Ingeniería Civil
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Item Optimización de la red de alcantarillado tributaria a la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales Piñanatug de la parroquia Moraspungo cantón Pangua provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-08) Endara Ramos Kevin Andres; Moya Medina Dilon German; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis project comprehensively optimizes the sanitary sewerage network tributary to the Piñanatug Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), located in the Moraspungo parish, Pangua canton. This initiative arises in response to a significant issue: an atypically high water demand, discovered after conducting surveys to verify the actual per capita consumption, which was quantified at 401.44 liters per inhabitant per day. To resolve this situation, a new hydrosanitary system was strategically projected for a twenty-five-year design horizon, guaranteeing its future viability. The technical design encompasses the implementation of an extensive 4.5 kilometer network, utilizing 200-millimeter diameter PVC pipes. This hydraulic configuration ensures continuous compliance with the tractive forces necessary to facilitate the self-cleaning of the conduits, drastically minimizing any future blockages and reducing maintenance costs. Regarding the WWTP facilities, the in situ verification of the volumetric capacity of the existing septic tank and Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF) confirms that they comply with the established parameters, such as the Required Theoretical Total Volume and the retention period. Additionally, pretreatment units were incorporated, including a screening system and drying beds intended for the proper stabilization of sludge. It is imperative to highlight that, due to the imminent and severe risk of scour and fluvial flooding, the technical evaluation dictates the relocation of the plant as a mandatory action. Finally, the construction of this vital sanitation infrastructure will require a budget of USD 643,082.89, executable in 44 weeks.Item Diseño preliminar del alcantarillado sanitario del barrio Santo Domingo, parroquia de San José de Poaló, Cantón Píllaro con un área aproximada de 32 ha, incluida una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para los dos barrios fase 2.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-03) Guamán Azas Byron Remigio; Morales Fiallos Fabian Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe implementation of an adequate sanitation system improves quality of life and prevents negative impacts on community health. This thesis project was carried out in Santo Domingo neighborhood, San José de Poaló parish, Píllaro canton, Tungurahua province, covering an area of 46.73 hectares. Its objective was to propose a sanitary sewerage system and the design of a wastewater treatment plant that also serves the neighboring community of Censo Poaló, aiming to optimize resources and ensure an efficient sanitation system for the sector. The methodology consisted of three stages. The first stage included a population census, delimitation and characterization of the study area, and a topographic survey conducted using RTK equipment. The current population was determined to be 243 inhabitants. Due to a negative population growth rate, a 1% growth rate was adopted according to national regulations, resulting in a projected population of 312 inhabitants over the 25-year design period. A water supply rate of 122.78 L/inhabitant/day was established, consistent with the cold climatic conditions of the area. During the second stage, a sanitary sewer network with a total length of 4.76 km was designed. Owing to the steep topography, with slopes close to 30%, 300 mm × 300 mm concrete channels with artificial roughness elements were implemented in the initial sections to control erosion caused by high flow velocities. In areas with lower slopes, a conventional design using 200 mm PVC pipes was adopted. The maximum flow rate generated by both communities was 11.746 L/s. Design parameters such as flow velocity, flow depth, and tractive stress (> 1.0 Pa) were verified to ensure the self-cleansing capacity of the system. For wastewater treatment, a system composed of screening, primary sedimentation, an Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF), and sludge drying beds was selected, ensuring that the treated effluent complies with the discharge limits established by current environmental regulations. In the final stage, technical drawings and the reference budget were developed. The proposed project aims to contribute to improving the quality of life of the population and protecting the area's water resources.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario del Barrio Bella Esperanza del Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro, perteneciente a la Provincia de Sucumbíos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-06-30) Narváez Vargas Yashley Deliany; Morales Fiallos Fabian Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis technical project addresses an urgent need in the Bella Esperanza neighborhood located in the Gonzalo Pizarro Canton, Sucumbíos Province—which lacks a sanitary sewer system. All 61 households rely exclusively on septic tanks that, without proper maintenance, pose a health risk to residents. To tackle this issue, a design was developed for a sanitary sewer network and a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) tailored to local conditions. The process began with a topographic survey using RTK technology to obtain high-precision elevation data, enabling the design of a fully gravity-fed system. Subsequently, based on direct resident surveys and INEC census data, a future population of 223 inhabitants was projected for a 20-year design period, with a future water consumption rate of 235 L/inhabitant/day and a design flow rate of 13.31 L/s. The network comprises 54 manholes and 200 mm PVC piping, adhering to hydraulic design criteria established in Ecuadorian and Bolivian standards. The proposed treatment system consists of a sequence comprising pre-treatment, an Imhoff tank, an Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF), and a sludge drying bed, as the existing septic tank was found to be volumetrically insufficient for the projected demand. This proposal offers a technically sound, low-operating-cost solution aimed at tangibly improving the community's quality of lifeItem Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el barrio El Rosal de la parroquia El Triunfo, del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-26) Nuñez Nolivos Mario Javier; Gallardo Donoso Lidia Jhoanna; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe implementation of appropriate sanitary systems for wastewater management constitutes a fundamental pillar in preserving community health and environmental care. However, various areas of the country face daily limitations to this basic infrastructure. El Triunfo parish, belonging to Patate Canton, Tungurahua province, presents deficiencies in sanitation services, with the El Rosal neighborhood being one of the most affected sectors. Given this situation, the present project developed the technical design of a sanitary sewer network to meet the needs of this community. The methodology was structured through 3 main stages. Initially, field studies were executed that included a detailed topographic survey of the study site and the application of in-person surveys to sector inhabitants, obtaining relevant information for system dimensioning. Subsequently, hydraulic design was carried out applying regulatory guidelines established in the "Standards for the Study and Design of Potable Water Systems and Wastewater Disposal for Populations Greater than 1000 Inhabitants," complementing the data with the "Bolivian Standard NB 688." During the development of this phase, technical parameters such as pipe diameters, maximum and minimum velocities, hydraulic gradients, and conduit cross-sections were determined, ensuring proper system operation. Finally, detailed technical construction drawings were prepared that reflect the study results. The technical proposal offers a network of 66 manholes and 64 pipe segments, reaching a total length of 2.78 kilometers. The calculated design flow rate is 2.905 l/s, which will be conducted to the wastewater treatment system previously designed for the Montañitas Settlement. Capacity analysis confirms that the plant is capable of efficiently processing this added flow rate from the new network design without presenting operational deficiencies, thus ensuring comprehensive and sustainable wastewater management for the sector.Item Diseño y evaluación del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario de la parroquia El Carmen, cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-22) Véliz Quishpe Karla Melissa; Morales Fiallos Fabian Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilEn Ecuador, las entidades rurales enfrentan persuasivamente faltas en infraestructura de saneamiento básico. La parroquia El Carmen, ubicada en el cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi, representa un caso típico donde la ausencia de sistemas de alcantarillado sanitario genera múltiples problemas sanitarios y ambientales. Los habitantes dependen actualmente de métodos rudimentarios como pozos sépticos y letrinas, que ocasionan contaminación del suelo, infiltración de líquidos contaminantes y emisión de olores desagradables, afectando negativamente la calidad de vida y generando riesgos para la salud pública. Según los datos dados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aproximadamente 4,200 millones de personas carecen de acceso adecuado al saneamiento y el 80% de las aguas residuales se vierten sin tratamiento previo. Esta situación se replica en sectores como El Carmen, donde la falta de infraestructura sanitaria adecuada contribuye a la degradación de fuentes hídricas y afecta el bienestar comunitario. La propuesta técnica del proyecto se desarrolló mediante tres fases secuenciales. Durante la primera fase inicial, se ejecutaron estudios preliminares, que comprendieron el levantamiento topográfico utilizando equipos de alta precisión, la implementación de instrumentos de recolección de información como son las encuestas que fueron dirigidos a los habitantes de la zona de intervención, y la evaluación del consumo hídrico local. Posteriormente, en la segunda etapa, se elaboró el diseño hidráulico de sistema, aplicando los lineamientos establecidos por SENAGUA y la Normativa Boliviana NB 688, complementados con los criterios técnicos especificados en las “Normas para el Estudio y Diseño de Sistemas de Agua Potable y Disposición de Aguas Residuales para Poblaciones Mayores a 1000 habitantes”. En esta etapa se involucró la determinación de los parámetros hidráulicos esenciales como caudales de diseño, velocidades, gradientes hidráulicos y secciones transversales, certificando el correcto dimensionamiento óptimo de todos los elementos que conforman el sistema. La tercera y última etapa, se centró en el análisis de factibilidad económica, determinando los requerimientos de inversión necesarios para la ejecución del proyecto.Item Diseño preliminar del alcantarillado sanitario del barrio Censo Poaló, parroquia san José de Poaló, cantón Píllaro con un área aproximada de 130 ha, incluida una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para los dos barrios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-16) Yanzaguano Toainga Kevin Hernan; Gallardo Donoso Lidia Jhoanna; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilAccess to sanitation infrastructure constitutes a fundamental element to ensure optimal sanitary conditions and prevent adverse impacts on public health and the environment. The community of Censo Poaló, belonging to Santiago de Píllaro canton, presents an absence of basic sanitation services, a situation that directly compromises the quality of life of its inhabitants. Consequently, it is crucial to develop an integral sanitary sewage system and a wastewater treatment plant that complies with current regulatory requirements and meets present and projected population demand, considering an estimated demographic increase from 577 to 741 inhabitants during a design period of 25 years. The implemented methodology contemplates the execution of a detailed topographic survey, complemented with surveys applied to the community to characterize socioeconomic conditions and determine specific needs. Based on this information, the wastewater flow is calculated based on water consumption patterns, proceeding with the preliminary design applying the technical formulations established in the Bolivian Standard NB 688, codes CO 10.7-601 and CO 10.7-602, as well as SENAGUA guidelines. The resulting design comprises 129 manholes with maximum excavations of 4.5 meters, 30 drop structures and 128 pipes, totaling 6,594.06 meters of development. The Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) integrates pretreatment processes, primary sedimentation, upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) and drying beds for biosolids, guaranteeing effluents that satisfy environmental permissible limits. The technical evaluation confirms the viability of the proposed solutions, satisfactorily complying with applicable regulatory criteria with a consolidated budget of USD 513,714.94. This project will allow to substantially improve sanitary conditions, reduce environmental impacts and contribute to the sustainable development of San José de Poaló parish.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales existente en el barrio Cochaló el Carmen, Cantón Píllaro, Provincia de Tungurahua(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Ruiz Villafuerte Emilio Alejandro; Maldonado Narváez Lenin RafaelThis technical project aims to design a sanitary sewer system and assess the operational capacity of the existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the neighborhood of Cochaló El Carmen, located in the Píllaro canton, Tungurahua province. As a first step, a high-precision topographic survey was conducted using a GNSS RTK system. This data enabled the accurate definition of the terrain’s geometry, delineation of the study area, and projection of the beneficiary population based on information collected through community surveys. Subsequently, the hydraulic design of the sanitary sewer system was developed in accordance with current Ecuadorian regulations. The projected population reached 316 inhabitants for a 25-year design horizon, with an estimated daily potable water supply of 150 liters per capita. The technical design included the detailed calculation of the average daily sanitary flow rate, peak instantaneous flow, and the selection of minimum pipe diameters of 200 mm in PVC, appropriate longitudinal slopes, and flow velocities within acceptable operational ranges. Regarding the existing treatment plant, a comprehensive evaluation of its components was performed through technical inspections and laboratory analyses of both influent and effluent. Key parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), surfactants, and fecal coliforms were analyzed. Although the plant demonstrated acceptable removal efficiency for BOD₅, COD, and TSS, high concentrations of surfactants and fecal coliforms were detected in the effluent, indicating deficiencies particularly in units such as the UpItem Diseño de la red de alcantarillado sanitario para los sectores de Bellavista y Langasa, del cantón Salcedo, de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Cruz Obando. Jose Francisco; Maldonado Narváez Lenin RafaelThe proper management of wastewater through sanitary sewer systems is essential for safeguarding public health and preserving the environment. However, several areas within the Salcedo Canton, located in Cotopaxi Province, still face deficiencies in the coverage of this basic service. In this context, the primary objective of the present project was to design a sanitary sewer network for the sectors of Bellavista and Langasa. The technical proposal was developed in three methodological phases. In the first stage, preliminary studies were conducted, including a high-precision topographic survey, the implementation of structured surveys among local residents, and an analysis of water consumption. The second phase involved the hydraulic design of the system, carried out in accordance with the “SENAGUA” regulations and the “Bolivian Standard NB 688,” as well as the criteria outlined in the “Standards for the Study and Design of Potable Water and Wastewater Disposal Systems for Populations Over 1000 Inhabitants.” This phase included the calculation of flow rates, velocities, slopes, and pipe diameters, ensuring the appropriate sizing of each component. The final phase focused on the economic evaluation to determine the investment required for project execution. The proposed design includes a network consisting of 63 inspection manholes and 62 pipeline segments, totaling an approximate length of 3.37 kilometers. Additionally, the operational capacity of the wastewater treatment plant “Jesús del Gran Poder,” located in the eastern sector, was assessed. It was found to be partially in acceptable condition; however, deficiencies in specific components were identified, which compromise its efficiency in handling the projected flow rate of 2.82 L/s. Based on these findings, it is concluded that some components of the existing infrastructure require redesign and corrective maintenance in accordance with the applicable technical standards. Furthermore, the total budget estimated for the implementation of the project amounts to $260,030.97, including materials, labor, and other necessary resources.Item Estudio para la renovación del Sistema de Alcantarillado Sanitario en la comunidad Huapante Grande, cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Zurita Lescano Erik Gabriel; Maldonado Narváez Lenin RafaelThe implementation of sanitary sewerage systems constitutes critical infrastructure for public health and environmental disaster mitigation; however, numerous sectors of Huapante Grande persist in utilizing technologically obsolete basic sanitation modalities, such as septic tanks, evidencing a lag in urban development. This disparity substantiates the imperative need to conduct an updated comprehensive diagnostic that, through scientific-technical methodology, establishes design parameters aligned with current regulations. This study will provide the evidence-based foundation for formulating an initial guide to optimize hydraulic management, ensuring sustainable, resilient solutions tailored to the specific context. Methodologically, the research implemented a comprehensive diagnostic phase through predesign data collection (cadastral surveys, topography, sociodemographic surveys, and water supply analysis), followed by network modeling with multi-source regulatory justification (CO 10.7-601/602 and NB 688 for hydraulic-sanitary optimization). Subsequently, a multivariate economic analysis was developed according to SERCOP standards, yielding: communityadapted technical specifications, certifiable Unit Price Analyses (UPAs), and a scheduled budget—thus guaranteeing technical-financial viability and compliance with project cycles for basic sanitation infrastructure in vulnerable settings. As a methodological corollary, the proposed sanitary design is validated to holistically satisfy technical feasibility criteria: the projected network (128 inspection manholes and 126 pipe segments) demonstrates parametric coherence with analyzed hydraulic and regulatory standards. The SERCOP-adjusted economic-financial evaluation quantifies the required investment at USD $920,006.59, while risk analysis establishes an 8-month execution timeline under optimal conditions. These certifiable outputs (technical specifications, UPAs, and WBS schedule) constitute the quantitative basis for implementing resilient infrastructure in communities with historical sanitation deficits, thereby closing the research-application cycleItem Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el caserío Montañitas de la parroquia el Triunfo, del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Quilligana Chifla, Kerly Valeria; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánThis technical project develops the design of a sanitary sewerage system for the community of Montañitas, complying with current technical regulations and considering an exhaustive analysis of the topographic and demographic conditions of the area. Its main objective is to ensure the efficient collection, transport and treatment of wastewater, promoting the improvement of the inhabitants' quality of life and the preservation of water sources in accordance with the principles of sustainability. The methodology was structured in three main phases. The first consisted of data collection and analysis through field visits, using GNSS technology and drones to carry out an accurate and detailed topographic survey. This process made it possible to identify the geographic, demographic and urban characteristics of the sector, key information for the design of the system. In the second phase, data tabulation and technical calculations were developed, applying national and international standards similar to our current regulations, and several specialized civil engineering softwares were used. Piping, flow rates and velocities were dimensioned, ensuring the functionality and efficiency of the system. The last phase focused on the elaboration of construction plans, budget evaluation and implementation of a wastewater treatment plant, adapting the design to the specific conditions of the area and the needs of the community. The results show that, despite the challenges associated with the topography and the variability of the terrain, a design was achieved that guarantees efficiency in the transport and disposal of wastewater, consisting of 93 wells and 93 pipes. In addition, the network was complemented with 4 inspection chambers and 3 rectangular section canals along 3.38 km. The project will not only improve the quality of life of the inhabitants by reducing sanitary risks, but will also contribute to environmental protection by avoiding the contamination of vital resources and implementing viable technical solutions that favor sustainable development in rural areas.