Sistema de navegación autónoma de un UAV para videovigilancia y operaciones del espacio aéreo de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato

Abstract

Insecurity is a growing problem that affects various environments, including educational institutions, where risks related to the protection of property and people arise. At the Technical University of Ambato, specifically in the Huachi Chico campus, issues were evident in limited areas such as parking lots and the technological workshop sector of FISEI. The research, framed within the line of Information Technology and Control Systems, proposed the implementation of an autonomous navigation system for a hexacopter, designed to provide support in video surveillance and aerial operations on campus. The system integrates FPV technology for real-time transmission and a gimbal equipped with a camera, allowing for the capture of photographs and videos. Additionally, the versatility of the system enables it to perform various operations, such as monitoring, security tasks, or even collecting audiovisual data according to the needs of each situation within the campus. The development occurred in stages, including data and video collection, processing, monitoring, and control, using a Pixhawk 2.4.8 as the main board of the system. It involved configuring routes designed in a monitoring and control interface that includes a georeferencing system developed in Python using GPS technology for GNSS systems, as well as trajectory simulations for visualizing the drone's behavior during flight tests in relation to mission planning. The results obtained demonstrated the system's efficiency in comparison with other georeferencing systems according to the established routes and the previously imposed flight autonomy time under parameters such as flight speed, altitude, and preestablished mission type in a real environment.