Desarrollo del proceso de fabricación para la obtención de sorbetes biodegradables.

Abstract

The growing concern about environmental pollution caused by single-use plastics has driven the search for biodegradable alternatives. This project addresses this issue by developing a process to manufacture biodegradable straws that reduce environmental impact. The use of materials such as sugarcane bagasse was prioritized due to its availability, low cost, and biodegradable properties, along with its versatility and low carbon footprint, aligning with global sustainability trends and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The development process included an exhaustive review of the scientific and technical literature to identify suitable materials and evaluate the most efficient manufacturing methods. The extrusion method was selected as the main technique, given its ability to process the chosen materials and its adaptability in the industry. As part of the project, a single-screw extruder machine was designed, optimized to produce up to 2 kg/hour of biodegradable straws. The design focused on the efficiency of the process and the proper configuration of the extrusion system, ensuring continuous and uniform production with low resource consumption. The results of the study showed that the combination of sugarcane bagasse and cassava starch allows obtaining biodegradable straws with characteristics suitable for use in the food industry. The designed machine meets the requirements of sustainable production, ensuring economic viability, industrial scalability, and reduction of plastic waste. In addition to promoting technological innovation and supporting the transition towards a circular economy.