Efecto de los fitobióticos orégano (origanum vulgare) y anís (pimpinella anisum) sobre las vellosidades intestinales y los parámetros productivos en cerdos destetados

Abstract

This research was conducted to compare the effect of phytobiotics oregano (Origanum vulgare) and anise (Pimpinella anisum) on intestinal villi and productive parameters in weaned pigs, and to assess the cost-benefit relationship of the treatments based on partial costs. The results of the weight test indicate that treatments with oregano (T1) and anise (T2) had a positive impact on the weight gain of weaned pigs compared to the control group (T0), without treatment, over eight weeks. Differences were statistically significant in each analyzed week. In the fourth week, groups T1 and T2 showed significantly higher weights than the control group, with means of 12.91 kg and 12.82 kg compared to 9.88 g, respectively. These effects were maintained and became more pronounced in subsequent weeks, reaching average weights in the eighth week of 29.18 kg for T2 and 25.97 kg for T1, compared to 21.17 kg for the control group. Regarding food consumption, groups T1 and T2 consumed less food than the control group, indicating greater feed efficiency. For example, in the fourth week, consumptions were 0.25 (T1) and 0.23 (T2) compared to 0.30 for the control group. This trend continued in subsequent weeks, with the treated groups maintaining lower food consumption but higher weight gain. In conclusion, treatments with oregano and anise significantly improved the weight and feed efficiency of weaned pigs. Anise treatment showed slight superiority, highlighting its digestive, antimicrobial, and appetite-stimulating properties, which contribute to these results. Implementing anise as an additive in pig feed could be an effective strategy to improve animal performance and health.