Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Constantino Fernández de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 11

Abstract

This technical project aims to evaluate the condition of the road network in the urban area of the Constantino Fernández Parish, Zone 11, in the Ambato canton, in order to determine its current state, identify deficiencies, and propose maintenance and rehabilitation solutions that improve mobility and road safety. The research stems from the progressive deterioration of several streets, characterized by potholes, cracks, wear and tear, and structural failures, a situation that affects traffic, increases vehicle costs, and limits the socioeconomic development of the population The methodology was developed in three phases. The first involved a georeferenced planimetric survey, recording of existing infrastructure, and a traffic study, using GNSS RTK, drones, and traffic count sheets. This stage allowed for the identification of 3,950.41 meters of roads within the study area. The second phase consisted of evaluating the pavement using the PCI method, identifying defects and their severity (low, medium, and high), and conducting soil tests (particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor, and CBR). The results indicate that the predominant soil is silty sand (SM), with 21.06% passing the #200 sieve and a plasticity index of 7.44%. Finally, the third phase included the unit price analysis (UPA) and the calculation of the reference budget for carrying out the maintenance and rehabilitation work. The results show that most of the roads are in Poor, Very Poor, or Severe condition, demonstrating a considerable decrease in their service capacity and road safety. The road with the greatest deterioration is SN6 Street, with the highest intervention costs due to the type and severity of its defects. Based on the identified damage and the technical-economic analysis, a total budget of USD 90.476,20 was developed to address the needs of Zone 11, encompassing numerous routine and preventive maintenance tasks, as well as complete rehabilitation of the most critical sections. These interventions will improve the functionality of the road network, optimize urban mobility, and enhance the quality of life for residents of the parish. The project concludes by emphasizing the importance of maintaining systematic records of road conditions, implementing ongoing maintenance programs, and strengthening local technical planning to ensure the sustainability of the road infrastructure.