Laboratorio Clínico
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/817
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Item RELACIÓN ENTRE PERFIL LIPÍDICO Y RESISTENCIA A LA INSULINA EN ADULTOS MAYORES DE CENTROS GERONTOLÓGICOS DEL CANTÓN AMBATO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-13) Endara Calderón, Juan Diego; Pacha Jara, Ana GabrielaThe present cross-sectional and descriptive research aimed to determine the relationship between lipid profile alterations and insulin resistance in elderly adults from gerontological centers in the Ambato canton. A blood sample was taken from 80 elderly adults for subsequent laboratory analysis, which included measurements of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin. The HOMA-IR index was used to evaluate insulin resistance. Additional l y, the weight and height of the participants were recorded to calculate their body mass index (BMI), and a survey was conducted to gather information about their lifestyl es and possible risk factors. The results showed that, of the 80 study participants, 27 individuals (34%) were of normal weight, 45 individuals (56%) were overweight, and 8 individuals (10%) were obese, according to the MSP of Ecuador and the WHO table for adult men and women. No statistically significant relationship was found between BMI and insulin resistanc e (p-value of 0.874), nor between the lipid profile and insulin resistance (p-value of 0.487). However, obesity remains an important risk factor for insulin resistance in the geriatric population. The study suggests that insulin resistance is influenced by multiple factors such as genetics, physical activity, and diet, and that BMI alone may not be sufficient to predict insulin resistance. Differences in body composition, lifestyles, and genetic factors can affect this relationship.Item RESISTENCIA A LA INSULINA Y FACTORES DE RIESGO EN LOS COMERCIANTES DE LOS MERCADOS SAN JUAN Y SAN LUIS DEL CANTÓN SANTIAGO DE PÍLLARO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-05) Moreta Alajo, Sandra Amparo; Galárraga Pérez, Edison ArturoInsulin resistance is a condition in which the body's cells do not respond adequately to insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. The objective is to evaluate the risk factors that predispose to insulin resistance in traders of the San Juan and San Luis markets of Canton Santiago de Píllaro. The research was an observational study of cross-secti o n al descriptive type, where 75 blood samples were analyzed, the analysis of fasting glucose and insulin and the HOMA-IR index was carried out. In addition, information was collected by means of a survey and calculation of the BMI of each of the merchants, and the results were analyzed using the IBM SPSS program. Of the 75 samples obtained 33 participants have insulin resistance. In determining the risk factors, a statistic a l ly significant correlation between patients with insulin resistance and body mass index was considered, with a correlation coefficient of 0.308 (Spearman) but it is considered a weak association. It can be concluded that the prevalence of developing insulin resistance was 44% in the market traders of Cantón Santiago de Píllaro.Item La incidencia de diabetes en la población de 40 a 60 años en el casco urbano del cantón Pelileo mediante el uso de hemoglobina glicosilada(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) Cárdenas Cruz, Jefferson Danilo; Pacha Jara, Ana Gabriela Bqf. MgDiabetes is one of the diseases with the highest prevalence and incidence worldwide, for this reason, the measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin for the diagnosis of this pathology has become essential today. Several studies demonstrate the effectiveness of this laboratory test to determine signs of diabetes in the population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence of diabetes in the population between 40 and 60 years of age in the urban area of Pelileo through the use of glycosylated hemoglobin, it was obtained as a result that 64% of the participants in this study were in a normal range, 26% presented a diagnosis of prediabetes and 10% of the study population was diagnosed with this pathology, by calculating the incidence, it was possible to observe that 13 out of 80 subjects develop this pathology. A sociodemographic survey was applied, in which information was collected such as age, preventive controls to prevent diabetes, family member suffering from diabetes, and the body mass index. It is concluded that glycosylated hemoglobin has a statistically significant relationship with the age variable p 0.005, the family variable suffering from diabetes p 0.000 and controls to prevent diabetes p 0.030 for the other variables applied in the survey no significance was foundItem Prevalencia de prediabetes en adultos de 25 a 85 años de una población Andina(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-08) Lucero Cujano, Jeniffer Natali; Pacha Jara, Ana GabrielaPrediabetes is one of the conditions that generate predisposition in the development of diabetes, it is a term used in individuals with elevated serum glucose levels, but without reaching the critical level to be considered diabetes. The main characteristic it presents is its state of dysglycemia, where people who suffer from it maintain an abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates. Methods and Materials. Descriptive observational study with cross-sectional section with intentional non probability sampling; duration of 91 days belonging to the months of September, October and November; with a sample of 100 participants corresponding to men and women between the ages of 25 to 85 years attended at the Centro Médico Diagnóstico Cemediam. The information was obtained through the Orion database and tabulated in the Microsoft Excel program. Results. The population consisted of 41 males and 59 females,the prevalence found of prediabetes was 37%, participants aged 36 to 45 years were the population group with the highest prevalence of prediabetes and the female sex was the most dominant compared to the male in prediabetes as age progressed. Conclusion. Prediabetes is increasingly part of a greater number of people without distinction of sex or age, that is why it is justifiable to use screening tools for its early diagnosis, that contribute to reducing high morbidity and mortality figures, in addition to shortening the economic expenditure that covers the pharmacological part of these patients and to generate preventive actions in this population.Item Cambios bioquímicos en la edad adulta tardía de una población de la sierra ecuatoriana(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2022-09-01) Feijoó Montoya, Joselyn Judith; Ramos Ramírez, Martha Cecilia, MSc. Bqf.The impact of biochemical changes in the elderly has the same factor in common since they present alterations in their old age and those described are seen in glucose metabolism as: morphological and functional. The First ones are associated with an increase in visceral fat, fatty tissue infiltration and lower beta cell mass, the second ones are observed in increased production of adipokines, inflammatory factors, as well as increased insulin resistance and diabetes. Changes in lipid metabolism fluctuate and alter lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides; It can be evidenced when measuring these serum analytes, thus causing dyslipidemia. The research is focused on identifying the main biochemical changes in glucose and lipid profile analyzes (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL) in a population of 89 older adults from the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador, through a study with a descriptive design, transverse, field. Using the Minitab version 18.1 software, it was possible to determine that with a 95% reliable interval there are no changes in the analytes of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL. On the other hand, with a reliable interval of 95% of 100%, 14% may have a value above 150mg/dL in the triglyceride analyte in both men and women. The percentage of patients with a tendency to suffer from biochemical changes is relatively low in our research, which is why the physical activity carried out by the study patients has been determined as a protective factor given their way of working, despite this hypertriglyceridemia stands out by 14%. Likewise, a high percentage of geriatric patients state that they have developed diabetes in 64% (n = 57), but show little knowledge of the disease, since they say they suffer from it, but it is not reflected in the laboratory results that they present such a disease.Item “Indice de masa corporal (imc) como factor de riesgo de insulinorresistencia en niños y adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2019-01-01) Torres Valdez, Lissette Estefanía; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia Ing. Mg.One of the main health problems nowadays is obesity, it is defined as the increase of fat in a general or specific area which manifests itself in a high weight value when it is compared to other people of the same age and gender. Obesity is determined by a relationship between weight and height obtaining the body mass index. (BMI). The insulin-resistance is a health problem that is also related to obesity and overweight. Due to the fact that insulin cannot produce an appropriate biological response to the cells. Causing a decrease of its action in the metabolic control of glucose after eating a meal. The objective of this investigation is to analyze the relationship between the mass body index (MBI) and the insulin-resistance in children and teenagers with overweight and obesity in the city of Ambato. This study was descriptive, cross-sectional, with a qualitative and quantitative, character there were 60 participants, 31 were women (51,7%) and 29 men (48.3%). They were between the ages of 5 to 19 years old. The results through the MBI showed that 20 people had a normal nutritional status; however, 17 had obesity and 23 overweight. In order to determine the serum values of glucose and insulin, blood tests were made and they showed insulin-resistance by applying the HOMAR-IR formula. The majority of the participants obtained normal serum value of glucose and insulin; and however 30 % of the participants were found to be insulin resistant. The results revealed that high intakes of fat, carbohydrates and little physical activity, as well as, sedentism directly influences the nutritional status of children and teenagers. Nevertheless, there was not a significant relationship between the nutritional status of obesity and overweight with the resistance of insulin in the pediatric population of this study. Thus, the null hypothesis that states ‘The MBI is not a risk factor to develop insulin resistance in children and teenagers with overweight and obesity in the city of Ambato’ is accepted.Item “Determinación de electrolitos, glucosa, hematocrito pre y post entrenamiento en la división formativa sub 12 y sub 14 del club deportivo Mushuc Runa S.C. y su relación con el tiempo de actividad física”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2017-06-01) Yanchatuña Agualongo, Mayra Narciza; Castillo Mejía, María Elena Lcda.Dehydration caused by prolonged exercise hurts the strength and performance of the exercise. Therefore the assessment of sodium, potassium, calcium, glucose and hematocrit in people who begin their training as players is necessary to control the process of adaptation to training and prevent damage to their health, whereas a study pre and post training. Were registered 70 athletes from 12-14 years of Club Deportivo Mushuc Runa S.C. in Ambato? The participants exercised vigorously for 2 hours (74%). Prior to the training a sample taken as a baseline and later at the same to their correlation. Analysis was performed in the clinical laboratory "BIOIMAGENES", obtaining the following results in relation to the pre and post physical activity: slightly increased sodium with a difference of 3.16 mmol/l. potassium decreased slightly with a difference of 0.31 mmol/l, calcium decreased with the difference of 0.03 mmol /, augmented with 4.15 glucose mg/dl of difference and slight hematocrit increase whose difference is equivalent to 1.29%Item Determinación de Glucosa y Perfil Lipídico y su relación con el Sobrepeso en el Personal Administrativo que labora en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato Campus Ingahurco(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-11-01) Vaca Castro, Nathaly Jhoana; Guaygua Silva, Ana Gabriela BqfThis research project was conducted in order to determine glucose and lipid profile and the relationship with overweight in the administrative servers of the Technical University of Ambato campus Ingahurco. This correlational study involved 46 administrative servers who had a Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25 -29.99, blood extraction was performed to determine blood glucose levels and lipid profile, with the results realized that the total sample the 2% presents high levels of glucose, 20% have levels of elevated total cholesterol, 33% presented levels of HDL-co within the parameters of risk indicator, 4% presents the co LDL-high and 30% have high triglycerides levels. Through the survey of administrative officers determined that the main risk factor for becoming overweight is a sedentary lifestyle as 31% of the population remains seated throughout the workday, as well as 64% of the population takes 2 hours physical activity in the week, whereas the WHO recommends 3 hours and 30 minutes a week to leave the sedentary lifestyle The hypothesis was performed using the test t of student for related samples, which gave an error margin of 0,000 which is lower than 0.05 which is the level of significance, therefore the alternative hypothesis is accepted wich mentions: "Exists a relationship between glucose high levels, lipid profile and overweight in the administrative staff working at the Technical University of Ambato campus Ingahurco.”Item Determinación de Fructosamina Sérica y su relación con el perfil Lipídico en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-11-01) Erazo Carapaz, Guadalupe Elizabeth; Martínez Saltos, Franklin Esteban Lcdo.This research was conducted in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who attended the "OMEGA" Clinical Laboratory whose main objective was the determination of serum fructosamine to relate the increase of this parameter is in relation to the lipid profile. For the selection of the study population to patients I underwent a survey and measurement of fasting glucose in order to verify that meet the inclusion criteria was established to work with female patients and male between the ages of 30 to 60 years, has been found to have Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in less than two years. fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides and fructosamine, in order to meet the objectives, the types of research used were descriptive, correlational and cross-determined. The data obtained from the determination of fructosamine and lipid profile yielded quantitative results and implementation of the survey I offer qualitative information. It was concluded that of the 60 patients 81.7% have values higher fructosamine to 287 pmol / L, 20% had cholesterol values greater than 200 mg / dL, 33.7% had values of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL) less than 35 mg / dL, 70% had values of low density lipoprotein (LDL) slightly increased from 100 to 159 mg / dL and 8.3% had values increased from 160 to 189 mg / dL (High) and 88.3% had triglycerides values greater than 150 mg / dL, giving notice that a large percentage of patients presenting high levels of fructosamine levels lipid profile is going to find altered. hypothesis testing was performed using the Student t test statistic for independent samples that resulted in a margin of error = 0,000 , which is less than 0.005 which is the level of significance to reject the null hypothesis and acceptance of the AC mentioned the lipid profile levels are affected by the increased values of serum fructosamine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus .Item Determinación del Índice Quicki en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y su relación con el Control Glicémico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-09-01) Machuca Chango, Mercedes Amparo; Tinajero Vásconez, María Fernanda BQF.The research Project aims determining the index QUICKI in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and its relationship with glycemic control, whereas the most relevant parameters during the treatment of diabetes are the glycemic control and evaluation of insulin resistance to monitor insulin secretion. This research is exploratory and descriptive level, the study was conducted with blood samples from 40 patients with DMT2, with the samples were analyzed, exams of glucose, insulin, fructosamine and determination of the index QUICKI, for determination of insulin resistance. Was effected the respective statistical analysis of each of the elements of the investigation such as gender, weight, sex, and the levels obtained from glucose, insulin, fructosamine and calculating the index QUICKI, whose statistical analyzes were detailed in tables, and later for better visual representation was used boxplots or bar graphs. Through statistical tests: chi-square and Fisher's exact test the null hypothesis was accepted “The determination of the index QUICKI has no relation with glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2”. Concluding that there isn’t relationship of dependency between the two variables of the study.