Carrera de Biotecnología

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Subject: search.filters.subject.CLADOSPORIUM FULVUM COOKE

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    Evaluación de la actividad antifúngica de los aceites esenciales microencapsulados de Salvia rosmarinus (romero) y Mentha piperita (menta negra) frente a Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Chérrez Carriel, Allison Anabel; López Hernández, Orestes Darío
    Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) is an aromatic plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine. As an essential oil, it provides various functions, the most notable being its antifungal activity due to its chemical composition of cineole and borneol. On the other hand, Peppermint (Mentha piperita) is an aromatic plant known for its intense flavor and minty aroma. Its essential oil contains potent antifungal properties, largely attributed to menthol, which can disrupt fungal cell membranes or completely inhibit fungal growth. This study focused on evaluating the antifungal activity of microencapsulated essential oils of rosemary and black peppermint against Cladosporium fulvum Cooke. The oils were encapsulated using the spray-drying microencapsulation method, employing a mixture of maltodextrin and gum arabic as microencapsulating polymers. In vitro tests were conducted with different concentrations of the treatments under study and compared with a control group. Results showed that black peppermint essential oil was the most effective in controlling the phytopathogenic fungus, achieving a 66.8 percent inhibitory effect on mycelial growth. These findings suggest that the microencapsulation technique for essential oils holds great potential as a natural fungicide to control the phytopathogen C. fulvum Cooke in crops, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution.
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    Evaluación de la actividad antifúngica de los aceites esenciales microencapsulados de eucalipto (Eucaliptus globulus) y eneldo (Anethum graveolens) frente a Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Aldás Castro, Kevin Steve; López Hernández, Orestes Darío
    The tomato riñon (Lycopersicon esculentum) is a key vegetable in Ecuador, with a production of 55,550 metric tons, with the highlands being the main producing region. However, the excessive use of pesticides has led to resistance in pests and diseases, such as tomato leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), a destructive disease affecting the crop. Essential oils of eucalyptus and dill are used because they contain antimicrobial and antifungal properties, serving as an ecological alternative, though their effectiveness depends on various factors. Additionally, the microencapsulation of oils, using spray-drying techniques with a polymer blend of maltodextrin and gum arabic, helps improve their stability and controlled release. This can be automated in agriculture, reducing environmental contamination and improving the preservation of their bioactive properties. Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and dill (Anethum graveolens) oils contain active compounds such as cineole and anethole, known for their potency in controlling pests and diseases, making them a sustainable option for agriculture. The qualitative efficiency of the microencapsulation process was evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Finally, the dilution method in agar and microdilutions confirmed the in vitro effectiveness of the oils at concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 percent. The results showed that microencapsulated essential oils of eucalyptus and dill at concentrations of 30 percent or higher provide effective inhibition against the fungus Cladosporium fulvum Cooke.