Carrera de Biotecnología

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ANÁLISIS FILOGENÉTICO

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    Caracterización de una enzima celulasa obtenida mediante reconstrucción ancestral de secuencias
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) León Gaibor, Dania Sarahí; Cerda Mejía, Liliana Alexandra
    Modern enzymes are biological alternatives to the degradation of cellulosic biomass derived from agro-industrial waste, facilitating the production of high value-added products such as biofuels. However, the properties of current enzymes are not always suitable for their application in industrial environments. Ancestral sequence reconstruction is an in-silico technique that allows the deduction of ancient protein sequences from existing ones, based on the premise that on the primitive earth enzymes were more stable. We proceeded to the reconstruction of an ancestral enzyme from representative cellulases of family 6 of glycosyl hydrolases, with the expectation of obtaining improved properties and proceeding to their characterization. For the prediction of optimal conditions, the statistical method known as response surface methodology was used, considering pH and reaction temperature as variables. The results revealed that ancestral cellulase acts on the crystalline structure of cellulose. In addition, the determination of optimum conditions showed that cellulase exhibits higher activity at pH 8.6, compared to its current counterparts, which exhibit higher catalysis under acidic conditions. Also, the predicted temperature exceeds 76 degrees Celsius, which when compared to its counterparts that present temperatures up to a maximum of 60 degrees Celsius, suggesting a higher thermostability.
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    Análisis genómico de los bacteriófagos líticos f6 y f14 de Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Gavilanes Tiban, Joselyn Micaela; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    Food contamination by Salmonella represents an emerging global public health crisis, with poultry farms being the principal reservoirs of this pathogen. The excessive use of antibiotics on these farms contributes to the increase in antibiotic resistance. In response to this situation, lytic bacteriophages emerge as a promising alternative for the biocontrol of Salmonella. However, it is essential to perform a detailed analysis of the complete genome of these bacteriophages before their implementation, in order to identify the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes that could affect the safety of their in vivo implementation. In this study, two lytic bacteriophages of S. enterica serovar Infantis, named F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage, were sequenced using third-generation Oxford Nanopore technology. Genomic characterization revealed that F6 has a length of 29,097 bp and a GC content of 48.57 percent, encoding 30 functional proteins, while F14 has a length of 59,339 bp, a GC content of 56.44 percent, and encodes 49 functional proteins. In both bacteriophages, the presence of genes producing toxins, bacterial virulence factors, or antibiotic resistance genes was ruled out. Genetic comparison and phylogenetic analysis placed F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage within the Berlinvirus and Chivirus genera, respectively. These findings position F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage as promising candidates for the biocontrol of Salmonella in the poultry sector in Ecuador.
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    Análisis genómico de los bacteriófagos líticos f6 y f14 de Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Altamirano Cisneros, Karen Analía; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    with poultry farms being the principal reservoirs of this pathogen. The excessive use of antibiotics on these farms contributes to the increase in antibiotic resistance. In response to this situation, lytic bacteriophages emerge as a promising alternative for the biocontrol of Salmonella. However, it is essential to perform a detailed analysis of the complete genome of these bacteriophages before their implementation, in order to identify the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes that could affect the safety of their in vivo implementation. In this study, two lytic bacteriophages of S. enterica serovar Infantis, named F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage, were sequenced using third-generation Oxford Nanopore technology. Genomic characterization revealed that F6 has a length of 29,097 bp and a GC content of 48.57 percent, encoding 30 functional proteins, while F14 has a length of 59,339 bp, a GC content of 56.44 percent, and encodes 49 functional proteins. In both bacteriophages, the presence of genes producing toxins, bacterial virulence factors, or antibiotic resistance genes was ruled out. Genetic comparison and phylogenetic analysis placed F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage within the Berlinvirus and Chivirus genera, respectively. These findings position F6_melonhead and F14_guaytamphage as promising candidates for the biocontrol of Salmonella in the poultry sector in Ecuador.