Ingeniería Civil
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Item Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato, parroquia La Matriz ubicado entre las calles Barcelona, av. Manuelita Sáenz, Av. Miraflores, Olmedo, Av. Pedro Fermín Cevallos, Yahuira, Av. Atahualpa, Antonio Clavijo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Reyes Caguana, Edisson Enrique; Medina Robalino, Christian DavidIn this experimental work has the objective of analyzing the existing seismic hazard in a certain sector of Ambato city, through a deterministic analysis calculating a specific spectrum own to the sector, in order to make a comparison between the response spectrum of the NEC – 15, and analyze the behavior of the structures. The SPT Standard Penetration Test was applied to 5 strategically well distributed points within the study area, in order to know the existing soil type, with the results the cutting wave velocity Vs30 was determinated, were taken five faults near the area and through Wells – Coppersmith the Moment Magnitude Mw was determinated for each fault, results were used in the Raised Soil Motion Prediction Equations, getting spectra of acceleration, and forming an envelope of all these a specific spectrum was obtained that has maximum accelerations, which will be compared with the spectrum NEC – 15. The envelope is used in the analysis of the type structures selected from the area, and with the support of structural analysis and design software such as (ETABS) it was possible to evaluate the behavior of each of the selected structures before a seismic event.Item Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato sector Huachi Chico barrio “Solís” ubicado entre las calles Julio Jaramillo, Julio César Cañar, Luis Alberto Valencia y Carlos Rubira Infante(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Hurtado Noboa, Jimmy Alexander; Chérrez Gavilánes, Diego SebastiánIn the present research, a deterministic spectrum was calculated and obtained for this sector, which was compared with the response spectrum of the NEC-SE-DS2015. In addition, using this deterministic spectrum and the Etabs 16.1.2 software the vibration period, for three structures located in the study´s area was calculated. For this, the following steps were taken: Identify the tectonic regime in the study area. Select the geological faults with greater length and those closest to the study´s area, such as: Corticals (Ambato, Huachi and Totoras), and Subduction (Nazca). Through the standard penetration test (SPT), was calculated the average speed of the shear wave Vs30. Using the empirical correlation with the uncorrected standard penetration resistance (N) and the average speed of the shear wave (Vs30), the moment magnitude for each selected fault was calculated. Then, based on the Wells - Coppersmith methodology that mentions that when using parameters such as the distance to the epicenter, hypocenter and focal depth in conjunction with the Ground Movement Prediction Equations (GMPEs), acceleration spectra are obtained, the same as finally, by means of an envelope of maximum accelerations, the deterministic spectrum is obtained, which is compared with the response spectrum of the NEC-SE-DS-15. The accelerations of the deterministic spectrum for buildings that have periods between 0.10s to 0.30s (1 to 3 floors) exceed the NEC-SE-DS-15 spectrum, which means that these structures present a higher degree of risk.Item Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato sector Huachi Chico ubicado entre las calles Julio Jaramillo, Rio Machangara, Rio Payamino y Av. Atahualpa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Rivera Castro, Karolayt Nicole; Garcés Chávez, Juan EnriqueThe purpose of this experimental work is to evaluate the existing seismic hazard in an area of Ambato city through a deterministic analysis applied to it. The soil analysis was carried out using the SPT test that is applied in 5 points, 4 of the borders and 1 central, thanks to this it was possible to determine the existing soil type with what can be done to calculate the Vs30 wave velocity in addition 4 faults near the analysis sector were analyzed, which helped to determine the magnitude of the moment Mw, these data were used in the 5 attention equations which served to generate a specific spectrum that together with the spectrum of the NEC, was used in the analysis of 3 structures of the sector through the ETABS, this is the best behavior before a seismic event. The values obtained from the magnitude of the calculated moment for each fault in the study area can be concluded that the mayor in the cortical faults is present in the fault of Ambato and Totoras in a value Mw = 6.5, and can say that the failure of Ambato is the most critical due to the effect of its proximity to the epicenter, while subduction faults give us a value of Mw = 8.9 for the Nazca fault, because it is farthest from the epicenter. Of the three types of structures that were analyzed, it was determined that the structures of the sector do not have enough sections to withstand an earthquake.Item Desarrollo de un programa interactivo para el cálculo y diseño de columnas aplicando el software MATLAB(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Bassantes Clavijo, Ebenezer Jamarhold; Cevallos Cabrera, Jorge WashingtonIn this research project the coding was done in the graphical interface of MATLAB software for the development of a design program reinforced concrete columns, which allows us to design a column of rectangular and circular quickly and safe, having as input data: properties of materials, and external loads acting. For the creation of the program it was necessary to analyze the different design methods of columns approved by the regulations in force in the country and foreign standards such as: The Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC-SE-HM 2015) and The American Concrete Institute (ACI-318-2014). The verification and validity of results was carried out by comparing manual calculations and the program; getting a margin of error of less than 5%, which verifies that the results obtained through the program are reliable.Item Planificación y control constructivo de una edificación aplicando metodología BIM(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Granja Parra, Gustavo Patricio; Mora Mora, Miguel ÁngelIn the next research project the planning and constructive control of the Classroom Block of a Standard Millennium Educational Unit was carried out, using the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology, through the construction of a virtual information model and its creation process until arriving to a simulation that allows to check graphically the progress of the project according to the established schedule so that in this way a control of the progress is being carried out working at the same time with the reality, that begins in its structural phase and culminates in the finishing details phase Autodesk Revit was used to model structure, formwork, architecture, hydro-sanitary installations and electrical installations, which allowed to extract constructive drawings and obtain quantities of work both general and by sectors. The BIM model does not only generates an updated visualization of the changes in the design of the building, it also allows to carry out a virtual pre-construction, through an adequate planning to simulate its construction, associating its elements to the item that makes up the budget with its corresponding cost, reaching a level BIM 5D. To carry out the coordination between specialties and 4D / 5D simulation, the 3D model was exported to Autodesk Navisworks, selection sets were created and associated with an elaborated schedule in the MS Project. During the verification of volumes of work from structural drawings previously prepared in 2D CAD with those obtained from the BIM model, a low margin of error was found in concrete elements and metal structure, so obtaining quantities of work from the model saves time, modeling all specialties minimizes deficiencies and increases productivity in a collaborative environment.Item Diseño de la red de distribución principal de agua potable para la parroquia Pasa del cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Tipantuña Lema, Álvaro Vinicio; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierThe technical project is a contribution to the improvement of the quality of life of the inhabitants of the parish of Pasa with the purpose of designing the main distribution network for water supply to the center of the community. It began collecting statistical data and that were provided by the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Rural Parish of Pasa where you can identify the number of beneficiary inhabitants that currently exist, their social and economic situation, after this, the ground was lifted using precision equipment, in this case, the Trimble total station. Already in office work, we proceeded to the most optimal layout of the network as well as the respective calculations where the diameters of the PVC pipes were determined, calculation of work volumes and already in the design of the network we will use the free software EPANET 2.0, which allows us to know the pressures, velocities and flow rates that circulate through each node and proposed pipeline, achieving a gravity system. All the aforementioned procedures are governed by the Ecuadorian Standardization Institute, in the chapter on Drinking Water Supply System and the Ecuadorian Construction Standard. Finally, an environmental impact analysis was carried out, as well as a plan to reduce its effect, its respective analysis of unit prices and a valued work schedule that will show the construction stages of the project over time.Item Diseño y modelación de un edificio con una configuración en planta irregular, mediante la utilización del software de diseño “Revit Structure” y su análisis mediante un software especializado “Robot Structural Analisys” (BIM).(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Villena Zúñiga, Mario Germán; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroThis report as experimental work aims to provide the results based on a comparative study of modeling and analysis of a building with software-based BIM system, which are tools for the user to shorten the calculation time and the graphic representation of the design sections for its construction. To perform this study, an architectural proposal, which will be the subject of structural analysis and design, together with the city to build the structure, all this in order to take into account the seismic zoning and different parameters arises of calculation for the building in mention. Following the study, the architectural proposal to be designed is analyzed, the materials which will be built the building, the seismic parameters of the area and a predesign of the structure is carried out, thus obtaining the necessary parameters for modeling structure of the building. We take as the first software to "REVIT" with which we model the main elements of our structure, such as beams and columns, and then transferring the structure to structural analysis software called "ROBOT STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS" to model the slab with which will be built the building and missing elements such as cutting walls, tier system, and foundation. Once the modeling is finished we calculate the structure and replace the sections that do not withstand the different loads acting on it; to have the final design sections that allow us the stability, safety and seismic resistance of the building. Finally, we analyze the results obtained from the modeling in "ROBOT STRUCTURAL ANALISYS" and compare them with other commercial software of structural design "ETABS", in order to know the results of the analysis. And already with the design sections of the building and having met all the limitations and regulations, we moved our calculation model to the software "REVIT" for its graphic detail and its subsequent printing. In this way, the BIM system is used as an aid to structural analysis and modeling.Item Análisis comparativo de un edificio residencial, irregular de 5 pisos realizado mediante 2 tipos de conexiones precalificadas por el AISC 358-10: conexión de plancha de ala empernada (BFP) y sección de viga reducida (RBS)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Vargas Sanguil, Pablo Andrés; Cevallos Cabrera, Jorge WashingtonThe present investigation was carried a seismic-resistant analysis in a residential building and irregular of 5 stories in steel structure. To start the project,was carried out a static and dynamic analysis. In this process several HEB columns and beams of the IPE type were placed, until the structure will present a good seismic response, with the data obtained from the software Etabs 2016 proceeded to design the 2 precise connections "BFP" and "RBS" guided by the Ecuadorian regulations NEC_SE_AC 16 and the Americans AISC 358-10 and FEMA 350. The two connections met the various prequalification requirements, developing the plastic hinges at the expected locations. The same Etabs 2016 data were compiled and introduced in structural software specializing in metallic connections, which gave valid results; With the difference that each plate had a requirement that exceeded the design tolerance limits. In turn, since the Etabs 2016 software has the option of designing the reduced beam section (RBS) beam connection, the operation of this connection was executed. The results of the connection had an adequate behavior, developing a great ductility in beams.Item Desarrollo de una aplicación basada en MATLAB para el cálculo de cimentaciones sobre un lecho elástico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Sánchez, Ana Gabriela; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioIn this research project, an application was made based on the programming language of MATLAB, based on this, the coding and GUI were developed for the calculation of foundation beams on elastic bed. This application allows faster calculation processes to obtain results in a more efficient and reliable way. The data to be entered in the developed application (software) are: the number of spans, their length, the Ballast Coefficient of the soil, the material’s Modulus of Elasticity, the dimensions of the beam (base and height of the cross section ), the loads and service moments acting on it. Once the data is entered, the application uses the matrix method to solve the foundation beam and obtain results corresponding to the vertical displacements, rotations, moments, shears and pressures exerted on the soil at different points, according to the discretization assigned at every span. To ensure that the results obtained through the developed application are valid, a comparison was made with the results of the manual calculations; Where it was obtained that the margin of error is around 1%, means that the values obtained by the application are totally true.Item Desarrollo de una aplicación basada en MATLAB para el cálculo de cimentaciones superficiales aisladas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Serrano Moreta, Paola Carolina; Garces Chávez, Juan EnriqueHe was raised both parameters for the calculation and design of isolated footings obtaining the dimensions such as the base, height, camber of the plinth, as well as the maximum and minimum, area of steel necessary for your design effort. Investigated formulas according to the theme, they allowed to give solution to the various problems of isolated footings, producing 25 cases that a hospice surface pad can be subject, according to the location of the shoe on the ground, are central, walls and corner, pads which can be subject a: axial load, bending uniaxial and biaxial bending; not to mention that the isolated footings may present some degree of eccentricity, so resolved manually for further validation with the developed application. The main functions of Matlab, such as the command was investigated for, if, while, break, among others. They helped to give solution to the iterations were found during the calculation. The main objective of this work was to get to the designed graphic interface in such a way their environment is friendly with the user. During testing between the manual method and the application developed a margin of error of less than 3%, found that its handling for different types of cases of calculation is valid to arise, allowing to simplify the hours of calculation at the time of the design, saving time and money.