Resistencia en la capacidad aeróbica de los estudiantes de tercero de bachillerato general unificado

Abstract

This research addresses endurance in aerobic capacity among third-year Unified General High School students at Unidad Educativa Rumiñahui. The study is relevant because endurance and aerobic capacity are not only physical skills but also mental abilities, directly influencing individuals' quality of life by improving their overall health and well-being. The main objective of the research was to determine the impact of endurance on aerobic capacity through the implementation of a structured program. The methodology used was a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental, fieldbased, longitudinal, and analytical-synthetic design, utilizing the hypotheticaldeductive and comparative method to assess the relationship between the endurance program and the improvement of aerobic capacity. The main results showed significant improvements. The Wilcoxon statistical test demonstrated that the p-value < 0.05, allowing for the rejection of the null hypothesis and confirming the alternate hypothesis: endurance positively influences students' aerobic capacity. Initially, 68.3% of students exhibited a "regular" level of aerobic capacity, and 5% had a "poor" level, findings consistent with those of Chaparro Jaimes et al. (2020), who noted that adolescents generally present low initial aerobic capacity. After implementing the endurance program, 35% of students achieved an "excellent" level in the post-test, showing significant improvement. Additionally, it was observed that 22 students improved their aerobic capacity without any regressions. This result aligns with findings by Casas et al. (2015) and Simon Gavanda et al. (2022), who highlight the effectiveness of structured programs in enhancing aerobic capacity and their positive impact on quality of life. In conclusion, the research demonstrates that a well-designed endurance program significantly improves adolescents' aerobic capacity. These findings provide relevant evidence to promote similar programs within school settings, contributing not only to physical development but also to students' overall health. The study underscores the need to implement educational strategies that encourage regular physical activity, thereby improving aerobic capacity and, consequently, the quality of life of adolescents.