Carrera de Biotecnología

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    Predicción de proteínas de novo mediante inteligencia artificial para la inhibición del factor NF-κB en el cáncer gástrico
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Laverde Lomas, Diego Martin; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    In this research, highlights the limited effectiveness of current treatments for gastric cancer and the role of AI tools in the development of new personalized strategies, through the prediction of de novo proteins aimed at inhibiting the Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) associated with this type of cancer. Thirty proteins were predicted, with a similar composition to those stored in standard and experimental databases. Their stability and folding capacity were analyzed based on the energies from intra and intermolecular interactions by molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, a molecular docking process was performed between several genes or transcription factors regulated by NF-κB and the predicted proteins, different thermodynamic variables such as Gibbs Free Energy, Dissociation Constant, Enthalpy, Heat Capacity, and Entropy were calculated and compared with respect to the complex of Inhibitor Alpha of kappa B and the protein composed of the p65 and p50 subunits of NF-κB to verify the affinity of their protein-protein interaction and structural conformation state. Finally, the affinity and selectivity of the resulting interactions were evaluated, concluding that the de novo proteins predicted by artificial intelligence are viable for the generation of new treatments and the design of new drugs to treat gastric cancer.
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    Elaboración de andamios biológicos mediante lixiviación de microesferas para aplicaciones biomédicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Freire Galarza, Melissa Belen; Núñez Villacís, Lorena de los Ángeles
    Bone defects are one of the main global health problems, and the scarcity of conventional substitutes to treat this deficiency is a clinical disadvantage. Thus, bone tissue engineering (BTE) through the combination of cells, growth factors and scaffolds has emerged as a promising alternative in the regeneration of functional tissues. In this study, chitosan and polycaprolactone (PCL) biological scaffolds (ABs) were prepared by leaching gelatin microspheres at different concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 percent in order to evaluate their impact on morphological, mechanical and biological properties. Macroporous and microporous scaffolds (90 to 600 micrometers) were obtained, the scaffolds with a higher concentration of microspheres presented a porosity of 85.29 percent, proving to be more favorable on the other properties of the ABs, with a water vapor transmission rate of 117. 18 grams per square meter per-24 hours, a water absorption capacity of 249.02 percent and a biodegradability of 31.09 and 54.41 percent in simulated body fluid (SBF), and blood plasma respectively, differing only in mechanical properties with a modulus of elasticity of 386.70 kilopascals, which indicated a lower stiffness of the material. The resulting ABs demonstrated suitable properties that can be applied in ITO, depending on the characteristics, scaffolds with higher porosity for spongy bones and rapid cell integration, and scaffolds with lower porosity for dense bones requiring higher mechanical strength.