Economía

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/41885

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Start date: 2024Subject: search.filters.subject.MICROCRÉDITO

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    Estructura de mercado del microcrédito de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 en el Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Contabilidad y Auditoría. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Economía Mención Banca y Finanzas, 2025-05) Toasa Guevara, Dayana Estefanía; DT - Aldás Salazar, Darwin Santiago
    El microcrédito en Ecuador es una herramienta crucial para el desarrollo económico, especialmente en áreas rurales y urbanas marginales. Las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito (COACS) del segmento 1 juegan un papel fundamental en este ámbito, proporcionando servicios financieros a comunidades desatendidas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la estructura de mercado del microcrédito ofrecido por las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 en Ecuador durante el periodo comprendido entre los años 2015 y 2022, utilizando los indicadores de índice de dominancia, Herfindahl-Hirschman y KWOKA. Se utilizó una combinación de análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo para evaluar la concentración y competencia en el mercado del microcrédito. Los datos fueron extraídos del ranking expuesto en los boletines publicados por la Superintendencia de Economía Popular y Solidaria (SEPS). Índice de Dominancia: Este índice mide la concentración de mercado y muestra que hay una alta concentración en pocas cooperativas, lo que indica una baja competencia. Índice Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI): El HHI confirma la alta concentración del mercado, con un valor elevado que sugiere una estructura de mercado oligopólica. Índice KWOKA: Este índice proporciona una visión más detallada de la competencia y muestra que, aunque hay algunas cooperativas dominantes, hay espacio para mayor competencia y diversificación. La estructura de mercado del microcrédito en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 en Ecuador muestra una alta concentración y baja competencia. Esto puede limitar el acceso a servicios financieros para las comunidades más vulnerables. Se recomienda implementar políticas que fomenten la competencia y la diversificación del mercado para mejorar el acceso al microcrédito.
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    La cartera de microcrédito y la rentabilidad de las mutualistas en Ecuador
    (2024-11) Patiño Cevallos, Ana Belén; DT - López Solís, Oscar Patricio
    This research focuses on the study of mutual funds, since they represent an important part of the financial system, and their performance directly affects the stability and reliability of the sector. Therefore, understanding how the performance of their microcredit portfolio affects their profitability is essential to make informed decisions and create a solid and stable financial system. In recent years, access to credit has been a key factor for the economic and social development of developing countries. In this sense, microcredits have emerged as a fundamental tool to support entrepreneurs and small business owners in obtaining financing, thus promoting job creation and economic growth. The objectives of the research focus on the evolutionary analysis of the microcredit portfolio in Ecuadorian mutual funds, as well as identifying the factors that determine the profitability of Ecuadorian mutual funds in relation to the microcredit portfolio, and, finally, estimating the most stable relationship between the quality of the microcredit portfolio and the profitability of the entities. In order to meet these objectives, descriptive and explanatory techniques will be applied, which consist of a detailed description of the information based on contingency tables and basic statistics. In accordance with the explanatory analysis, techniques were applied to measure the relationship of the variables and the most stable estimate of each of the variables in relation to microcredit. The results obtained indicate that all these analyses suggest that there is a statistically significant relationship between profitability and the microcredit portfolio for Ecuadorian mutual funds during the period. Likewise, it was shown that 82.14% of the variables are positively correlated with each other, taking into account the correlation between available funds and the microcredit portfolio. These results indicate that it becomes crucial to monitor the relationship between income and the microcredit portfolio, since an increase in income could reduce the number of microcredits offered
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    Impacto del microcrédito en el desarrollo socio económico de la ciudad de Ambato en el año 2022
    (2024-11) Paca Del Pozo, Luis Miguel; DT - Tobar Esparza, Ramiro Fabián
    The primary objective of this study is to determine the impact of microcredit on the socioeconomic development of Ambato city in 2022. Specifically, three secondary objectives are proposed: to assess the socioeconomic vulnerability of business owners in the city, to identify their access to microcredit, and to correlate this variable with socioeconomic vulnerability in the canton's microenterprise activity. The socioeconomic vulnerability index proposed by Khan et al. (2022) was estimated using a questionnaire comprising nine inquiries across four dimensions: adaptive capacity and sensitivity, each consisting of two components - demographic, social, economic, and physical. Subsequently, the weighted values of the index for each component and dimension were calculated, followed by the computation of the general socioeconomic vulnerability index. Additionally, the results pertaining to microcredit access or acquisition were analyzed, necessitating the construction of a frequency distribution table and a pie chart. Finally, a multiple linear regression model was specified to explain socioeconomic vulnerability (socioeconomic development) as a function of microcredit access and a specific set of control variables, including area of residence, gender, and sector of activity. The study concluded that the socioeconomic vulnerability of business owners in Ambato city is generally moderate, from which it can be inferred that the city's socioeconomic development in the context of microcredit is equally moderate. Furthermore, a significant impact of microcredit on reducing socioeconomic vulnerability among households of producers and traders in Ambato was identified. The documented positive effect underscores the importance of microfinancing as a catalyst for social and economic development in the city.