Medicina

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    REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA: PREVALENCIA DE LA INFECCIÓN POR HELICOBACTER PYLORI DROGORESISTENTE
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-25) Núñez Aldaz, Stephany Raquel; Bonifaz Diaz, Diego Raúl
    Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is a disease of worldwide distribution, it is known that half of the population is a carrier of the bacterium. The importance of studying the prevalence of drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori is to know the resistance patterns of antibiotics used in the treatment of the infection in order to investigate the modifications necessary for the correct eradication of the disease. Objective: To describe the prevalence of drug resistance in Helicobacter pylori infection in the last 10 years. Methodology: This literature review is based on a retrospective study, search and analysis of studies, essays and meta-analyses published in the databases: PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Web of Science, Mediagraphic, Elsevier, Springer. Results: The prevalence of drug resistance depends on geographical location. The treatment lines used for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection have increased their resistance rates in the last 10 years. In addition, a higher prevalence of resistance is observed in previously treated individuals than in patients who never received eradication treatment. Conclusions: The studies found in this literature review have limitations, which means that the prevalence differs according to the regions and the lines of treatment used. In the studies analyzed, the prevalence of drug resistance against metronidazole and clarithromycin is the highest compared to other antibiotics and has maintained a constant growth
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    NUEVAS ESTRATEGIAS FARMACOLÓGICAS Y SU MECANISMO DE ACCIÓN EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA TB PULMONAR
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-24) Caicedo Lozada, Andrés Sebastián; Echeverría Valencia, Gabriela
    Pulmonary TB (PTB), caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is one of the most prevalent and deadly infectious diseases worldwide. With approximately a quarter of the global population affected, TB stands as one of the leading causes of mortality within the spectrum of infectious diseases. Given this reality, there is an urgent need to explore and analyze new strategies that offer hope in the fight against this disease. This article aims to provide an analytical review of emerging strategies in the treatment of TB. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive review methodology has been adopted, encompassing a wide range of recent bibliographic sources, including academic research and specialized literature. The purpose is to compile and synthesize the most significant and up-todate contributions in the field, thus providing a clear and current overview of advances in the fight against TB. The article is structured into key sections that cover an introduction to the basic concepts of PTB, examining the epidemiology and interaction between Mtb and the host immune response, focusing on the formation of granulomas. Additionally, the pharmacodynamics and conventional treatments are analyzed, along with a critical study on drug resistance. It concludes by highlighting the need for innovation and personalization in treatments to address drug resistance, offering a comprehensive view of the current challenges and solutions in the management of TB.