Análisis de soldadura del acero inoxidable martensítico AISI 420 con acero de medio carbono AISI 1045 y bajo carbono AISI 1018 por soldadura SMAW y su influencia en las propiedades mecánicas

Abstract

The work was carried out with the objective of choosing a suitable electrode to weld a martensitic stainless steel with a medium and low carbon steel in order to generate technological benefits in the industry, as well as study the microstructural changes that may have problems in this material during the welding process which makes it necessary to study the union of these materials. This project was carried out with the SMAW process under the AWS code B4.0 "Standard methods for mechanical welding tests" which establishes the general provisions for the realization of the tensile and impact probes for the joints of AISI 420 stainless steel joints with AISI 1045 medium carbon steel and AISI 1018 low carbon steel using input materials E 308L-16, E 3016L-16 and E 312-16. The tests were carried out in the laboratories of the Center for Productive Development of Mechanical Metalworking of the Municipal Government of Tungurahua. After having performed the required tests, the procedure is analyzed with the respective analysis and interpretation of the results, and the best mechanical properties found in the union of the stainless steel AISI 420 stainless steel and AISI 1018 low carbon steel with the material of E312-16 contribution obtaining a maximum effort of 613,61 MPa, in addition to an elongation percentage of 16.79 percent likewise the impact energy of 61.27 J and a maximum hardness of 269.38 VHI.