INNOVACIÓN EN EL TRATAMIENTO DEL DOLOR LUMBAR CRÓNICO, UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a public health problem that causes disability and work absenteeism, with a high socioeconomic impact. To reduce its burden on health systems and patients, effective and accessible therapeutic alternatives with less dependence on drugs are being sought. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of innovative and conventional treatments for CLBP, analyzing their impact on pain reduction, functionality, and quality of life of patients. Methods: A systematic review was performed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and SciELO, including studies from 2019 to 2024 on innovative treatments for CLBP. We excluded research with small samples or without a control group, following a two-stage selection process. Results: Non-pharmacological therapies, emerging technologies such as virtual reality and mobile applications, therapeutic massages and medicinal plants were found to favor adherence to treatment and reduce the perception of pain in patients. Discussion: Non-pharmacological strategies have advantages over conventional treatments by reducing adverse effects and analgesic dependence. This highlights the importance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach in the management of CLBP. Conclusion: Innovative interventions, especially non-pharmacological ones, have demonstrated efficacy in reducing pain and improving functionality and quality of life. It is recommended that these approaches be prioritized in clinical practice, although more research is needed to confirm their long-term effectiveness.