Tesis Medicina Veterinaria

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    Evaluación de antibiorresistencia en bacterias grampositivas aisladas en carne de pollo que se expende en el cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (2024-02) Velastegui Viteri, Cristian David; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    The present investigation was carried out with the main purpose of evaluating the antibacterial resistance in Gram positive bacteria (Vagococcus lutrae, Mammaliicoccus sciuri and Kurthia gibsonii) isolated in chicken meat sold in Ambato Canton, province of Tungurahua, because bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a specific aspect of the natural evolution of bacteria, The study was carried out with strains of (Vagococcus lutrae, Mammaliicococcus sciuri and Kurthia gibsonii) that were isolated and molecularly identified from chicken meat sold in the canton of Ambato from previous investigations, which are kept in the Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato. It was found that there is the presence of antibioresistance in gram-positive bacteria, specifically in strains of Vagococcus lutrae, Mammaliicoccus sciuri and Kurthia gibsonii, isolated from samples of chicken meat marketed in the Ambato Canton, province of Tungurahua. Likewise, the results obtained by the agar diffusion method revealed significant patterns of antibiotic resistance in the Gram-positive bacteria studied. Resistance profiles against various antibiotics used in both Veterinary and Human Medicine were identified, highlighting the importance of addressing resistance in an interdisciplinary context and the analysis of virulence factors in strains of Vagococcus lutrae, Mammaliicococcus sciuri and Kurthia gibsonii provided valuable information on the possible risks associated with these bacteria in chicken meat. Keywords: EVALUATION, ANTIBIORRESISTANCE, BACTERIA, GRAM POSITIVE, CHICKEN MEAT, AMBATO, TUNGURAHUA.
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    Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial microencapsulado de Hierba Luisa (Cymbopogon citratus) sobre bacterias Gram positivas aisladas de piel de conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
    (2024-02) Jaramillo Panimboza, Katherine Salomé; Cruz Quintana, Sandra Margarita
    The objective of the research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the microencapsulated essential oil of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on Grampositive bacteria isolated from rabbit skin (Oryctolagus cuniculus), two Gram-positive bacteria (Paenibacillus profundus and Staphylococcus succinus) were molecularly identified using a 16s marker, the agar diffusion method in wells to measure antimicrobial activity, determined that the two bacterial strains did not form halos of inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in liquid medium was determined at 5% for the P. profundus strain with an optical density of 0.251, with respect to the S. succinus strain it was established that at 25% concentration of the oil there was bacterial growth at an optical density of 0.487, the colony forming units (CFU) for the S. succinus strain were determined at 15% of the oil concentration, with an average range of 2.00 CFU, being the best treatment, while for the P. profundus bacteria it was established from 15%, 20% and 25%, as it does not exist in any of them. the growth of UFC.
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    Identificación molecular de aislados bacterianos contaminantes de carne de pollo (Gallus gallus) expendida en puntos de venta del cantón Ambato
    (2023-03) Escobar Aguilar, Solange Belén; Cruz Quintana, Sandra
    Food of animal origin is exposed to several contamination factors in the production chain. Based on this argument, the objective of this research was the molecular identification of bacterial isolates contaminating chicken meat (Gallus gallus) sold in points of sale in the Ambato canton. The methodology started with 130 bacterial isolates, continued with the extraction of DNA, evaluating its quality by means of spectrophotometry with absorbance of 260/280 nm, determining its purity. For PCR using the 16S ribosomal DNA region, the universal primers 27F and 1492 R were used, and then electrophoresis was performed. The size of the bands was 1 500 base pairs (bp), the samples were sequenced and the identity of the processed bacteria was obtained, which were: Proteus mirabilis (36.09%), Escherichia coli (30.83%), Shigella sonnei (7.52%), Shigella flexneri (3.76%), Shigella dysenteriae (1.5%), Shigella sp. (0. 75%), Salmonella enterica (1.5%), Escherichia fergusonni (5.26%), Mammaliicoccus sciuri (2.26%), Enterobacter cloacae (1.5%), Proteus vulgaris (1.5%), Pseudescherichia vulneris (1.5%), Kurthia gibsonii (1.5%), Proteus sp. (0.75%), Comamonas kerstersii (0.75%), Cronobacter sakazakii (0.75%), Vagococcus lutrae (0.75%), Escherichia marmotae (0.75%) and Klebsiella variicola (0.75%). Finally, to compare the sequences deposited in the GenBank database, the content of Guanines + Cytokines, which are related to pathogenic islands, was taken into account; the bacterium with the highest content was Cronobacter sakazakii with 59.6%. In conclusion, the raw chicken meat sold in this territory contains a high index of microbiological contamination, demonstrating that one of the causes for the development of foodborne diseases (FBD) is the inadequate handling of the product, thus representing a serious problem for public health.