Tesis Medicina Veterinaria

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ANTIBIÓTICOS BETALACTÁMICOS

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    Detección de genes de resistencia a antibióticos betalactámicos (blaTEM y blaCTX-M) en Shigella spp. aislada de carne de pollo que se expende en la ciudad de Ambato
    (2025-02) Rubio Obando Gregory Matheo; Cruz Quintana Sandra Margarita
    Chicken meat is a widely consumed food that can act as a vehicle for the transmission of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. In this context, the main objective of this research was to determine the presence of the beta-lactam resistance genes blaTEM and blaCTX-M in Shigella spp. strains isolated from chicken meat sold in the city of Ambato. 17 samples of chicken meat were collected from slaughterhouses (9 samples) and informal sales points (8 samples), and phenotypic and molecular identification of the strains was performed. The Shigella species identified were S. sonnei (58.82%), S. flexneri (29.41%) and S. dysenteriae (11.77%). The blaTEM gene was detected in 23.53% of the samples analyzed, while blaCTX-M was present in 88.23%. Both resistant strains were found in S. sonnei and S. dysenteriae, but not in S. flexneri. The highest presence of these genes was found in samples from unregistered sales points, suggesting that inadequate hygienic-sanitary conditions contribute to the spread of resistant bacteria. The results obtained partially agree with previous studies carried out in other regions of Ecuador and Latin America, where the S. flexneri species has historically been the most prevalent. However, a change in epidemiology is observed, with a predominance of S. sonnei in the samples analyzed, which could be explained by the capacity of this species to acquire resistance genes more easily. This study highlights the importance of implementing sanitary control and surveillance measures in the chicken meat production and marketing chain, in order to prevent the spread of bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and reduce the associated risks to public health.
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    Evaluación de la presencia de los genes de resistencia a antibióticos betalactámicos y glucopéptidos en Mammaliicoccus sciuri aislado de la carne de pollo que se expende en Ambato
    (2024-08) Barreno Mayorga, Jessica Fernanda; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    Antibiotic resistance represents a significant public health problem due to the ability of bacteria to cause difficult-to-treat infections. The objective of this research is to detect the presence of resistance genes to beta-lactam antibiotics (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) and glycopeptides (vancomycin) in the bacteria Mammaliicoccus sciuri isolated from chicken meat sold in Ambato. The research was carried out by collecting Mamamlicocus samples isolated from chicken meat and analyzing them in the laboratory to determine the presence of the aforementioned resistance genes, using PCR, DNA extraction and electrophoresis. Obtaining as results the presence of resistance genes in beta-lactams with an amplification of the band of 162 bp but no amplification of glycopeptides was found, which means that there are different ways for the existence of resistance. The identification and monitoring of these genes are crucial to evaluate food safety and prevent the spread of resistant bacteria in the final food chain.