Caracterización del síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico en niños y enfermedad de kawasaki asociados con covid-19

Abstract

Introduction: At the beginning of the pandemic, it was believed that COVID-19 preferably affected adults and had a high mortality in them, however, in April 2020, cases similar to Kawasaki disease, defined as MIS-C, were detected due to its relationship with the new disease. Since then, both Kawasaki disease and MIS-C have been studied; finding many similarities and very few differences, some of which focus on the age of the patients they affect, so that Kawasaki disease mainly affects Asian infants while MIC-S ages between 5-14 years of age age and does not distinguish between ethnicity or race; In addition, certain particularities were identified in the clinical picture, and their appearance during and after presenting the disease by SARSCOV-2, as in the case of MIC-S. Objective: The objective was to carry out a narrative bibliographic review article on the updated scientific literature on Characterization of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children and Kawasaki disease associated with COVID-19, describing the evidence found on the characterization of these two pathologies with COVID-19. Materials and methods: The present work is a systematic review of the existing current literature of publications in scientific medical journals, compiling information from databases such as: Cochrane Library, Medline, Intra Med, PubMed, The Cochrane, SciELO, WHO and others journals that contain updated and quality scientific evidence from the appearance of the new coronavirus, in the Spanish and English languages. In the same way, bibliographic data and citations of scientific articles available in the virtual library of the Technical University of Ambato were included. All articles that include the MIS-C and Kawasaki associated with COVID- 19 were taken into account. Current available literature in scientific journals, articles, books, videos, etc. Scientific articles available in Medline, Intra Med, PubMed, The Cochrane. Computer with internet connection Results and Discussion: 111 articles were consulted with the keywords: Kawasaki, COVID-19 and MIS-C, those that were not within the last five years were discarded, 28 bibliographies were used for the present investigation, where characteristics are mentioned specific information about COVID-19 and its relationship with MIS-C and Kawasaki. Conclusion: The scientific evidence available for both MIS-C and Kawasaki disease was reviewed and it was possible to obtain specific differences between the twoxii pathologies, in terms of the age at which each one appears, thus Kawasaki disease it occurs in children under five years of age and is more frequent in people of Asian descent, unlike MIS-C, which according to the WHO occurs between the ages of 0-19 years of age and is more frequent in Afro-descendants and Hispanics; In addition, Kawasaki disease can appear associated with or after COVID-19, between 2-4 weeks after exposure to COVID-19, while MIS-C occurs during active disease or one week after exposure to COVID-19 virus. Clinical and laboratory peculiarities between MIS-C and Kawasaki syndrome, both related to COVID-19, were analyzed, among them: in both entities, inflammatory markers such as CRP, procalcitonin are usually elevated, due to coronary aneurysms in the In Kawasaki disease, tests such as troponins and echocardiogram are performed, while in MIS-C, which usually causes inflammation at the level of the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, and digestive organs, the tests are aimed at examining these organs and the symptoms appear related to their alteration. Information was collected from different scientific journals with more recent information about the association of COVID-19 with MIS-C and Kawasaki and a relationship was found especially with MIS-C, which is usually post-COVID-19