, non-experimental, prospective, non-parametric, the research process goes through the descriptive level because the study was conducted in pediatric children, and in its relationship the research is correlational by establishing a connection between the identification of prevalent microorganisms in periodontal abscesses and antimicrobial resistance patterns and finally it is prospective. From the 110 analyzed samples of periodontal abscesses of pediatric patients, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus viridans Enterococcus spp were isolated by phenotypic methods. An analysis of the accumulation of susceptibility patterns of prevalent strains was performed. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the MRSA resistance pattern, Staphylococcus spp and Streptococcus viridans resistant to MLSB and Enterococcus spp resistant to ampicillin identified by the antibiogram and it was determined that there is a high prevalence of periodontal abscesses in pediatric patients aged 6 and 7 years. An antimicrobial susceptibility card was developed for the cumulative analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus viridans and Enterococcus spp in periodontal abscesses.Item Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en bacterias patógenas aisladas en el área de microbiología del laboratorio clínico de la clínica Ibarra(2024-09-01) Jaramillo Castro, Jaquelin Liseth Bioquímica Clínica; Jaramillo Ruales, Evelyn Katherine Magister. Bioquímica ClínicaPathogenic bacteria that exhibit Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) have become an increasingly significant public health issue. In recognition of this global threat, the World Health Assembly adopted the AMR Action Plan, aimed at implementing strategies, surveillance tools, and networks of specialized laboratories to help reduce its spread. Based on this problem, the present investigation was proposed as an objective to determine the to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria isolated in the microbiology department of the Clinical Laboratory at Clínica Ibarra during the period 2023-2024. For this purpose, a non-study experimental, cross sectional, descriptive, and observational study with a quantitative approach was conducted. Different pathogenic bacteria isolated and their susceptibility profiles were identified from all the samples received. Among the main results obtained a total of 265 positive microbiological samples were identified (215 urine, 49 secretions, 1 blood culture). Three main pathogenic agents were isolated, with the following frequencies: 66.8% Escherichia coli, 6.8% Proteus mirabilis, and 5.3% Enterococcus faecalis. Regarding susceptibility, the antibiotics with the highest sensitivity for Gram-negative bacteria were Amikacin, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone, while for Gram-positive bacteria, they were Linezolid, Ciprofloxacin, and Vancomycin. Based on the data entered the Whonet system, a susceptibility chart was developed, which includes two areas of relevance in the institution: Outpatient Care and Emergency. Therefore, it is concluded that: Pathogenic agents were identified, with three being Gram-negative and two Gram-positive. Additionally, the primary causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) was Escherichia coli, which was found to be sensitive to Fosfomycin. A susceptibility chart was also developed and presented for use in Clínica Ibarra.Item CARACTERIZACIÓN MICROBIOLÓGICA DE AGENTES CAUSANTES DE ONICOMICOSIS EN TRABAJADORES DEL MERCADO MAYORISTA AMBATO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2024-09-04) Villacrés Taco, Lorena Viviana; Salazar Garcés, Dolores KrupskayaOnychomycosis has become a public health problem in Ecuador, generating a negative and significant impact on people's quality of life. The present study aimed to microbiologically characterize the agents causing onychomycosis in samples of nail lesions of workers at the Ambato Wholesale Market in the period October 2023 - May 2024. In this research, a non-experimental cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was carried out in which a quantitative and qualitative approach was applied due to the identification of yeast-like mycotic agents and their sensitivity and resistance profile to antifungals in nail lesions of workers. From 212 participants undergoing the research, of which 111 met the requirements and toenail samples were taken, the following results were obtained: a total of 33 positive samples were identified where Candida spp. representing around 69.7%, Trichsoporum rubrum with 12.1%, Epidermophyton floccosum in 9.1% and Aspergillus with 9.1%. It is important to take into account that the Mycosel Agar culture medium was used. In the same way, Candida albicans was identified by culture in CHROMagar in 87%, with Candida parasilopsis 13%. In the samples analyzed, the main agents were Candida species, with a predominance of C. albicans followed by C. parapsilosis and sensitivity to Fluconazole was identified in 90% for C, albicans while in C. parapsilopsis this response was 33.33% and for Itraconazole it was observed that C. parapsiolpsis was sensitive in 100% while for C. albicans the sensitivity was 95%. In response to this, a diagnostic protocol for onychomycosis was developed, with improvement actions in the pre-analytical and analytical phase applicable in the Zamora Ambato Clinical and Bacteriological Laboratory.